Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop
With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD)...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Yien Xu [verfasserIn] Dejian Yang [verfasserIn] Jiejie Huang [verfasserIn] Xinsong Zhang [verfasserIn] Liang Hua [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2021 |
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Schlagwörter: |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Applied Sciences - MDPI AG, 2012, 11(2021), 17, p 8259 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:11 ; year:2021 ; number:17, p 8259 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3390/app11178259 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ06648474X |
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520 | |a With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. | ||
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10.3390/app11178259 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06648474X (DE-599)DOAJa93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TA1-2040 QH301-705.5 QC1-999 QD1-999 Yien Xu verfasserin aut Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. frequency support power system control SFD rotor speed restoration wind generation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Biology (General) Physics Chemistry Dejian Yang verfasserin aut Jiejie Huang verfasserin aut Xinsong Zhang verfasserin aut Liang Hua verfasserin aut In Applied Sciences MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 17, p 8259 (DE-627)737287640 (DE-600)2704225-X 20763417 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:17, p 8259 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/8259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 17, p 8259 |
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10.3390/app11178259 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06648474X (DE-599)DOAJa93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TA1-2040 QH301-705.5 QC1-999 QD1-999 Yien Xu verfasserin aut Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. frequency support power system control SFD rotor speed restoration wind generation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Biology (General) Physics Chemistry Dejian Yang verfasserin aut Jiejie Huang verfasserin aut Xinsong Zhang verfasserin aut Liang Hua verfasserin aut In Applied Sciences MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 17, p 8259 (DE-627)737287640 (DE-600)2704225-X 20763417 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:17, p 8259 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/8259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 17, p 8259 |
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10.3390/app11178259 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06648474X (DE-599)DOAJa93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TA1-2040 QH301-705.5 QC1-999 QD1-999 Yien Xu verfasserin aut Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. frequency support power system control SFD rotor speed restoration wind generation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Biology (General) Physics Chemistry Dejian Yang verfasserin aut Jiejie Huang verfasserin aut Xinsong Zhang verfasserin aut Liang Hua verfasserin aut In Applied Sciences MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 17, p 8259 (DE-627)737287640 (DE-600)2704225-X 20763417 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:17, p 8259 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/8259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 17, p 8259 |
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10.3390/app11178259 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06648474X (DE-599)DOAJa93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TA1-2040 QH301-705.5 QC1-999 QD1-999 Yien Xu verfasserin aut Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. frequency support power system control SFD rotor speed restoration wind generation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Biology (General) Physics Chemistry Dejian Yang verfasserin aut Jiejie Huang verfasserin aut Xinsong Zhang verfasserin aut Liang Hua verfasserin aut In Applied Sciences MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 17, p 8259 (DE-627)737287640 (DE-600)2704225-X 20763417 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:17, p 8259 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/8259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 17, p 8259 |
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10.3390/app11178259 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06648474X (DE-599)DOAJa93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TA1-2040 QH301-705.5 QC1-999 QD1-999 Yien Xu verfasserin aut Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. frequency support power system control SFD rotor speed restoration wind generation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Biology (General) Physics Chemistry Dejian Yang verfasserin aut Jiejie Huang verfasserin aut Xinsong Zhang verfasserin aut Liang Hua verfasserin aut In Applied Sciences MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 17, p 8259 (DE-627)737287640 (DE-600)2704225-X 20763417 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:17, p 8259 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a93e9b7cb65f4d1a9f24f0283c4485b7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/17/8259 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 17, p 8259 |
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Yien Xu misc TA1-2040 misc QH301-705.5 misc QC1-999 misc QD1-999 misc frequency support misc power system control misc SFD misc rotor speed restoration misc wind generation misc Technology misc T misc Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) misc Biology (General) misc Physics misc Chemistry Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop |
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Fast Stepwise Inertial Control Scheme of a DFIG for Reducing Second Frequency Drop |
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With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. |
abstractGer |
With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. |
abstract_unstemmed |
With the fast growth in the penetration of wind power, doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are recommended for their ability to enforce grid codes that provide inertial control services by releasing rotational energy. However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. The test results demonstrated that the frequency stability is preserved during the frequency support phase, while the second frequency drop and mechanical stress on the wind turbine reduce during the rotor speed restoration phase when the DFIG implements the proposed stepwise inertial control scheme. |
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However, after supporting the system frequency, a second frequency drop (SFD) is prone to occurring to regain the rotor speed caused by the sudden reduction in output. In this article, we propose a torque limit-based fast stepwise inertial control scheme of a DFIG using a piecewise reference function for reducing the SFD while preserving the frequency nadir (FN) with less rotor energy released. To achieve the first objective, the power reference increases to the torque limit and then decays with the rotor speed toward the preset operating point. To achieve the second objective, the power reference smoothly lessens over time based on the exponential function. The performance of the proposed stepwise inertial control strategy was studied under various scenarios, including constant wind speed and ramp down wind speed conditions. 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