Heme Uptake and Utilization by Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens

Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the host utilizes various strategies to sequester iron in a process termed, nutritional immunity. To circumvent t...
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Autor*in:	Kaylie L. Richard [verfasserIn] Brittni R. Kelley [verfasserIn] Jeremiah G. Johnson [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	iron heme hemolysins heme oxygenase hemophores heme transport

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2016, 9(2019)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:9 ; year:2019

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fcimb.2019.00081

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ077273591

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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Kaylie L. Richard
spellingShingle	Kaylie L. Richard misc QR1-502 misc iron misc heme misc hemolysins misc heme oxygenase misc hemophores misc heme transport misc Microbiology Heme Uptake and Utilization by Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens
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topic_title	QR1-502 Heme Uptake and Utilization by Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens iron heme hemolysins heme oxygenase hemophores heme transport
topic	misc QR1-502 misc iron misc heme misc hemolysins misc heme oxygenase misc hemophores misc heme transport misc Microbiology
topic_unstemmed	misc QR1-502 misc iron misc heme misc hemolysins misc heme oxygenase misc hemophores misc heme transport misc Microbiology
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title	Heme Uptake and Utilization by Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens
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title_sort	heme uptake and utilization by gram-negative bacterial pathogens
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title_auth	Heme Uptake and Utilization by Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens
abstract	Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the host utilizes various strategies to sequester iron in a process termed, nutritional immunity. To circumvent these defenses, Gram-negative pathogens have evolved numerous mechanisms to obtain iron from heme. In this review we outline the systems that exist in several Gram-negative pathogens that are associated with heme transport and utilization, beginning with hemolysis and concluding with heme degradation. In addition, Gram-negative pathogens must also closely regulate the intracellular concentrations of iron and heme, since high levels of iron can lead to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. As such, we also provide several examples of regulatory pathways that control heme utilization, showing that co-regulation with other cellular processes is complex and often not completely understood.
abstractGer	Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the host utilizes various strategies to sequester iron in a process termed, nutritional immunity. To circumvent these defenses, Gram-negative pathogens have evolved numerous mechanisms to obtain iron from heme. In this review we outline the systems that exist in several Gram-negative pathogens that are associated with heme transport and utilization, beginning with hemolysis and concluding with heme degradation. In addition, Gram-negative pathogens must also closely regulate the intracellular concentrations of iron and heme, since high levels of iron can lead to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. As such, we also provide several examples of regulatory pathways that control heme utilization, showing that co-regulation with other cellular processes is complex and often not completely understood.
abstract_unstemmed	Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the host utilizes various strategies to sequester iron in a process termed, nutritional immunity. To circumvent these defenses, Gram-negative pathogens have evolved numerous mechanisms to obtain iron from heme. In this review we outline the systems that exist in several Gram-negative pathogens that are associated with heme transport and utilization, beginning with hemolysis and concluding with heme degradation. In addition, Gram-negative pathogens must also closely regulate the intracellular concentrations of iron and heme, since high levels of iron can lead to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. As such, we also provide several examples of regulatory pathways that control heme utilization, showing that co-regulation with other cellular processes is complex and often not completely understood.
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title_short	Heme Uptake and Utilization by Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens
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