The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis

Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	M. Yldau van der Ende [verfasserIn] Tom Hendriks [verfasserIn] Yordi van de Vegte [verfasserIn] Erik Lipsic [verfasserIn] Harold Snieder [verfasserIn] Pim van der Harst [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Scientific Reports - Nature Portfolio, 2011, 11(2021), 1, Seite 9
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2021 ; number:1 ; pages:9

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ063158558

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allfields	10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 doi (DE-627)DOAJ063158558 (DE-599)DOAJ3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng M. Yldau van der Ende verfasserin aut The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted. Medicine R Science Q Tom Hendriks verfasserin aut Yordi van de Vegte verfasserin aut Erik Lipsic verfasserin aut Harold Snieder verfasserin aut Pim van der Harst verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 11(2021), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 9
spelling	10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 doi (DE-627)DOAJ063158558 (DE-599)DOAJ3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng M. Yldau van der Ende verfasserin aut The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted. Medicine R Science Q Tom Hendriks verfasserin aut Yordi van de Vegte verfasserin aut Erik Lipsic verfasserin aut Harold Snieder verfasserin aut Pim van der Harst verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 11(2021), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 9
allfields_unstemmed	10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 doi (DE-627)DOAJ063158558 (DE-599)DOAJ3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng M. Yldau van der Ende verfasserin aut The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted. Medicine R Science Q Tom Hendriks verfasserin aut Yordi van de Vegte verfasserin aut Erik Lipsic verfasserin aut Harold Snieder verfasserin aut Pim van der Harst verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 11(2021), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 9
allfieldsGer	10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 doi (DE-627)DOAJ063158558 (DE-599)DOAJ3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng M. Yldau van der Ende verfasserin aut The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted. Medicine R Science Q Tom Hendriks verfasserin aut Yordi van de Vegte verfasserin aut Erik Lipsic verfasserin aut Harold Snieder verfasserin aut Pim van der Harst verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 11(2021), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 9
allfieldsSound	10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 doi (DE-627)DOAJ063158558 (DE-599)DOAJ3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng M. Yldau van der Ende verfasserin aut The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted. Medicine R Science Q Tom Hendriks verfasserin aut Yordi van de Vegte verfasserin aut Erik Lipsic verfasserin aut Harold Snieder verfasserin aut Pim van der Harst verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 11(2021), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3a831547b3be4bf29222a61fd44839c6 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83137-9 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 1 9
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spellingShingle	M. Yldau van der Ende misc Medicine misc R misc Science misc Q The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis
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topic_title	The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis
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title	The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis
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title_sort	groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis
title_auth	The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis
abstract	Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted.
abstractGer	Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract The sensitivity of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria to detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is low, especially in women. We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. Further validation and its association with clinical outcomes is warranted.
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title_short	The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis
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We determined sex-specific sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria, and developed new criteria, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were determined in participants of the UK Biobank (N = 3632). LVH was defined when left ventricular mass was < 95% confidence interval (CI) according to age and sex. In a training cohort (75%, N = 2724), sex-specific ECG-LVH criteria were developed by investigating all possible sums of QRS-amplitudes in all 12 leads, and selecting the sum with the highest pseudo-R2 and area under the curve to detect LVH. Performance was assessed in a validation cohort (25%, N = 908), and association with blood pressure change was investigated in an independent cohort. Sensitivities of ECG-LVH criteria were low, especially in women. Newly developed Groningen-LVH criterion for women (QV2 + RI + RV5 + RV6 + SV2 + SV4 + SV5 + SV6) outperformed all ECG-LVH criteria with a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 35–49%). In men, newly developed criterion ((RI + RV5 + SII + SV2 + SV6) × QRS duration) was equally sensitive as 12-lead sum with a sensitivity of 44% (95% CI 37–51%) and outperformed the other criteria. In an independent cohort, the Groningen-LVH criteria were strongest associated with change in systolic blood pressure. Our proposed CMR sex-specific Groningen-LVH criteria improve the sensitivity to detect LVH, especially in women. 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The Groningen electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: a sex-specific analysis

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