Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization

The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization ef...
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Autor*in:	Shenglan Wu [verfasserIn] Hongdong Jie [verfasserIn] Yucheng Jie [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Agronomy - MDPI AG, 2012, 11(2021), 11, p 2096
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2021 ; number:11, p 2096

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/agronomy11112096

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ067818560

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520			\|a The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency.
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allfields	10.3390/agronomy11112096 doi (DE-627)DOAJ067818560 (DE-599)DOAJ19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shenglan Wu verfasserin aut Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency. fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil Agriculture S Hongdong Jie verfasserin aut Yucheng Jie verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 2096 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 2096 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 2096
spelling	10.3390/agronomy11112096 doi (DE-627)DOAJ067818560 (DE-599)DOAJ19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shenglan Wu verfasserin aut Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency. fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil Agriculture S Hongdong Jie verfasserin aut Yucheng Jie verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 2096 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 2096 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 2096
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/agronomy11112096 doi (DE-627)DOAJ067818560 (DE-599)DOAJ19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shenglan Wu verfasserin aut Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency. fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil Agriculture S Hongdong Jie verfasserin aut Yucheng Jie verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 2096 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 2096 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 2096
allfieldsGer	10.3390/agronomy11112096 doi (DE-627)DOAJ067818560 (DE-599)DOAJ19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shenglan Wu verfasserin aut Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency. fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil Agriculture S Hongdong Jie verfasserin aut Yucheng Jie verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 2096 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 2096 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 2096
allfieldsSound	10.3390/agronomy11112096 doi (DE-627)DOAJ067818560 (DE-599)DOAJ19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shenglan Wu verfasserin aut Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency. fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil Agriculture S Hongdong Jie verfasserin aut Yucheng Jie verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 11(2021), 11, p 2096 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:11 year:2021 number:11, p 2096 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2096 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2021 11, p 2096
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author	Shenglan Wu
spellingShingle	Shenglan Wu misc fibrous crop misc rhizosphere soil misc soil enzyme misc tolerance strategy misc infertile soil misc Agriculture misc S Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization
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topic_title	Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization fibrous crop rhizosphere soil soil enzyme tolerance strategy infertile soil
topic	misc fibrous crop misc rhizosphere soil misc soil enzyme misc tolerance strategy misc infertile soil misc Agriculture misc S
topic_unstemmed	misc fibrous crop misc rhizosphere soil misc soil enzyme misc tolerance strategy misc infertile soil misc Agriculture misc S
topic_browse	misc fibrous crop misc rhizosphere soil misc soil enzyme misc tolerance strategy misc infertile soil misc Agriculture misc S
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title	Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization
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title_full	Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization
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title_sort	role of rhizosphere soil microbes in adapting ramie (<i<boehmeria nivea</i< l.) plants to poor soil conditions through n-fixing and p-solubilization
title_auth	Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization
abstract	The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency.
abstractGer	The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency.
abstract_unstemmed	The N-fixing and P-solubilization functions of soil microbes play a vital role in plant adaptation to nutrient-deficiency conditions. However, their exact roles toward the adaptation of ramie to poor soil conditions are still not clear. To fill this research gap, the N-fixing and P-solubilization efficiencies of soils derived from the rhizosphere of several ramie genotypes with different levels of poor soil tolerance were compared. Correlations between the N-fixing, P-solubilization efficiency, and the poor soil tolerable index were analyzed to quantify their contributions towards the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil conditions. To explore how the microorganisms affected the potential of N-fixing/P-solubilization, the activities of the nutrients related the soil enzymes were also tested and compared. The results of this study confirm the existence of N-fixing and P-solubilization bacteria in the ramie rhizosphere of the soil. The number of N-fixing bacteria varied from 3010.00 to 46,150.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for the ramie treatment, while it was only 110.00 c.f.u. per gram dry soil for treatment without ramie cultivation. The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). These characteristics would accelerate the application of “holobiont” breeding for improving ramie nutrient use efficiency.
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title_short	Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112096 https://doaj.org/article/19dd5e1bda634461b5eeaed0dc258045 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2096 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395
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The average P-solubilization efficiency of ramie treatment was almost five times higher than that of the control soil (0.65 vs. 0.13 mg mL<sup<−1</sup<). The significant correlations between the poor soil tolerance index and the N-fixing bacteria number (<i<r</i< = 0.829)/nitrogenase activity (<i<r</i< = 0.899) suggest the significantly positive role of N-fixing function in the adaptation of ramie plants to poor soil. This is also true for P-solubilization, as indicated by the significant positively correlation coefficients between the ramie poor soil tolerance index and P-solubilization efficiency (0.919)/acid phosphatase activity (0.846). 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Role of Rhizosphere Soil Microbes in Adapting Ramie (<i<Boehmeria nivea</i< L.) Plants to Poor Soil Conditions through N-Fixing and P-Solubilization

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