Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study

Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Esther Muthumbi [verfasserIn] Brett S. Lowe [verfasserIn] Cyprian Muyodi [verfasserIn] Esther Getambu [verfasserIn] Fergus Gleeson [verfasserIn] J. Anthony G. Scott [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2017

Schlagwörter:	Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Pneumonia - BMC, 2014, 9(2017), 1, Seite 9
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:9 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; pages:9

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ07546151X

Internformat


LEADER	01000caa a22002652 4500
001	DOAJ07546151X
003	DE-627
005	20230502154026.0
007	cr uuu---uuuuu
008	230228s2017 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c
024	7		\|a 10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 \|2 doi
035			\|a (DE-627)DOAJ07546151X
035			\|a (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d
040			\|a DE-627 \|b ger \|c DE-627 \|e rakwb
041			\|a eng
050		0	\|a RC705-779
100	0		\|a Esther Muthumbi \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study
264		1	\|c 2017
336			\|a Text \|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|a Computermedien \|b c \|2 rdamedia
338			\|a Online-Ressource \|b cr \|2 rdacarrier
520			\|a Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors.
650		4	\|a Community acquired pneumonia
650		4	\|a Adults
650		4	\|a Africa
650		4	\|a Risk factors
650		4	\|a Air pollution
653		0	\|a Diseases of the respiratory system
700	0		\|a Brett S. Lowe \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Cyprian Muyodi \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Esther Getambu \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a Fergus Gleeson \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	0		\|a J. Anthony G. Scott \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i In \|t Pneumonia \|d BMC, 2014 \|g 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 \|w (DE-627)812500563 \|w (DE-600)2803296-2 \|x 22006133 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:9 \|g year:2017 \|g number:1 \|g pages:9
856	4	0	\|u https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 \|z kostenfrei
856	4	0	\|u https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d \|z kostenfrei
856	4	0	\|u http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 \|z kostenfrei
856	4	2	\|u https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133 \|y Journal toc \|z kostenfrei
912			\|a GBV_USEFLAG_A
912			\|a SYSFLAG_A
912			\|a GBV_DOAJ
912			\|a SSG-OLC-PHA
912			\|a GBV_ILN_20
912			\|a GBV_ILN_22
912			\|a GBV_ILN_23
912			\|a GBV_ILN_24
912			\|a GBV_ILN_39
912			\|a GBV_ILN_40
912			\|a GBV_ILN_60
912			\|a GBV_ILN_62
912			\|a GBV_ILN_63
912			\|a GBV_ILN_65
912			\|a GBV_ILN_69
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_74
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_161
912			\|a GBV_ILN_170
912			\|a GBV_ILN_206
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_285
912			\|a GBV_ILN_293
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4012
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4125
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4126
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4249
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4306
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4307
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4313
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4322
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4323
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4324
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4325
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4338
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4367
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4700
951			\|a AR
952			\|d 9 \|j 2017 \|e 1 \|h 9

Indexfelder

author_variant	e m em b s l bsl c m cm e g eg f g fg j a g s jags
matchkey_str	article:22006133:2017----::ikatrfromntaqiepemnamnautik
hierarchy_sort_str	2017
callnumber-subject-code	RC
publishDate	2017
allfields	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ07546151X (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC705-779 Esther Muthumbi verfasserin aut Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors. Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution Diseases of the respiratory system Brett S. Lowe verfasserin aut Cyprian Muyodi verfasserin aut Esther Getambu verfasserin aut Fergus Gleeson verfasserin aut J. Anthony G. Scott verfasserin aut In Pneumonia BMC, 2014 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)812500563 (DE-600)2803296-2 22006133 nnns volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2017 1 9
spelling	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ07546151X (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC705-779 Esther Muthumbi verfasserin aut Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors. Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution Diseases of the respiratory system Brett S. Lowe verfasserin aut Cyprian Muyodi verfasserin aut Esther Getambu verfasserin aut Fergus Gleeson verfasserin aut J. Anthony G. Scott verfasserin aut In Pneumonia BMC, 2014 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)812500563 (DE-600)2803296-2 22006133 nnns volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2017 1 9
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ07546151X (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC705-779 Esther Muthumbi verfasserin aut Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors. Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution Diseases of the respiratory system Brett S. Lowe verfasserin aut Cyprian Muyodi verfasserin aut Esther Getambu verfasserin aut Fergus Gleeson verfasserin aut J. Anthony G. Scott verfasserin aut In Pneumonia BMC, 2014 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)812500563 (DE-600)2803296-2 22006133 nnns volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2017 1 9
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ07546151X (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC705-779 Esther Muthumbi verfasserin aut Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors. Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution Diseases of the respiratory system Brett S. Lowe verfasserin aut Cyprian Muyodi verfasserin aut Esther Getambu verfasserin aut Fergus Gleeson verfasserin aut J. Anthony G. Scott verfasserin aut In Pneumonia BMC, 2014 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)812500563 (DE-600)2803296-2 22006133 nnns volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2017 1 9
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 doi (DE-627)DOAJ07546151X (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC705-779 Esther Muthumbi verfasserin aut Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors. Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution Diseases of the respiratory system Brett S. Lowe verfasserin aut Cyprian Muyodi verfasserin aut Esther Getambu verfasserin aut Fergus Gleeson verfasserin aut J. Anthony G. Scott verfasserin aut In Pneumonia BMC, 2014 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 (DE-627)812500563 (DE-600)2803296-2 22006133 nnns volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2017 1 9
language	English
source	In Pneumonia 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9
sourceStr	In Pneumonia 9(2017), 1, Seite 9 volume:9 year:2017 number:1 pages:9
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution Diseases of the respiratory system
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Pneumonia
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Esther Muthumbi @@aut@@ Brett S. Lowe @@aut@@ Cyprian Muyodi @@aut@@ Esther Getambu @@aut@@ Fergus Gleeson @@aut@@ J. Anthony G. Scott @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	812500563
id	DOAJ07546151X
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ07546151X</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230502154026.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230228s2017 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ07546151X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC705-779</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Esther Muthumbi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2017</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Community acquired pneumonia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Adults</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Africa</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Risk factors</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Air pollution</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Diseases of the respiratory system</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Brett S. Lowe</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cyprian Muyodi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Esther Getambu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Fergus Gleeson</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">J. Anthony G. Scott</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Pneumonia</subfield><subfield code="d">BMC, 2014</subfield><subfield code="g">9(2017), 1, Seite 9</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)812500563</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2803296-2</subfield><subfield code="x">22006133</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:9</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2017</subfield><subfield code="g">number:1</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133</subfield><subfield code="y">Journal toc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_DOAJ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_39</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_60</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_63</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_65</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_69</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_73</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_74</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_95</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_105</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_151</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_161</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_170</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_206</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_230</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_285</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_293</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4037</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4112</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4125</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4126</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4249</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4306</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4307</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4322</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4323</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4324</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4325</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4338</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4367</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4700</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">9</subfield><subfield code="j">2017</subfield><subfield code="e">1</subfield><subfield code="h">9</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Esther Muthumbi
spellingShingle	Esther Muthumbi misc RC705-779 misc Community acquired pneumonia misc Adults misc Africa misc Risk factors misc Air pollution misc Diseases of the respiratory system Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study
authorStr	Esther Muthumbi
ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv	@@773@@(DE-627)812500563
format	electronic Article
delete_txt_mv	keep
author_role	aut aut aut aut aut aut
collection	DOAJ
remote_str	true
callnumber-label	RC705-779
illustrated	Not Illustrated
issn	22006133
topic_title	RC705-779 Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study Community acquired pneumonia Adults Africa Risk factors Air pollution
topic	misc RC705-779 misc Community acquired pneumonia misc Adults misc Africa misc Risk factors misc Air pollution misc Diseases of the respiratory system
topic_unstemmed	misc RC705-779 misc Community acquired pneumonia misc Adults misc Africa misc Risk factors misc Air pollution misc Diseases of the respiratory system
topic_browse	misc RC705-779 misc Community acquired pneumonia misc Adults misc Africa misc Risk factors misc Air pollution misc Diseases of the respiratory system
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
format_main_str_mv	Text Zeitschrift/Artikel
carriertype_str_mv	cr
hierarchy_parent_title	Pneumonia
hierarchy_parent_id	812500563
hierarchy_top_title	Pneumonia
isfreeaccess_txt	true
familylinks_str_mv	(DE-627)812500563 (DE-600)2803296-2
title	Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ07546151X (DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d
title_full	Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study
author_sort	Esther Muthumbi
journal	Pneumonia
journalStr	Pneumonia
callnumber-first-code	R
lang_code	eng
isOA_bool	true
recordtype	marc
publishDateSort	2017
contenttype_str_mv	txt
container_start_page	9
author_browse	Esther Muthumbi Brett S. Lowe Cyprian Muyodi Esther Getambu Fergus Gleeson J. Anthony G. Scott
container_volume	9
class	RC705-779
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Esther Muthumbi
doi_str_mv	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in kenya: a case–control study
callnumber	RC705-779
title_auth	Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study
abstract	Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors.
abstractGer	Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors.
collection_details	GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700
container_issue	1
title_short	Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study
url	https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2 https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133
remote_bool	true
author2	Brett S. Lowe Cyprian Muyodi Esther Getambu Fergus Gleeson J. Anthony G. Scott
author2Str	Brett S. Lowe Cyprian Muyodi Esther Getambu Fergus Gleeson J. Anthony G. Scott
ppnlink	812500563
callnumber-subject	RC - Internal Medicine
mediatype_str_mv	c
isOA_txt	true
hochschulschrift_bool	false
doi_str	10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2
callnumber-a	RC705-779
up_date	2024-07-03T15:02:33.721Z
_version_	1803570594427437056
fullrecord_marcxml	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ07546151X</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230502154026.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230228s2017 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ07546151X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJa8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC705-779</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Esther Muthumbi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2017</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Background Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide; however, the risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in Africa are not well characterized. Methods The authors recruited 281 cases of community-acquired pneumonia and 1202 hospital controls among patients aged ≥15 years who attended Kilifi District Hospital/Coast Provincial General Hospital in Kenya between 1994 and 6. Cases were admissions with an acute illness with ≥2 respiratory signs and evidence of consolidation on a chest radiograph. Controls were patients without signs of pneumonia, frequency matched by age, sex and hospital. Risk factors related to socio-demographic factors, drug use, clinical history, contact patterns and exposures to indoor air pollution were investigated by questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory assays. Associations were evaluated using a hierarchical logistic regression model. Results Pneumonia was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–3.08), anemia (OR 1.91, 1.31–2.74), splenomegaly (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14–3.41), recent history of pneumonia (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.66–12.5), history of pneumonia <2 years previously (OR 17.13, 95% CI 5.01–60.26), coryza in the 2 weeks preceding hospitalization (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.03), current smoking (2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.70), use of khat (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.72–7.15), use of snuff (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.35–5.49) and contact with several animal species. Presence of a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar was associated with protection (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82). The risk factors varied significantly by sex. Conclusion Pneumonia in Kenyan adults was associated with global risk factors, such as HIV and smoking, but also with specific local factors like drug use and contact with animals. Intervention strategies should account for sex-specific differences in risk factors.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Community acquired pneumonia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Adults</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Africa</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Risk factors</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Air pollution</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Diseases of the respiratory system</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Brett S. Lowe</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cyprian Muyodi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Esther Getambu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Fergus Gleeson</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">J. Anthony G. Scott</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Pneumonia</subfield><subfield code="d">BMC, 2014</subfield><subfield code="g">9(2017), 1, Seite 9</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)812500563</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2803296-2</subfield><subfield code="x">22006133</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:9</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2017</subfield><subfield code="g">number:1</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/a8a5182ae60e41b481ce928c8da4165d</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-017-0041-2</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/toc/2200-6133</subfield><subfield code="y">Journal toc</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_DOAJ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_39</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_60</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_63</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_65</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_69</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_73</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_74</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_95</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_105</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_110</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_151</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_161</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_170</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_206</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_230</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_285</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_293</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_602</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4037</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4112</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4125</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4126</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4249</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4306</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4307</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4322</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4323</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4324</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4325</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4338</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4367</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4700</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">9</subfield><subfield code="j">2017</subfield><subfield code="e">1</subfield><subfield code="h">9</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
score	7.400667

Nicht das Richtige dabei?

Schreiben Sie uns!

Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Kenya: a case–control study

Nicht das Richtige dabei?

Zugang & Verfügbarkeit

Vorhandene Bände

Nicht das Richtige dabei?