Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study

Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human h...
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Autor*in:	Jović Marko [verfasserIn] Jeremić Jelena [verfasserIn] Jovanović Ivan [verfasserIn] Lazarov Aleksandar [verfasserIn] Stojanović Marina [verfasserIn] Jović Marija [verfasserIn] Jovanović Milan [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch ; srp

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo - Serbian Medical Society, 2010, 147(2019), 9-10, Seite 583-587
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:147 ; year:2019 ; number:9-10 ; pages:583-587

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.2298/SARH181106045J

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ061962120

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520			\|a Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined.
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allfields	10.2298/SARH181106045J doi (DE-627)DOAJ061962120 (DE-599)DOAJ8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng srp Jović Marko verfasserin aut Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined. frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors Medicine R Jeremić Jelena verfasserin aut Jovanović Ivan verfasserin aut Lazarov Aleksandar verfasserin aut Stojanović Marina verfasserin aut Jović Marija verfasserin aut Jovanović Milan verfasserin aut In Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo Serbian Medical Society, 2010 147(2019), 9-10, Seite 583-587 (DE-627)637421205 (DE-600)2577665-4 24060895 nnns volume:147 year:2019 number:9-10 pages:583-587 https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH181106045J kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0370-8179/2019/0370-81791900045J.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0370-8179 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 147 2019 9-10 583-587
spelling	10.2298/SARH181106045J doi (DE-627)DOAJ061962120 (DE-599)DOAJ8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng srp Jović Marko verfasserin aut Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined. frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors Medicine R Jeremić Jelena verfasserin aut Jovanović Ivan verfasserin aut Lazarov Aleksandar verfasserin aut Stojanović Marina verfasserin aut Jović Marija verfasserin aut Jovanović Milan verfasserin aut In Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo Serbian Medical Society, 2010 147(2019), 9-10, Seite 583-587 (DE-627)637421205 (DE-600)2577665-4 24060895 nnns volume:147 year:2019 number:9-10 pages:583-587 https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH181106045J kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0370-8179/2019/0370-81791900045J.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0370-8179 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 147 2019 9-10 583-587
allfields_unstemmed	10.2298/SARH181106045J doi (DE-627)DOAJ061962120 (DE-599)DOAJ8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng srp Jović Marko verfasserin aut Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined. frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors Medicine R Jeremić Jelena verfasserin aut Jovanović Ivan verfasserin aut Lazarov Aleksandar verfasserin aut Stojanović Marina verfasserin aut Jović Marija verfasserin aut Jovanović Milan verfasserin aut In Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo Serbian Medical Society, 2010 147(2019), 9-10, Seite 583-587 (DE-627)637421205 (DE-600)2577665-4 24060895 nnns volume:147 year:2019 number:9-10 pages:583-587 https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH181106045J kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0370-8179/2019/0370-81791900045J.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0370-8179 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 147 2019 9-10 583-587
allfieldsGer	10.2298/SARH181106045J doi (DE-627)DOAJ061962120 (DE-599)DOAJ8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng srp Jović Marko verfasserin aut Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined. frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors Medicine R Jeremić Jelena verfasserin aut Jovanović Ivan verfasserin aut Lazarov Aleksandar verfasserin aut Stojanović Marina verfasserin aut Jović Marija verfasserin aut Jovanović Milan verfasserin aut In Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo Serbian Medical Society, 2010 147(2019), 9-10, Seite 583-587 (DE-627)637421205 (DE-600)2577665-4 24060895 nnns volume:147 year:2019 number:9-10 pages:583-587 https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH181106045J kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0370-8179/2019/0370-81791900045J.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0370-8179 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 147 2019 9-10 583-587
allfieldsSound	10.2298/SARH181106045J doi (DE-627)DOAJ061962120 (DE-599)DOAJ8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng srp Jović Marko verfasserin aut Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined. frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors Medicine R Jeremić Jelena verfasserin aut Jovanović Ivan verfasserin aut Lazarov Aleksandar verfasserin aut Stojanović Marina verfasserin aut Jović Marija verfasserin aut Jovanović Milan verfasserin aut In Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo Serbian Medical Society, 2010 147(2019), 9-10, Seite 583-587 (DE-627)637421205 (DE-600)2577665-4 24060895 nnns volume:147 year:2019 number:9-10 pages:583-587 https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH181106045J kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8148291d48b94d0f84d61ed7639ae024 kostenfrei http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0370-8179/2019/0370-81791900045J.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0370-8179 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 147 2019 9-10 583-587
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author	Jović Marko
spellingShingle	Jović Marko misc frostbite misc individual factors misc socioeconomic factors misc environmental factors misc Medicine misc R Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study
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topic_title	Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study frostbite individual factors socioeconomic factors environmental factors
topic	misc frostbite misc individual factors misc socioeconomic factors misc environmental factors misc Medicine misc R
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title	Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study
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title_full	Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study
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author_browse	Jović Marko Jeremić Jelena Jovanović Ivan Lazarov Aleksandar Stojanović Marina Jović Marija Jovanović Milan
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title_sort	predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study
title_auth	Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study
abstract	Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined.
abstractGer	Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined.
abstract_unstemmed	Introduction/Objective. Frostbite is a cold-induced injury of the tissue caused by the freezing of intraand extracellular water, and characterized by thrombosis and ischemic necrosis. Although individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors are all considered fundamental determinants of human health in general, their role in the occurrence of frostbite remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations among these factors and frostbite for patients in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods. We investigated a total of 24 patients that were hospitalized and treated for frostbites at the Clinic for Burns, Plastic, and Reconstructive surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 2008–2017. Results. The majority (88%) of the patients were male, 58% were long-term alcohol consumers, 46% were long-term smokers, and one patient was drug addict. Of the patients, 14 (58%) had no income and depended on government support, 10 (42%) were employed in physical labor or work on the field, and three (13%) of the patients were homeless. Of the 24 frostbite patients identified, deep frostbite accounted for 18 (75%), of whom 17 (70.8%) had an operative outcome. A majority of patients (42%) sustained frostbite when the temperature was in the range of -5–0°C on the date of occurrence. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that individual, social, and environmental factors were important determinants of frostbite. Our results will contribute to existing evidence for risk factors related to frostbite and will allow for comparisons across countries where these factors have been examined.
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title_short	Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study
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author2	Jeremić Jelena Jovanović Ivan Lazarov Aleksandar Stojanović Marina Jović Marija Jovanović Milan
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Predisposing factors for frostbite - a ten-year retrospective study

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