Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community
Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Romain Blaizot [verfasserIn] Cécile Nabet [verfasserIn] Laure Laghoe [verfasserIn] Benjamin Faivre [verfasserIn] Sandie Escotte-Binet [verfasserIn] Felix Djossou [verfasserIn] Emilie Mosnier [verfasserIn] Fanny Henaff [verfasserIn] Denis Blanchet [verfasserIn] Aurélien Mercier [verfasserIn] Marie-Laure Dardé [verfasserIn] Isabelle Villena [verfasserIn] Magalie Demar [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2016, 10(2020) |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:10 ; year:2020 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ072616261 |
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| 520 | |a Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. | ||
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| 700 | 0 | |a Cécile Nabet |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Laure Laghoe |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Benjamin Faivre |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Sandie Escotte-Binet |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 0 | |a Felix Djossou |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Emilie Mosnier |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Emilie Mosnier |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 0 | |a Magalie Demar |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Magalie Demar |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 doi (DE-627)DOAJ072616261 (DE-599)DOAJe398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. indigenous toxoplasmosis outbreak rainforest (Amazon forest) parasitology Microbiology Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Cécile Nabet verfasserin aut Laure Laghoe verfasserin aut Benjamin Faivre verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Felix Djossou verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2016 10(2020) (DE-627)664968554 (DE-600)2619676-1 22352988 nnns volume:10 year:2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 |
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10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 doi (DE-627)DOAJ072616261 (DE-599)DOAJe398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. indigenous toxoplasmosis outbreak rainforest (Amazon forest) parasitology Microbiology Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Cécile Nabet verfasserin aut Laure Laghoe verfasserin aut Benjamin Faivre verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Felix Djossou verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2016 10(2020) (DE-627)664968554 (DE-600)2619676-1 22352988 nnns volume:10 year:2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 |
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10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 doi (DE-627)DOAJ072616261 (DE-599)DOAJe398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. indigenous toxoplasmosis outbreak rainforest (Amazon forest) parasitology Microbiology Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Cécile Nabet verfasserin aut Laure Laghoe verfasserin aut Benjamin Faivre verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Felix Djossou verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2016 10(2020) (DE-627)664968554 (DE-600)2619676-1 22352988 nnns volume:10 year:2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 |
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10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 doi (DE-627)DOAJ072616261 (DE-599)DOAJe398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. indigenous toxoplasmosis outbreak rainforest (Amazon forest) parasitology Microbiology Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Cécile Nabet verfasserin aut Laure Laghoe verfasserin aut Benjamin Faivre verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Felix Djossou verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2016 10(2020) (DE-627)664968554 (DE-600)2619676-1 22352988 nnns volume:10 year:2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 |
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10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 doi (DE-627)DOAJ072616261 (DE-599)DOAJe398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. indigenous toxoplasmosis outbreak rainforest (Amazon forest) parasitology Microbiology Romain Blaizot verfasserin aut Cécile Nabet verfasserin aut Laure Laghoe verfasserin aut Benjamin Faivre verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Sandie Escotte-Binet verfasserin aut Felix Djossou verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Emilie Mosnier verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Fanny Henaff verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Denis Blanchet verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Aurélien Mercier verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Marie-Laure Dardé verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Isabelle Villena verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut Magalie Demar verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2016 10(2020) (DE-627)664968554 (DE-600)2619676-1 22352988 nnns volume:10 year:2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/e398551388344fb2858ee48b52115ff7 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00401/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2020 |
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Romain Blaizot @@aut@@ Cécile Nabet @@aut@@ Laure Laghoe @@aut@@ Benjamin Faivre @@aut@@ Sandie Escotte-Binet @@aut@@ Felix Djossou @@aut@@ Emilie Mosnier @@aut@@ Fanny Henaff @@aut@@ Denis Blanchet @@aut@@ Aurélien Mercier @@aut@@ Marie-Laure Dardé @@aut@@ Isabelle Villena @@aut@@ Magalie Demar @@aut@@ |
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Romain Blaizot |
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Outbreak of Amazonian Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Investigation in a Remote Amerindian Community |
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Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. |
| abstractGer |
Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background:Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of worldwide importance but its burden in indigenous communities remains unclear. In French Guiana, atypical strains of T. gondii originating from a complex rainforest cycle involving wild felids have been linked to severe infections in humans. These cases of Amazonian toxoplasmosis are sporadic and outbreaks are rarely described. We report on the investigation of an outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis in a remote Amerindian village. We discuss the causes and consequences of this emergence.Methods: In May 2017, during the rainy season and following an episode of flooding, four simultaneous cases of acute toxoplasmosis were serologically confirmed in two families living the village. Other non-diagnosed cases were then actively screened by a medical team along with epidemiological investigations. Inhabitants from nine households were tested for T. gondii antibodies and parasite DNA by PCR when appropriate. Samples of water, cat feces and cat rectal swabs, soil, and meat were tested for T. gondii DNA by PCR. Positive PCR samples with sufficient DNA amounts were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers.Results: Between early May and early July 2017, out of 54 tested inhabitants, 20 cases were serologically confirmed. A fetus infected at gestational week 10 died but other cases were mild. Four patients tested positive for parasite DNA and two identical strains belonging to an atypical genotype could be isolated from unrelated patients. While domestic cats had recently appeared in the vicinity, most families drank water from unsafe sources. Parasite DNA was recovered from one water sample and nine soil samples. Three meat samples tested positive, including wild and industrial meat.Conclusions: The emergence of toxoplasmosis in such a community living in close contact with the Amazon rainforest is probably multifactorial. Sedentary settlements have been built in the last few decades without providing safe water sources, increasing the risk of parasite circulation in cases of dangerous new habits such as cat domestication. Public health actions should be implemented in these communities such as safe water supply, health recommendations, and epidemiological surveillance of acute toxoplasmosis. A “One Health” strategy of research involving medical anthropology, veterinary medicine, and public health needs to be pursued for a better understanding of the transmission routes and the emergence of this zoonosis. |
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