Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads
The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Madelien Wooding [verfasserIn] Justin Bradfield [verfasserIn] Vinesh Maharaj [verfasserIn] Dwayne Koot [verfasserIn] Lyn Wadley [verfasserIn] Linda Prinsloo [verfasserIn] Marlize Lombard [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2017 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: South African Journal of Science - Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010, 113(2017), 3/4, Seite 10-10 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:113 ; year:2017 ; number:3/4 ; pages:10-10 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 |
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| 520 | |a The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. | ||
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10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060298332 (DE-599)DOAJfe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Madelien Wooding verfasserin aut Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. San hunting poisons southern Africa liquid chromatography accurate mass-mass spectrometry archaeological analysis Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Justin Bradfield verfasserin aut Vinesh Maharaj verfasserin aut Dwayne Koot verfasserin aut Lyn Wadley verfasserin aut Linda Prinsloo verfasserin aut Marlize Lombard verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 113(2017), 3/4, Seite 10-10 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:113 year:2017 number:3/4 pages:10-10 https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 kostenfrei https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/3758 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 113 2017 3/4 10-10 |
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10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060298332 (DE-599)DOAJfe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Madelien Wooding verfasserin aut Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. San hunting poisons southern Africa liquid chromatography accurate mass-mass spectrometry archaeological analysis Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Justin Bradfield verfasserin aut Vinesh Maharaj verfasserin aut Dwayne Koot verfasserin aut Lyn Wadley verfasserin aut Linda Prinsloo verfasserin aut Marlize Lombard verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 113(2017), 3/4, Seite 10-10 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:113 year:2017 number:3/4 pages:10-10 https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 kostenfrei https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/3758 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 113 2017 3/4 10-10 |
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10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060298332 (DE-599)DOAJfe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Madelien Wooding verfasserin aut Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. San hunting poisons southern Africa liquid chromatography accurate mass-mass spectrometry archaeological analysis Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Justin Bradfield verfasserin aut Vinesh Maharaj verfasserin aut Dwayne Koot verfasserin aut Lyn Wadley verfasserin aut Linda Prinsloo verfasserin aut Marlize Lombard verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 113(2017), 3/4, Seite 10-10 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:113 year:2017 number:3/4 pages:10-10 https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 kostenfrei https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/3758 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 113 2017 3/4 10-10 |
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10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 doi (DE-627)DOAJ060298332 (DE-599)DOAJfe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Q1-390 H1-99 Madelien Wooding verfasserin aut Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. San hunting poisons southern Africa liquid chromatography accurate mass-mass spectrometry archaeological analysis Science Q Science (General) Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) Justin Bradfield verfasserin aut Vinesh Maharaj verfasserin aut Dwayne Koot verfasserin aut Lyn Wadley verfasserin aut Linda Prinsloo verfasserin aut Marlize Lombard verfasserin aut In South African Journal of Science Academy of Science of South Africa, 2010 113(2017), 3/4, Seite 10-10 (DE-627)593556860 (DE-600)2482725-3 19967489 nnns volume:113 year:2017 number:3/4 pages:10-10 https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/20160210 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fe006cd10e6e469385cb0d17c0e963f5 kostenfrei https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/3758 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7489 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 113 2017 3/4 10-10 |
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Potential for identifying plant-based toxins on San hunter-gatherer arrowheads |
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The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. |
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The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. |
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The antiquity of the use of hunting poisons has received much attention in recent years. In this paper we present the results of a pilot study designed to detect the presence of organic compounds, typically of less than 1200 Da, from poisonous plants that may have been used as hunting poisons in the past. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to a Synapt G2 high-resolution MS-QTOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to provisionally identify plant-based toxins present in (1) extracts of fresh plant material, (2) a blind control recipe consisting of three plant ingredients and (3) a Hei||om arrow poison of unknown ingredients. Although not all expected toxic compounds were identified, those that were identified compared favourably with those reported in the literature and confirmed through databases, specifically the Dictionary of Natural Products and ChemSpider. MS/MS fragmentation patterns and accurate mass were used for tentative identification of compounds because archaeological residues usually contain insufficient material for unambiguous identification using nuclear magnetic resonance. We highlight the potential of this method for accurately identifying plant-based toxins present on archaeological artefacts and unique (albeit non-toxic) chemical markers that may allow one to infer the presence of toxic plant ingredients in arrow poisons. Any chemical study of archaeological material should consider the unique environmental degradative factors and be sensitive to the oxidative by-products of toxic compounds. Significance: • Methodology is presented for the identification of ancient plant-based arrow poisons. |
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