Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data

It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s). Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Weizeng Shao [verfasserIn] Tao Jiang [verfasserIn] Yu Zhang [verfasserIn] Jian Shi [verfasserIn] Weili Wang [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	typhoon significant wave height drag coefficient WAVEWATCH-III

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Atmosphere - MDPI AG, 2011, 12(2021), 12, p 1610
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2021 ; number:12, p 1610

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/atmos12121610

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ074409840

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520			\|a It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s).
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allfields	10.3390/atmos12121610 doi (DE-627)DOAJ074409840 (DE-599)DOAJffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s). typhoon significant wave height drag coefficient WAVEWATCH-III Meteorology. Climatology Tao Jiang verfasserin aut Yu Zhang verfasserin aut Jian Shi verfasserin aut Weili Wang verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 12, p 1610 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:12, p 1610 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 12, p 1610
spelling	10.3390/atmos12121610 doi (DE-627)DOAJ074409840 (DE-599)DOAJffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s). typhoon significant wave height drag coefficient WAVEWATCH-III Meteorology. Climatology Tao Jiang verfasserin aut Yu Zhang verfasserin aut Jian Shi verfasserin aut Weili Wang verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 12, p 1610 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:12, p 1610 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 12, p 1610
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/atmos12121610 doi (DE-627)DOAJ074409840 (DE-599)DOAJffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s). typhoon significant wave height drag coefficient WAVEWATCH-III Meteorology. Climatology Tao Jiang verfasserin aut Yu Zhang verfasserin aut Jian Shi verfasserin aut Weili Wang verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 12, p 1610 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:12, p 1610 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 12, p 1610
allfieldsGer	10.3390/atmos12121610 doi (DE-627)DOAJ074409840 (DE-599)DOAJffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s). typhoon significant wave height drag coefficient WAVEWATCH-III Meteorology. Climatology Tao Jiang verfasserin aut Yu Zhang verfasserin aut Jian Shi verfasserin aut Weili Wang verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 12, p 1610 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:12, p 1610 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 12, p 1610
allfieldsSound	10.3390/atmos12121610 doi (DE-627)DOAJ074409840 (DE-599)DOAJffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s). typhoon significant wave height drag coefficient WAVEWATCH-III Meteorology. Climatology Tao Jiang verfasserin aut Yu Zhang verfasserin aut Jian Shi verfasserin aut Weili Wang verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 12(2021), 12, p 1610 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:12 year:2021 number:12, p 1610 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1610 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2021 12, p 1610
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title	Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data
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author_browse	Weizeng Shao Tao Jiang Yu Zhang Jian Shi Weili Wang
container_volume	12
class	QC851-999
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author-letter	Weizeng Shao
doi_str_mv	10.3390/atmos12121610
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	cyclonic wave simulations based on wavewatch-iii using a sea surface drag coefficient derived from cfosat swim data
callnumber	QC851-999
title_auth	Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data
abstract	It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s).
abstractGer	It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s).
abstract_unstemmed	It is well known that numerical models are powerful methods for wave simulation of typhoons, where the sea surface drag coefficient is sensitive to strong winds. With the development of remote sensing techniques, typhoon data (i.e., wind and waves) have been captured by optical and microwave satellites such as the Chinese-French Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT). In particular, wind and wave spectra data can be simultaneously measured by the Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard CFOSAT. In this study, existing parameterizations for the drag coefficient are implemented for typhoon wave simulations using the WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model. In particular, a parameterization of the drag coefficient derived from sea surface roughness is adopted by considering the terms for wave steepness and wave age from the measurements from SWIM products of CFOSAT from 20 typhoons during 2019–2020 at winds up to 30 m/s. The simulated significant wave height (<i<H<sub<s</sub<</i<) from the WW3 model was validated against the observations from several moored buoys active during three typhoons, i.e., Typhoon Fung-wong (2014), Chan-hom (2015), and Lekima (2019). The analysis results indicated that the proposed parameterization of the drag coefficient significantly improved the accuracy of typhoon wave estimation (a 0.49 m root mean square error (RMSE) of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and a 0.35 scatter index (SI)), greater than the 0.55 RMSE of <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< and <0.4 SI using other existing parameterizations. In this sense, the adopted parameterization for the drag coefficient is recommended for typhoon wave simulations using the WW3 model, especially for sea states with <i<H<sub<s</sub<</i< < 7 m. Moreover, the accuracy of simulated waves was not reduced with growing winds and sea states using the proposed parameterization. However, the applicability of the proposed parameterization in hurricanes necessitates further investigation at high winds (<30 m/s).
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container_issue	12, p 1610
title_short	Cyclonic Wave Simulations Based on WAVEWATCH-III Using a Sea Surface Drag Coefficient Derived from CFOSAT SWIM Data
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121610 https://doaj.org/article/ffabd5e0cd4c40f8b4af0ba435b24975 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1610 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433
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up_date	2024-07-03T22:58:33.747Z
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