Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study

Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were...
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Autor*in:	Sang Ha Woo [verfasserIn] Jung Hee Lee [verfasserIn] Cho-in Lee [verfasserIn] Yun Kyu Lee [verfasserIn] Hyun-Jong Lee [verfasserIn] Jae Soo Kim [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch ; Koreanisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Journal of Acupuncture Research - E-Tree Publishing, 2019, 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:38 ; year:2021 ; number:1 ; pages:47-59

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.13045/jar.2020.00332

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ06892755X

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520			\|a Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day.
650		4	\|a pharmacopuncture
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653		0	\|a Therapeutics. Pharmacology
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700	0		\|a Cho-in Lee \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Yun Kyu Lee \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Hyun-Jong Lee \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Jae Soo Kim \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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allfields	10.13045/jar.2020.00332 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06892755X (DE-599)DOAJ2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor RZ409.7-999 RM1-950 Sang Ha Woo verfasserin aut Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day. pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test Miscellaneous systems and treatments Therapeutics. Pharmacology Jung Hee Lee verfasserin aut Cho-in Lee verfasserin aut Yun Kyu Lee verfasserin aut Hyun-Jong Lee verfasserin aut Jae Soo Kim verfasserin aut In Journal of Acupuncture Research E-Tree Publishing, 2019 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59 (DE-627)1760649716 (DE-600)3073165-3 25862898 nnns volume:38 year:2021 number:1 pages:47-59 https://doi.org/10.13045/jar.2020.00332 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 kostenfrei http://www.e-jar.org/upload/pdf/jar-2020-00332.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-288X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-2898 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA AR 38 2021 1 47-59
spelling	10.13045/jar.2020.00332 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06892755X (DE-599)DOAJ2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor RZ409.7-999 RM1-950 Sang Ha Woo verfasserin aut Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day. pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test Miscellaneous systems and treatments Therapeutics. Pharmacology Jung Hee Lee verfasserin aut Cho-in Lee verfasserin aut Yun Kyu Lee verfasserin aut Hyun-Jong Lee verfasserin aut Jae Soo Kim verfasserin aut In Journal of Acupuncture Research E-Tree Publishing, 2019 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59 (DE-627)1760649716 (DE-600)3073165-3 25862898 nnns volume:38 year:2021 number:1 pages:47-59 https://doi.org/10.13045/jar.2020.00332 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 kostenfrei http://www.e-jar.org/upload/pdf/jar-2020-00332.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-288X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-2898 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA AR 38 2021 1 47-59
allfields_unstemmed	10.13045/jar.2020.00332 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06892755X (DE-599)DOAJ2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor RZ409.7-999 RM1-950 Sang Ha Woo verfasserin aut Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day. pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test Miscellaneous systems and treatments Therapeutics. Pharmacology Jung Hee Lee verfasserin aut Cho-in Lee verfasserin aut Yun Kyu Lee verfasserin aut Hyun-Jong Lee verfasserin aut Jae Soo Kim verfasserin aut In Journal of Acupuncture Research E-Tree Publishing, 2019 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59 (DE-627)1760649716 (DE-600)3073165-3 25862898 nnns volume:38 year:2021 number:1 pages:47-59 https://doi.org/10.13045/jar.2020.00332 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 kostenfrei http://www.e-jar.org/upload/pdf/jar-2020-00332.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-288X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-2898 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA AR 38 2021 1 47-59
allfieldsGer	10.13045/jar.2020.00332 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06892755X (DE-599)DOAJ2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor RZ409.7-999 RM1-950 Sang Ha Woo verfasserin aut Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day. pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test Miscellaneous systems and treatments Therapeutics. Pharmacology Jung Hee Lee verfasserin aut Cho-in Lee verfasserin aut Yun Kyu Lee verfasserin aut Hyun-Jong Lee verfasserin aut Jae Soo Kim verfasserin aut In Journal of Acupuncture Research E-Tree Publishing, 2019 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59 (DE-627)1760649716 (DE-600)3073165-3 25862898 nnns volume:38 year:2021 number:1 pages:47-59 https://doi.org/10.13045/jar.2020.00332 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 kostenfrei http://www.e-jar.org/upload/pdf/jar-2020-00332.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-288X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-2898 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA AR 38 2021 1 47-59
allfieldsSound	10.13045/jar.2020.00332 doi (DE-627)DOAJ06892755X (DE-599)DOAJ2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor RZ409.7-999 RM1-950 Sang Ha Woo verfasserin aut Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day. pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test Miscellaneous systems and treatments Therapeutics. Pharmacology Jung Hee Lee verfasserin aut Cho-in Lee verfasserin aut Yun Kyu Lee verfasserin aut Hyun-Jong Lee verfasserin aut Jae Soo Kim verfasserin aut In Journal of Acupuncture Research E-Tree Publishing, 2019 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59 (DE-627)1760649716 (DE-600)3073165-3 25862898 nnns volume:38 year:2021 number:1 pages:47-59 https://doi.org/10.13045/jar.2020.00332 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2234c4b5fd63475592dbcd72174e2117 kostenfrei http://www.e-jar.org/upload/pdf/jar-2020-00332.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-288X Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2586-2898 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA AR 38 2021 1 47-59
language	English Korean
source	In Journal of Acupuncture Research 38(2021), 1, Seite 47-59 volume:38 year:2021 number:1 pages:47-59
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topic_facet	pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test Miscellaneous systems and treatments Therapeutics. Pharmacology
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container_title	Journal of Acupuncture Research
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Sang Ha Woo @@aut@@ Jung Hee Lee @@aut@@ Cho-in Lee @@aut@@ Yun Kyu Lee @@aut@@ Hyun-Jong Lee @@aut@@ Jae Soo Kim @@aut@@
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Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">pharmacopuncture</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">toxicity</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">morbidity</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">body weight changes</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">hematologic test</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Miscellaneous systems and treatments</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Therapeutics. 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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Sang Ha Woo
spellingShingle	Sang Ha Woo misc RZ409.7-999 misc RM1-950 misc pharmacopuncture misc toxicity misc morbidity misc body weight changes misc hematologic test misc Miscellaneous systems and treatments misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study
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topic_title	RZ409.7-999 RM1-950 Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study pharmacopuncture toxicity morbidity body weight changes hematologic test
topic	misc RZ409.7-999 misc RM1-950 misc pharmacopuncture misc toxicity misc morbidity misc body weight changes misc hematologic test misc Miscellaneous systems and treatments misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology
topic_unstemmed	misc RZ409.7-999 misc RM1-950 misc pharmacopuncture misc toxicity misc morbidity misc body weight changes misc hematologic test misc Miscellaneous systems and treatments misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology
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title	Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study
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title_full	Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study
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title_sort	single-dose and 4-week repeated dose toxicity of aconitum sinomontanum nakai pharmacopuncture: an experimental study
callnumber	RZ409.7-999
title_auth	Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study
abstract	Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day.
abstractGer	Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day.
abstract_unstemmed	Background This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) pharmacopuncture. Methods To investigate the toxicity of ASN pharmacopuncture, single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments were conducted on BALB/c mice. In the single-dose toxicity experiment, mice were assigned 1 of 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture were administered to the mice in the experimental groups at acupoint ST36, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. After a 4-week repeated dose regimen, the mice were assigned into 4 groups (5 males, 5 females per group). Then, 15.625, 31.25, and 62.5 mg/kg of ASN pharmacopuncture at ST36 were administered to the mice in the experimental groups, while 0.2 mL of normal saline was administered to the control group at ST36. Mortality, morbidity, general body and organ weight changes (after 4 weeks repeated dose), serum hematological and biochemical values, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney were observed. Results In both single and 4-week repeated dose toxicity experiments, no deaths or symptoms occurred in any of the groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of body and organ weights, serum hematological and biochemical values, and specific organ histopathological changes. Conclusion ASN pharmacopuncture injection did not demonstrate significant toxicity in BALB/c mice compared with the control group, with a no-observed-adverse-effect level for a single dose of <125 mg/kg, and for 4 weeks repeated dose it was more than 62.5 mg/kg/day.
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title_short	Single-dose and 4-week repeated dose Toxicity of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture: An Experimental Study
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