Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications

WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliated by a combined ball milling and sonication technique to produce few-layer WS<sub<2</sub< is characterized and assembled as chemo-resistive NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensors. Microstructural analyses reveal flak...
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Autor*in:	Valentina Paolucci [verfasserIn] Seyed Mahmoud Emamjomeh [verfasserIn] Michele Nardone [verfasserIn] Luca Ottaviano [verfasserIn] Carlo Cantalini [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	2D-materials WS exfoliation gas sensors NO H cross sensitivity

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Nanomaterials - MDPI AG, 2012, 9(2019), 10, p 1363
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:9 ; year:2019 ; number:10, p 1363

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/nano9101363

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ069630275

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allfieldsGer	10.3390/nano9101363 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069630275 (DE-599)DOAJ977d8726971d48229627fc908efa1c6a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD1-999 Valentina Paolucci verfasserin aut Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliated by a combined ball milling and sonication technique to produce few-layer WS<sub<2</sub< is characterized and assembled as chemo-resistive NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensors. Microstructural analyses reveal flakes with average dimensions of 110 nm, “aspect ratio” of lateral dimension to the thickness of 27. Due to spontaneous oxidation of exfoliated WS<sub<2</sub< to amorphous WO<sub<3</sub<, films have been pre-annealed at 180 °C to stabilize WO<sub<3</sub< content at ≈58%, as determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and grazing incidence X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Microstructural analysis repeated after one-year conditioning highlighted that amorphous WO<sub<3</sub< concentration is stable, attesting the validity of the pre-annealing procedure. WS<sub<2</sub< films were NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity tested at 150 °C operating Temperature (OT), exhibiting experimental detection limits of 200 ppb and 5 ppm to NO<sub<2</sub< and H<sub<2</sub< in dry air, respectively. Long-term stability of the electrical response recorded over one year of sustained conditions at 150 °C OT and different gases demonstrated good reproducibility of the electrical signal. The role played by WO<sub<3</sub< and WS<sub<2</sub< upon gas response has been addressed and a likely reaction gas-mechanism presented. Controlling the microstructure and surface oxidation of exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) represents a stepping-stone to assess the reproducibility and long-term response of TMDs monolayers in gas sensing applications. 2D-materials WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliation gas sensors NO<sub<2</sub< H<sub<2</sub< cross sensitivity Chemistry Seyed Mahmoud Emamjomeh verfasserin aut Michele Nardone verfasserin aut Luca Ottaviano verfasserin aut Carlo Cantalini verfasserin aut In Nanomaterials MDPI AG, 2012 9(2019), 10, p 1363 (DE-627)718627199 (DE-600)2662255-5 20794991 nnns volume:9 year:2019 number:10, p 1363 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101363 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/977d8726971d48229627fc908efa1c6a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/10/1363 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2019 10, p 1363
allfieldsSound	10.3390/nano9101363 doi (DE-627)DOAJ069630275 (DE-599)DOAJ977d8726971d48229627fc908efa1c6a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QD1-999 Valentina Paolucci verfasserin aut Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliated by a combined ball milling and sonication technique to produce few-layer WS<sub<2</sub< is characterized and assembled as chemo-resistive NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensors. Microstructural analyses reveal flakes with average dimensions of 110 nm, “aspect ratio” of lateral dimension to the thickness of 27. Due to spontaneous oxidation of exfoliated WS<sub<2</sub< to amorphous WO<sub<3</sub<, films have been pre-annealed at 180 °C to stabilize WO<sub<3</sub< content at ≈58%, as determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and grazing incidence X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Microstructural analysis repeated after one-year conditioning highlighted that amorphous WO<sub<3</sub< concentration is stable, attesting the validity of the pre-annealing procedure. WS<sub<2</sub< films were NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity tested at 150 °C operating Temperature (OT), exhibiting experimental detection limits of 200 ppb and 5 ppm to NO<sub<2</sub< and H<sub<2</sub< in dry air, respectively. Long-term stability of the electrical response recorded over one year of sustained conditions at 150 °C OT and different gases demonstrated good reproducibility of the electrical signal. The role played by WO<sub<3</sub< and WS<sub<2</sub< upon gas response has been addressed and a likely reaction gas-mechanism presented. Controlling the microstructure and surface oxidation of exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) represents a stepping-stone to assess the reproducibility and long-term response of TMDs monolayers in gas sensing applications. 2D-materials WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliation gas sensors NO<sub<2</sub< H<sub<2</sub< cross sensitivity Chemistry Seyed Mahmoud Emamjomeh verfasserin aut Michele Nardone verfasserin aut Luca Ottaviano verfasserin aut Carlo Cantalini verfasserin aut In Nanomaterials MDPI AG, 2012 9(2019), 10, p 1363 (DE-627)718627199 (DE-600)2662255-5 20794991 nnns volume:9 year:2019 number:10, p 1363 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101363 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/977d8726971d48229627fc908efa1c6a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/10/1363 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2019 10, p 1363
language	English
source	In Nanomaterials 9(2019), 10, p 1363 volume:9 year:2019 number:10, p 1363
sourceStr	In Nanomaterials 9(2019), 10, p 1363 volume:9 year:2019 number:10, p 1363
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topic_facet	2D-materials WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliation gas sensors NO<sub<2</sub< H<sub<2</sub< cross sensitivity Chemistry
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container_title	Nanomaterials
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Valentina Paolucci @@aut@@ Seyed Mahmoud Emamjomeh @@aut@@ Michele Nardone @@aut@@ Luca Ottaviano @@aut@@ Carlo Cantalini @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Valentina Paolucci
spellingShingle	Valentina Paolucci misc QD1-999 misc 2D-materials misc WS<sub<2</sub< misc exfoliation misc gas sensors misc NO<sub<2</sub< misc H<sub<2</sub< misc cross sensitivity misc Chemistry Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications
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topic_title	QD1-999 Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications 2D-materials WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliation gas sensors NO<sub<2</sub< H<sub<2</sub< cross sensitivity
topic	misc QD1-999 misc 2D-materials misc WS<sub<2</sub< misc exfoliation misc gas sensors misc NO<sub<2</sub< misc H<sub<2</sub< misc cross sensitivity misc Chemistry
topic_unstemmed	misc QD1-999 misc 2D-materials misc WS<sub<2</sub< misc exfoliation misc gas sensors misc NO<sub<2</sub< misc H<sub<2</sub< misc cross sensitivity misc Chemistry
topic_browse	misc QD1-999 misc 2D-materials misc WS<sub<2</sub< misc exfoliation misc gas sensors misc NO<sub<2</sub< misc H<sub<2</sub< misc cross sensitivity misc Chemistry
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
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hierarchy_parent_title	Nanomaterials
hierarchy_parent_id	718627199
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title	Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ069630275 (DE-599)DOAJ977d8726971d48229627fc908efa1c6a
title_full	Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications
author_sort	Valentina Paolucci
journal	Nanomaterials
journalStr	Nanomaterials
callnumber-first-code	Q
lang_code	eng
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publishDateSort	2019
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author_browse	Valentina Paolucci Seyed Mahmoud Emamjomeh Michele Nardone Luca Ottaviano Carlo Cantalini
container_volume	9
class	QD1-999
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Valentina Paolucci
doi_str_mv	10.3390/nano9101363
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	two-step exfoliation of ws<sub<2</sub< for no<sub<2</sub<, h<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensing applications
callnumber	QD1-999
title_auth	Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications
abstract	WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliated by a combined ball milling and sonication technique to produce few-layer WS<sub<2</sub< is characterized and assembled as chemo-resistive NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensors. Microstructural analyses reveal flakes with average dimensions of 110 nm, “aspect ratio” of lateral dimension to the thickness of 27. Due to spontaneous oxidation of exfoliated WS<sub<2</sub< to amorphous WO<sub<3</sub<, films have been pre-annealed at 180 °C to stabilize WO<sub<3</sub< content at ≈58%, as determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and grazing incidence X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Microstructural analysis repeated after one-year conditioning highlighted that amorphous WO<sub<3</sub< concentration is stable, attesting the validity of the pre-annealing procedure. WS<sub<2</sub< films were NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity tested at 150 °C operating Temperature (OT), exhibiting experimental detection limits of 200 ppb and 5 ppm to NO<sub<2</sub< and H<sub<2</sub< in dry air, respectively. Long-term stability of the electrical response recorded over one year of sustained conditions at 150 °C OT and different gases demonstrated good reproducibility of the electrical signal. The role played by WO<sub<3</sub< and WS<sub<2</sub< upon gas response has been addressed and a likely reaction gas-mechanism presented. Controlling the microstructure and surface oxidation of exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) represents a stepping-stone to assess the reproducibility and long-term response of TMDs monolayers in gas sensing applications.
abstractGer	WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliated by a combined ball milling and sonication technique to produce few-layer WS<sub<2</sub< is characterized and assembled as chemo-resistive NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensors. Microstructural analyses reveal flakes with average dimensions of 110 nm, “aspect ratio” of lateral dimension to the thickness of 27. Due to spontaneous oxidation of exfoliated WS<sub<2</sub< to amorphous WO<sub<3</sub<, films have been pre-annealed at 180 °C to stabilize WO<sub<3</sub< content at ≈58%, as determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and grazing incidence X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Microstructural analysis repeated after one-year conditioning highlighted that amorphous WO<sub<3</sub< concentration is stable, attesting the validity of the pre-annealing procedure. WS<sub<2</sub< films were NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity tested at 150 °C operating Temperature (OT), exhibiting experimental detection limits of 200 ppb and 5 ppm to NO<sub<2</sub< and H<sub<2</sub< in dry air, respectively. Long-term stability of the electrical response recorded over one year of sustained conditions at 150 °C OT and different gases demonstrated good reproducibility of the electrical signal. The role played by WO<sub<3</sub< and WS<sub<2</sub< upon gas response has been addressed and a likely reaction gas-mechanism presented. Controlling the microstructure and surface oxidation of exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) represents a stepping-stone to assess the reproducibility and long-term response of TMDs monolayers in gas sensing applications.
abstract_unstemmed	WS<sub<2</sub< exfoliated by a combined ball milling and sonication technique to produce few-layer WS<sub<2</sub< is characterized and assembled as chemo-resistive NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity sensors. Microstructural analyses reveal flakes with average dimensions of 110 nm, “aspect ratio” of lateral dimension to the thickness of 27. Due to spontaneous oxidation of exfoliated WS<sub<2</sub< to amorphous WO<sub<3</sub<, films have been pre-annealed at 180 °C to stabilize WO<sub<3</sub< content at ≈58%, as determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and grazing incidence X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Microstructural analysis repeated after one-year conditioning highlighted that amorphous WO<sub<3</sub< concentration is stable, attesting the validity of the pre-annealing procedure. WS<sub<2</sub< films were NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and humidity tested at 150 °C operating Temperature (OT), exhibiting experimental detection limits of 200 ppb and 5 ppm to NO<sub<2</sub< and H<sub<2</sub< in dry air, respectively. Long-term stability of the electrical response recorded over one year of sustained conditions at 150 °C OT and different gases demonstrated good reproducibility of the electrical signal. The role played by WO<sub<3</sub< and WS<sub<2</sub< upon gas response has been addressed and a likely reaction gas-mechanism presented. Controlling the microstructure and surface oxidation of exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) represents a stepping-stone to assess the reproducibility and long-term response of TMDs monolayers in gas sensing applications.
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container_issue	10, p 1363
title_short	Two-Step Exfoliation of WS<sub<2</sub< for NO<sub<2</sub<, H<sub<2</sub< and Humidity Sensing Applications
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101363 https://doaj.org/article/977d8726971d48229627fc908efa1c6a https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/10/1363 https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991
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author2	Seyed Mahmoud Emamjomeh Michele Nardone Luca Ottaviano Carlo Cantalini
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up_date	2024-07-04T00:04:04.431Z
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