Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution
Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dio...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) [verfasserIn] Maged Younes [verfasserIn] Gabriele Aquilina [verfasserIn] Laurence Castle [verfasserIn] Karl‐Heinz Engel [verfasserIn] Paul Fowler [verfasserIn] Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez [verfasserIn] Rainer Gürtler [verfasserIn] Ursula Gundert‐Remy [verfasserIn] Trine Husøy [verfasserIn] Wim Mennes [verfasserIn] Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson [verfasserIn] Sandra Rainieri [verfasserIn] Romina Shah [verfasserIn] Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen [verfasserIn] Detlef Wölfle [verfasserIn] Eric Gaffet [verfasserIn] Jan Mast [verfasserIn] Ruud Peters [verfasserIn] Ana Maria Rincon [verfasserIn] Peter Fürst [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2019 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: EFSA Journal - Wiley, 2018, 17(2019), 7, Seite n/a-n/a |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:17 ; year:2019 ; number:7 ; pages:n/a-n/a |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ077377885 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution |
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| 520 | |a Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Titanium dioxide | |
| 650 | 4 | |a E 171 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a food additive | |
| 650 | 4 | |a particle size | |
| 650 | 4 | |a specifications | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Nutrition. Foods and food supply | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Chemical technology | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Maged Younes |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Gabriele Aquilina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Laurence Castle |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Karl‐Heinz Engel |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Paul Fowler |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Rainer Gürtler |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Ursula Gundert‐Remy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Trine Husøy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Wim Mennes |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Sandra Rainieri |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Romina Shah |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Detlef Wölfle |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Eric Gaffet |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Jan Mast |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Ruud Peters |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Ana Maria Rincon |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Peter Fürst |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 doi (DE-627)DOAJ077377885 (DE-599)DOAJ74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) verfasserin aut Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. Titanium dioxide E 171 food additive particle size specifications Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Maged Younes verfasserin aut Gabriele Aquilina verfasserin aut Laurence Castle verfasserin aut Karl‐Heinz Engel verfasserin aut Paul Fowler verfasserin aut Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez verfasserin aut Rainer Gürtler verfasserin aut Ursula Gundert‐Remy verfasserin aut Trine Husøy verfasserin aut Wim Mennes verfasserin aut Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson verfasserin aut Sandra Rainieri verfasserin aut Romina Shah verfasserin aut Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen verfasserin aut Detlef Wölfle verfasserin aut Eric Gaffet verfasserin aut Jan Mast verfasserin aut Ruud Peters verfasserin aut Ana Maria Rincon verfasserin aut Peter Fürst verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 17(2019), 7, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:17 year:2019 number:7 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2019 7 n/a-n/a |
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10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 doi (DE-627)DOAJ077377885 (DE-599)DOAJ74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) verfasserin aut Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. Titanium dioxide E 171 food additive particle size specifications Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Maged Younes verfasserin aut Gabriele Aquilina verfasserin aut Laurence Castle verfasserin aut Karl‐Heinz Engel verfasserin aut Paul Fowler verfasserin aut Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez verfasserin aut Rainer Gürtler verfasserin aut Ursula Gundert‐Remy verfasserin aut Trine Husøy verfasserin aut Wim Mennes verfasserin aut Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson verfasserin aut Sandra Rainieri verfasserin aut Romina Shah verfasserin aut Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen verfasserin aut Detlef Wölfle verfasserin aut Eric Gaffet verfasserin aut Jan Mast verfasserin aut Ruud Peters verfasserin aut Ana Maria Rincon verfasserin aut Peter Fürst verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 17(2019), 7, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:17 year:2019 number:7 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2019 7 n/a-n/a |
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10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 doi (DE-627)DOAJ077377885 (DE-599)DOAJ74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) verfasserin aut Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. Titanium dioxide E 171 food additive particle size specifications Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Maged Younes verfasserin aut Gabriele Aquilina verfasserin aut Laurence Castle verfasserin aut Karl‐Heinz Engel verfasserin aut Paul Fowler verfasserin aut Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez verfasserin aut Rainer Gürtler verfasserin aut Ursula Gundert‐Remy verfasserin aut Trine Husøy verfasserin aut Wim Mennes verfasserin aut Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson verfasserin aut Sandra Rainieri verfasserin aut Romina Shah verfasserin aut Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen verfasserin aut Detlef Wölfle verfasserin aut Eric Gaffet verfasserin aut Jan Mast verfasserin aut Ruud Peters verfasserin aut Ana Maria Rincon verfasserin aut Peter Fürst verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 17(2019), 7, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:17 year:2019 number:7 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2019 7 n/a-n/a |
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10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 doi (DE-627)DOAJ077377885 (DE-599)DOAJ74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) verfasserin aut Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. Titanium dioxide E 171 food additive particle size specifications Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Maged Younes verfasserin aut Gabriele Aquilina verfasserin aut Laurence Castle verfasserin aut Karl‐Heinz Engel verfasserin aut Paul Fowler verfasserin aut Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez verfasserin aut Rainer Gürtler verfasserin aut Ursula Gundert‐Remy verfasserin aut Trine Husøy verfasserin aut Wim Mennes verfasserin aut Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson verfasserin aut Sandra Rainieri verfasserin aut Romina Shah verfasserin aut Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen verfasserin aut Detlef Wölfle verfasserin aut Eric Gaffet verfasserin aut Jan Mast verfasserin aut Ruud Peters verfasserin aut Ana Maria Rincon verfasserin aut Peter Fürst verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 17(2019), 7, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:17 year:2019 number:7 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2019 7 n/a-n/a |
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10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 doi (DE-627)DOAJ077377885 (DE-599)DOAJ74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) verfasserin aut Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. Titanium dioxide E 171 food additive particle size specifications Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Maged Younes verfasserin aut Gabriele Aquilina verfasserin aut Laurence Castle verfasserin aut Karl‐Heinz Engel verfasserin aut Paul Fowler verfasserin aut Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez verfasserin aut Rainer Gürtler verfasserin aut Ursula Gundert‐Remy verfasserin aut Trine Husøy verfasserin aut Wim Mennes verfasserin aut Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson verfasserin aut Sandra Rainieri verfasserin aut Romina Shah verfasserin aut Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen verfasserin aut Detlef Wölfle verfasserin aut Eric Gaffet verfasserin aut Jan Mast verfasserin aut Ruud Peters verfasserin aut Ana Maria Rincon verfasserin aut Peter Fürst verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 17(2019), 7, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:17 year:2019 number:7 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2019 7 n/a-n/a |
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EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) @@aut@@ Maged Younes @@aut@@ Gabriele Aquilina @@aut@@ Laurence Castle @@aut@@ Karl‐Heinz Engel @@aut@@ Paul Fowler @@aut@@ Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez @@aut@@ Rainer Gürtler @@aut@@ Ursula Gundert‐Remy @@aut@@ Trine Husøy @@aut@@ Wim Mennes @@aut@@ Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson @@aut@@ Sandra Rainieri @@aut@@ Romina Shah @@aut@@ Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen @@aut@@ Detlef Wölfle @@aut@@ Eric Gaffet @@aut@@ Jan Mast @@aut@@ Ruud Peters @@aut@@ Ana Maria Rincon @@aut@@ Peter Fürst @@aut@@ |
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Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. 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TX341-641 TP1-1185 Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution Titanium dioxide E 171 food additive particle size specifications |
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EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) Maged Younes Gabriele Aquilina Laurence Castle Karl‐Heinz Engel Paul Fowler Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez Rainer Gürtler Ursula Gundert‐Remy Trine Husøy Wim Mennes Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson Sandra Rainieri Romina Shah Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen Detlef Wölfle Eric Gaffet Jan Mast Ruud Peters Ana Maria Rincon Peter Fürst |
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scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the eu specifications for titanium dioxide (e 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution |
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TX341-641 |
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Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution |
| abstract |
Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. |
| abstractGer |
Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract The present opinion deals with the assessment of the data provided by interested business operators in support of an amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution. Titanium dioxide which is used as a food additive E 171 in food undergoes no surface treatment and is not coated. It consists of anatase or rutile generally containing small amounts of the other phase (rutile or anatase, < 2% m/m) and it may also contain small quantities (< 0.5%) of constituent particle growth and crystal phase control agents (alumina, sodium or potassium in combination with phosphate). Particle size analyses, by TEM, SEM, XDC or DC, have been carried out on five commercial brands of anatase E 171 and one of rutile E 171 manufactured by the only three EU manufacturers that, according to information submitted by interested business operators, produce food‐grade titanium dioxide. Interested business operators proposed to introduce in the EU specifications for E 171 a specification of more than 100 nm for median Feret min diameter and less than 50% of the number of constituent particles below 100 nm; measured by EM in both cases. The Panel, after reviewing the data, concluded that a specification of larger than 100 nm for median minimum external dimension, equivalent to less than 50% of the number of constituent particles with a minimum external dimension below 100 nm, should be inserted in the current EU specifications. The Panel considered that the conclusions made, and the uncertainties identified, in the previous EFSA assessments on E 171 remain valid. The Panel reiterates the need for the further research as recommended in the previous opinions in order to decrease the level of uncertainty and acknowledged that additional studies with characterised E 171 are being carried out by interested business operators. |
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| title_short |
Scientific opinion on the proposed amendment of the EU specifications for titanium dioxide (E 171) with respect to the inclusion of additional parameters related to its particle size distribution |
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https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 https://doaj.org/article/74a81c30dced49d6acb9887d770802be https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 |
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Maged Younes Gabriele Aquilina Laurence Castle Karl‐Heinz Engel Paul Fowler Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez Rainer Gürtler Ursula Gundert‐Remy Trine Husøy Wim Mennes Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson Sandra Rainieri Romina Shah Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen Detlef Wölfle Eric Gaffet Jan Mast Ruud Peters Ana Maria Rincon Peter Fürst |
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Maged Younes Gabriele Aquilina Laurence Castle Karl‐Heinz Engel Paul Fowler Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez Rainer Gürtler Ursula Gundert‐Remy Trine Husøy Wim Mennes Peter Moldeus Agneta Oskarsson Sandra Rainieri Romina Shah Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen Detlef Wölfle Eric Gaffet Jan Mast Ruud Peters Ana Maria Rincon Peter Fürst |
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10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5760 |
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2024-07-04T00:59:28.135Z |
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| score |
7.399646 |