Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro
Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. Ho...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Sung-Kyu Chae [verfasserIn] Hyo-Jin Park [verfasserIn] Jin-Woo Kim [verfasserIn] Jae-Hyun Ahn [verfasserIn] Soo-Yong Park [verfasserIn] Jae-Young Park [verfasserIn] Seul-Gi Yang [verfasserIn] Deog-Bon Koo [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch ; Koreanisch |
Erschienen: |
2015 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology - The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, 2020, 30(2015), 4, Seite 319-325 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:30 ; year:2015 ; number:4 ; pages:319-325 |
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Link aufrufen |
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DOI / URN: |
10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ069032718 |
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520 | |a Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. | ||
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10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069032718 (DE-599)DOAJ6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor TP248.13-248.65 R5-920 RC31-1245 Sung-Kyu Chae verfasserin aut Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. ganglioside st3gal5 apoptosis oocyte maturation porcine Biotechnology Medicine (General) Internal medicine Hyo-Jin Park verfasserin aut Jin-Woo Kim verfasserin aut Jae-Hyun Ahn verfasserin aut Soo-Yong Park verfasserin aut Jae-Young Park verfasserin aut Seul-Gi Yang verfasserin aut Deog-Bon Koo verfasserin aut In Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, 2020 30(2015), 4, Seite 319-325 (DE-627)1695262255 26714663 nnns volume:30 year:2015 number:4 pages:319-325 https://doi.org/10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf kostenfrei http://www.e-jarb.org/journal/view.html?uid=1502&vmd=Full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4639 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4663 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 30 2015 4 319-325 |
spelling |
10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069032718 (DE-599)DOAJ6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor TP248.13-248.65 R5-920 RC31-1245 Sung-Kyu Chae verfasserin aut Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. ganglioside st3gal5 apoptosis oocyte maturation porcine Biotechnology Medicine (General) Internal medicine Hyo-Jin Park verfasserin aut Jin-Woo Kim verfasserin aut Jae-Hyun Ahn verfasserin aut Soo-Yong Park verfasserin aut Jae-Young Park verfasserin aut Seul-Gi Yang verfasserin aut Deog-Bon Koo verfasserin aut In Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, 2020 30(2015), 4, Seite 319-325 (DE-627)1695262255 26714663 nnns volume:30 year:2015 number:4 pages:319-325 https://doi.org/10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf kostenfrei http://www.e-jarb.org/journal/view.html?uid=1502&vmd=Full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4639 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4663 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 30 2015 4 319-325 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069032718 (DE-599)DOAJ6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor TP248.13-248.65 R5-920 RC31-1245 Sung-Kyu Chae verfasserin aut Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. ganglioside st3gal5 apoptosis oocyte maturation porcine Biotechnology Medicine (General) Internal medicine Hyo-Jin Park verfasserin aut Jin-Woo Kim verfasserin aut Jae-Hyun Ahn verfasserin aut Soo-Yong Park verfasserin aut Jae-Young Park verfasserin aut Seul-Gi Yang verfasserin aut Deog-Bon Koo verfasserin aut In Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, 2020 30(2015), 4, Seite 319-325 (DE-627)1695262255 26714663 nnns volume:30 year:2015 number:4 pages:319-325 https://doi.org/10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf kostenfrei http://www.e-jarb.org/journal/view.html?uid=1502&vmd=Full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4639 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4663 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 30 2015 4 319-325 |
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10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069032718 (DE-599)DOAJ6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor TP248.13-248.65 R5-920 RC31-1245 Sung-Kyu Chae verfasserin aut Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. ganglioside st3gal5 apoptosis oocyte maturation porcine Biotechnology Medicine (General) Internal medicine Hyo-Jin Park verfasserin aut Jin-Woo Kim verfasserin aut Jae-Hyun Ahn verfasserin aut Soo-Yong Park verfasserin aut Jae-Young Park verfasserin aut Seul-Gi Yang verfasserin aut Deog-Bon Koo verfasserin aut In Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, 2020 30(2015), 4, Seite 319-325 (DE-627)1695262255 26714663 nnns volume:30 year:2015 number:4 pages:319-325 https://doi.org/10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf kostenfrei http://www.e-jarb.org/journal/view.html?uid=1502&vmd=Full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4639 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4663 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 30 2015 4 319-325 |
allfieldsSound |
10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069032718 (DE-599)DOAJ6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng kor TP248.13-248.65 R5-920 RC31-1245 Sung-Kyu Chae verfasserin aut Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. ganglioside st3gal5 apoptosis oocyte maturation porcine Biotechnology Medicine (General) Internal medicine Hyo-Jin Park verfasserin aut Jin-Woo Kim verfasserin aut Jae-Hyun Ahn verfasserin aut Soo-Yong Park verfasserin aut Jae-Young Park verfasserin aut Seul-Gi Yang verfasserin aut Deog-Bon Koo verfasserin aut In Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology, 2020 30(2015), 4, Seite 319-325 (DE-627)1695262255 26714663 nnns volume:30 year:2015 number:4 pages:319-325 https://doi.org/10.12750/JET.2015.30.4.319 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6bbfd6fffdcd43068cb9ddff667655bf kostenfrei http://www.e-jarb.org/journal/view.html?uid=1502&vmd=Full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4639 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2671-4663 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 30 2015 4 319-325 |
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Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. 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Sung-Kyu Chae misc TP248.13-248.65 misc R5-920 misc RC31-1245 misc ganglioside misc st3gal5 misc apoptosis misc oocyte maturation misc porcine misc Biotechnology misc Medicine (General) misc Internal medicine Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro |
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Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro |
abstract |
Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. |
abstractGer |
Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Gangliosides exist in glycosphingolipid-enriched domains on the cell membrane and regulate various functions such as adhesion, differentiation, and receptor signaling. Ganglioside GM3 by ST3GAL5 enzyme provides an essential function in the biosynthesis of more complex ganglio-series gangliosides. However, the role of gangliosides GM3 in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation and early embryo development stage has not yet understood clear. Therefore, we examined ganglioside GM3 expression patterns under apoptosis stress during maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes and embryos. First, porcine oocytes cultured in the NCSU-23 medium for 44 h after H2O2 treated groups (0.01, 0.1, 1 mM). After completion of meiotic maturation, the proportion MII (44 h) was significantly different among control and the H2O2 treated groups (76.8±0.3 vs 69.1±0.4; 0.01 mM, 55.7±1.0; 0.1 mM, 38.2±1.6%; 1 mM, P<0.05). The expressions of ST3GAL5 in H2O2 treated groups were gradually decreased compared with control group. Next, changes of ST3GAL5 expression patterns were detected by using immunofluorescene (IF) staining during preimplantation development until blastocyst. As a result, we confirmed that the expressions of ST3GAL5 in cleaving embryos were gradually decreased (P<0.05) according to the early embryo development progress. Based on these results, we suggest that the ganglioside GM3 was used to the marker as pro-apoptotic factor in porcine oocyte of maturation and early embryo production in vitro, respectively. Furthermore, our findings will be helpful for better understanding the basic mechanism of gangliosides GM3 regulating in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of porcine in vitro. |
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Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development In Vitro |
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