Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers

The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (...
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Autor*in:	Martin Siegel [verfasserIn] Sebastian Coenen [verfasserIn] Michael Beltle [verfasserIn] Stefan Tenbohlen [verfasserIn] Marc Weber [verfasserIn] Pascal Fehlmann [verfasserIn] Stefan M. Hoek [verfasserIn] Ulrich Kempf [verfasserIn] Robert Schwarz [verfasserIn] Thomas Linn [verfasserIn] Jitka Fuhr [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Energies - MDPI AG, 2008, 12(2019), 16, p 3058
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2019 ; number:16, p 3058

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/en12163058

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ079202713

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520			\|a The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources.
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allfields	10.3390/en12163058 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079202713 (DE-599)DOAJ0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Martin Siegel verfasserin aut Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources. power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor Technology T Sebastian Coenen verfasserin aut Michael Beltle verfasserin aut Stefan Tenbohlen verfasserin aut Marc Weber verfasserin aut Pascal Fehlmann verfasserin aut Stefan M. Hoek verfasserin aut Ulrich Kempf verfasserin aut Robert Schwarz verfasserin aut Thomas Linn verfasserin aut Jitka Fuhr verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 12(2019), 16, p 3058 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:12 year:2019 number:16, p 3058 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12163058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2019 16, p 3058
spelling	10.3390/en12163058 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079202713 (DE-599)DOAJ0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Martin Siegel verfasserin aut Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources. power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor Technology T Sebastian Coenen verfasserin aut Michael Beltle verfasserin aut Stefan Tenbohlen verfasserin aut Marc Weber verfasserin aut Pascal Fehlmann verfasserin aut Stefan M. Hoek verfasserin aut Ulrich Kempf verfasserin aut Robert Schwarz verfasserin aut Thomas Linn verfasserin aut Jitka Fuhr verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 12(2019), 16, p 3058 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:12 year:2019 number:16, p 3058 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12163058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2019 16, p 3058
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/en12163058 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079202713 (DE-599)DOAJ0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Martin Siegel verfasserin aut Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources. power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor Technology T Sebastian Coenen verfasserin aut Michael Beltle verfasserin aut Stefan Tenbohlen verfasserin aut Marc Weber verfasserin aut Pascal Fehlmann verfasserin aut Stefan M. Hoek verfasserin aut Ulrich Kempf verfasserin aut Robert Schwarz verfasserin aut Thomas Linn verfasserin aut Jitka Fuhr verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 12(2019), 16, p 3058 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:12 year:2019 number:16, p 3058 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12163058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2019 16, p 3058
allfieldsGer	10.3390/en12163058 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079202713 (DE-599)DOAJ0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Martin Siegel verfasserin aut Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources. power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor Technology T Sebastian Coenen verfasserin aut Michael Beltle verfasserin aut Stefan Tenbohlen verfasserin aut Marc Weber verfasserin aut Pascal Fehlmann verfasserin aut Stefan M. Hoek verfasserin aut Ulrich Kempf verfasserin aut Robert Schwarz verfasserin aut Thomas Linn verfasserin aut Jitka Fuhr verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 12(2019), 16, p 3058 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:12 year:2019 number:16, p 3058 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12163058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2019 16, p 3058
allfieldsSound	10.3390/en12163058 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079202713 (DE-599)DOAJ0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Martin Siegel verfasserin aut Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources. power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor Technology T Sebastian Coenen verfasserin aut Michael Beltle verfasserin aut Stefan Tenbohlen verfasserin aut Marc Weber verfasserin aut Pascal Fehlmann verfasserin aut Stefan M. Hoek verfasserin aut Ulrich Kempf verfasserin aut Robert Schwarz verfasserin aut Thomas Linn verfasserin aut Jitka Fuhr verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 12(2019), 16, p 3058 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:12 year:2019 number:16, p 3058 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12163058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0bd140af6f154bf68f29d77673560bc8 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3058 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2019 16, p 3058
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source	In Energies 12(2019), 16, p 3058 volume:12 year:2019 number:16, p 3058
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Martin Siegel @@aut@@ Sebastian Coenen @@aut@@ Michael Beltle @@aut@@ Stefan Tenbohlen @@aut@@ Marc Weber @@aut@@ Pascal Fehlmann @@aut@@ Stefan M. Hoek @@aut@@ Ulrich Kempf @@aut@@ Robert Schwarz @@aut@@ Thomas Linn @@aut@@ Jitka Fuhr @@aut@@
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author	Martin Siegel
spellingShingle	Martin Siegel misc power transformers misc partial discharge misc PD misc UHF misc calibration misc monitoring misc acceptance tests misc IEC 60270 misc PD sensors misc antenna factor misc Technology misc T Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers
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topic_title	Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers power transformers partial discharge PD UHF calibration monitoring acceptance tests IEC 60270 PD sensors antenna factor
topic	misc power transformers misc partial discharge misc PD misc UHF misc calibration misc monitoring misc acceptance tests misc IEC 60270 misc PD sensors misc antenna factor misc Technology misc T
topic_unstemmed	misc power transformers misc partial discharge misc PD misc UHF misc calibration misc monitoring misc acceptance tests misc IEC 60270 misc PD sensors misc antenna factor misc Technology misc T
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title	Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers
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title_full	Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers
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title_sort	calibration proposal for uhf partial discharge measurements at power transformers
title_auth	Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers
abstract	The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources.
abstractGer	The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources.
abstract_unstemmed	The continuous, non-intermitted service of electrical grids relies on the reliability of their assets, e.g., power transformers. Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources.
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title_short	Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers
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up_date	2024-07-03T22:15:11.407Z
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Local insulation defects can result in serve failures such as breakdowns with severe subsequent costs. The prevention of such events is crucial. Hence, partial discharge (PD) activity at power transformers is evaluated directly in the factory before shipment. Additionally, PD activity can be monitored during service using the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method. In this contribution, a calibration procedure is proposed for the UHF method. The calibration process is required to ensure both, reproducibility and comparability of UHF measurements: Only a calibrated UHF measurement procedure can be introduced supplementary to IEC 60270 in acceptance tests of power transformers. The proposed calibration method considers two factors: The influence of the UHF-antenna’s sensitivity and the PD recorder characteristics including accessories such as cable damping, pre-amplifier, etc. The former is addressed by a characterization of UHF sensors using the standard antenna factor (<i<AF</i<) in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The PD recorder’s influence is corrected by using a defined, invariable test signal as reference for all recording devices. A practical evaluation of the proposed calibration procedure is performed in a laboratory setup using different UHF recording devices and UHF sensors using artificial PD signals and real voltage-driven PD sources.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">power transformers</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">partial discharge</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">PD</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">UHF</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">calibration</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">monitoring</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">acceptance tests</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">IEC 60270</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">PD sensors</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">antenna factor</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Technology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">T</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Sebastian Coenen</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Michael Beltle</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Stefan Tenbohlen</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Marc Weber</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pascal Fehlmann</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Stefan M. 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Calibration Proposal for UHF Partial Discharge Measurements at Power Transformers

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