Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization

BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mec...
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Autor*in:	Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti [verfasserIn] Mohamad Sadikin [verfasserIn] Sri Widia Azraki Jusman [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Medical Journal of Indonesia - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, 2013, 28(2019), 1
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:28 ; year:2019 ; number:1

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ060040971

Internformat


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520			\|a BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism.
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author_variant	p a n s pans m s ms s w a j swaj
matchkey_str	article:22528083:2019----::fottoecmhpxaodtoiblcosmcohgsfeitae
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allfields	10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060040971 (DE-599)DOAJ6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti verfasserin aut Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism. cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α Medicine (General) Mohamad Sadikin verfasserin aut Sri Widia Azraki Jusman verfasserin aut In Medical Journal of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, 2013 28(2019), 1 (DE-627)747137862 (DE-600)2716886-4 22528083 nnns volume:28 year:2019 number:1 https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 kostenfrei http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0853-1773 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2252-8083 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2019 1
spelling	10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060040971 (DE-599)DOAJ6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti verfasserin aut Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism. cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α Medicine (General) Mohamad Sadikin verfasserin aut Sri Widia Azraki Jusman verfasserin aut In Medical Journal of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, 2013 28(2019), 1 (DE-627)747137862 (DE-600)2716886-4 22528083 nnns volume:28 year:2019 number:1 https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 kostenfrei http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0853-1773 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2252-8083 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2019 1
allfields_unstemmed	10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060040971 (DE-599)DOAJ6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti verfasserin aut Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism. cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α Medicine (General) Mohamad Sadikin verfasserin aut Sri Widia Azraki Jusman verfasserin aut In Medical Journal of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, 2013 28(2019), 1 (DE-627)747137862 (DE-600)2716886-4 22528083 nnns volume:28 year:2019 number:1 https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 kostenfrei http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0853-1773 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2252-8083 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2019 1
allfieldsGer	10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060040971 (DE-599)DOAJ6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti verfasserin aut Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism. cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α Medicine (General) Mohamad Sadikin verfasserin aut Sri Widia Azraki Jusman verfasserin aut In Medical Journal of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, 2013 28(2019), 1 (DE-627)747137862 (DE-600)2716886-4 22528083 nnns volume:28 year:2019 number:1 https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 kostenfrei http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0853-1773 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2252-8083 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2019 1
allfieldsSound	10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060040971 (DE-599)DOAJ6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti verfasserin aut Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism. cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α Medicine (General) Mohamad Sadikin verfasserin aut Sri Widia Azraki Jusman verfasserin aut In Medical Journal of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, 2013 28(2019), 1 (DE-627)747137862 (DE-600)2716886-4 22528083 nnns volume:28 year:2019 number:1 https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 kostenfrei http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/1961 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0853-1773 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2252-8083 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2019 1
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Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. 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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti
spellingShingle	Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti misc R5-920 misc cytoglobin misc HIF-1α misc HIF-2α misc hypoxia misc macrophage misc PGC-1α misc Medicine (General) Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization
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topic_title	R5-920 Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization cytoglobin HIF-1α HIF-2α hypoxia macrophage PGC-1α
topic	misc R5-920 misc cytoglobin misc HIF-1α misc HIF-2α misc hypoxia misc macrophage misc PGC-1α misc Medicine (General)
topic_unstemmed	misc R5-920 misc cytoglobin misc HIF-1α misc HIF-2α misc hypoxia misc macrophage misc PGC-1α misc Medicine (General)
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title	Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization
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title_full	Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization
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title_sort	efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal srbc immunization
callnumber	R5-920
title_auth	Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization
abstract	BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism.
abstractGer	BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism.
abstract_unstemmed	BACKGROUND Activated macrophages require increased oxygen to destroy foreign bodies, leading to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. The macrophages overcame these stress conditions by increasing their aerobic metabolism.
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title_short	Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization
url	https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.1961 https://doaj.org/article/6de50b973d9e41e1a897b7e916048376 http://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/1961 https://doaj.org/toc/0853-1773 https://doaj.org/toc/2252-8083
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Therefore, macrophages would experience hypoxic and oxidative stress conditions at the same time. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the mechanism of the activated macrophages to overcoming this dual condition. METHODS The activated macrophages were harvested from the intraperitoneal cavities of 18 BALB/c mice immunized with 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The macrophage suspension was divided into four groups: control, 24, 48, and 72 hours after-immunization groups. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and cytoglobin (Cygb), as markers for hypoxic condition, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) protein as a marker for mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism was measured with ELISA. The analysis of oxidative stress was conducted with the water-soluble tetrazolium salt test. RESULTS The HIF-1α mRNA expression was the highest at 24 hours, whereas the HIF-2α mRNA showed no increased expression during the observation. The Cygb mRNA decreased after 24 hours. The highest expressions of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were detected at 72 hours, whereas the Cygb protein expression increased since 24 hours. The PGC-1α protein expression increased at 72 hours. The WST test showed the highest ROS level at 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS The macrophages were activated by SRBCs underwent dual hypoxia and oxidative stress condition simultaneously to overcome the foreign bodies. 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Efforts to overcome hypoxia condition in Balb/c mouse macrophages after intraperitoneal SRBC immunization

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