Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission

Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemi...
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Autor*in:	Guido Mula [verfasserIn] Tony Printemps [verfasserIn] Christophe Licitra [verfasserIn] Elisa Sogne [verfasserIn] Francesco D’Acapito [verfasserIn] Narciso Gambacorti [verfasserIn] Nicola Sestu [verfasserIn] Michele Saba [verfasserIn] Elisa Pinna [verfasserIn] Daniele Chiriu [verfasserIn] Pier Carlo Ricci [verfasserIn] Alberto Casu [verfasserIn] Francesco Quochi [verfasserIn] Andrea Mura [verfasserIn] Giovanni Bongiovanni [verfasserIn] Andrea Falqui [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2017

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Scientific Reports - Nature Portfolio, 2011, 7(2017), 1, Seite 12
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:7 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; pages:12

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ066770963

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allfields	10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ066770963 (DE-599)DOAJbe50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Guido Mula verfasserin aut Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon. Medicine R Science Q Tony Printemps verfasserin aut Christophe Licitra verfasserin aut Elisa Sogne verfasserin aut Francesco D’Acapito verfasserin aut Narciso Gambacorti verfasserin aut Nicola Sestu verfasserin aut Michele Saba verfasserin aut Elisa Pinna verfasserin aut Daniele Chiriu verfasserin aut Pier Carlo Ricci verfasserin aut Alberto Casu verfasserin aut Francesco Quochi verfasserin aut Andrea Mura verfasserin aut Giovanni Bongiovanni verfasserin aut Andrea Falqui verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 7(2017), 1, Seite 12 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:7 year:2017 number:1 pages:12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/be50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2017 1 12
spelling	10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ066770963 (DE-599)DOAJbe50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Guido Mula verfasserin aut Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon. Medicine R Science Q Tony Printemps verfasserin aut Christophe Licitra verfasserin aut Elisa Sogne verfasserin aut Francesco D’Acapito verfasserin aut Narciso Gambacorti verfasserin aut Nicola Sestu verfasserin aut Michele Saba verfasserin aut Elisa Pinna verfasserin aut Daniele Chiriu verfasserin aut Pier Carlo Ricci verfasserin aut Alberto Casu verfasserin aut Francesco Quochi verfasserin aut Andrea Mura verfasserin aut Giovanni Bongiovanni verfasserin aut Andrea Falqui verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 7(2017), 1, Seite 12 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:7 year:2017 number:1 pages:12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/be50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2017 1 12
allfields_unstemmed	10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ066770963 (DE-599)DOAJbe50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Guido Mula verfasserin aut Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon. Medicine R Science Q Tony Printemps verfasserin aut Christophe Licitra verfasserin aut Elisa Sogne verfasserin aut Francesco D’Acapito verfasserin aut Narciso Gambacorti verfasserin aut Nicola Sestu verfasserin aut Michele Saba verfasserin aut Elisa Pinna verfasserin aut Daniele Chiriu verfasserin aut Pier Carlo Ricci verfasserin aut Alberto Casu verfasserin aut Francesco Quochi verfasserin aut Andrea Mura verfasserin aut Giovanni Bongiovanni verfasserin aut Andrea Falqui verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 7(2017), 1, Seite 12 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:7 year:2017 number:1 pages:12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/be50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2017 1 12
allfieldsGer	10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ066770963 (DE-599)DOAJbe50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Guido Mula verfasserin aut Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon. Medicine R Science Q Tony Printemps verfasserin aut Christophe Licitra verfasserin aut Elisa Sogne verfasserin aut Francesco D’Acapito verfasserin aut Narciso Gambacorti verfasserin aut Nicola Sestu verfasserin aut Michele Saba verfasserin aut Elisa Pinna verfasserin aut Daniele Chiriu verfasserin aut Pier Carlo Ricci verfasserin aut Alberto Casu verfasserin aut Francesco Quochi verfasserin aut Andrea Mura verfasserin aut Giovanni Bongiovanni verfasserin aut Andrea Falqui verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 7(2017), 1, Seite 12 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:7 year:2017 number:1 pages:12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/be50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2017 1 12
allfieldsSound	10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ066770963 (DE-599)DOAJbe50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Guido Mula verfasserin aut Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon. Medicine R Science Q Tony Printemps verfasserin aut Christophe Licitra verfasserin aut Elisa Sogne verfasserin aut Francesco D’Acapito verfasserin aut Narciso Gambacorti verfasserin aut Nicola Sestu verfasserin aut Michele Saba verfasserin aut Elisa Pinna verfasserin aut Daniele Chiriu verfasserin aut Pier Carlo Ricci verfasserin aut Alberto Casu verfasserin aut Francesco Quochi verfasserin aut Andrea Mura verfasserin aut Giovanni Bongiovanni verfasserin aut Andrea Falqui verfasserin aut In Scientific Reports Nature Portfolio, 2011 7(2017), 1, Seite 12 (DE-627)663366712 (DE-600)2615211-3 20452322 nnns volume:7 year:2017 number:1 pages:12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/be50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2017 1 12
language	English
source	In Scientific Reports 7(2017), 1, Seite 12 volume:7 year:2017 number:1 pages:12
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Guido Mula @@aut@@ Tony Printemps @@aut@@ Christophe Licitra @@aut@@ Elisa Sogne @@aut@@ Francesco D’Acapito @@aut@@ Narciso Gambacorti @@aut@@ Nicola Sestu @@aut@@ Michele Saba @@aut@@ Elisa Pinna @@aut@@ Daniele Chiriu @@aut@@ Pier Carlo Ricci @@aut@@ Alberto Casu @@aut@@ Francesco Quochi @@aut@@ Andrea Mura @@aut@@ Giovanni Bongiovanni @@aut@@ Andrea Falqui @@aut@@
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author	Guido Mula
spellingShingle	Guido Mula misc Medicine misc R misc Science misc Q Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission
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topic_title	Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission
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title	Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission
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title_sort	doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission
title_auth	Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission
abstract	Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon.
abstractGer	Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Er clustering plays a major role in hindering sufficient optical gain in Er-doped Si materials. For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon.
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title_short	Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission
url	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06567-4 https://doaj.org/article/be50e1570bf14b3ba1dc6a67083a8f55 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322
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For porous Si, the long-standing failure to govern the clustering has been attributed to insufficient knowledge of the several, concomitant and complex processes occurring during the electrochemical Er-doping. We propose here an alternative road to solve the issue: instead of looking for an equilibrium between Er content and light emission using 1–2% Er, we propose to significantly increase the electrochemical doping level to reach the filling the porous silicon pores with luminescent Er-rich material. To better understand the intricate and superposing phenomena of this process, we exploit an original approach based on needle electron tomography, EXAFS and photoluminescence. Needle electron tomography surprisingly shows a heterogeneous distribution of Er content in the silicon thin pores that until now couldn’t be revealed by the sole use of scanning electron microscopy compositional mapping. Besides, while showing that pore filling leads to enhanced photoluminescence emission, we demonstrate that the latter is originated from both erbium oxide and silicate. These results give a much deeper understanding of the photoluminescence origin down to nanoscale and could lead to novel approaches focused on noteworthy enhancement of Er-related photoluminescence in porous silicon.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Medicine</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">R</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Science</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Q</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tony Printemps</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Christophe Licitra</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Elisa 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Doping porous silicon with erbium: pores filling as a method to limit the Er-clustering effects and increasing its light emission

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