Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line
Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inf...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Juliet David [verfasserIn] Athira Nandakumar [verfasserIn] Muflihatul Muniroh [verfasserIn] Suminori Akiba [verfasserIn] Megumi Yamamoto [verfasserIn] Chihaya Koriyama [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
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2017 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: European Journal of Medical Research - BMC, 2012, 22(2017), 1, Seite 8 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:22 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; pages:8 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ079503454 |
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520 | |a Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. | ||
650 | 4 | |a Inflammation | |
650 | 4 | |a Methylmercury | |
650 | 4 | |a RAW264.7 cell line | |
650 | 4 | |a N-acetyl-l-cysteine | |
650 | 4 | |a Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 | |
650 | 4 | |a Keratinocyte chemoattractant | |
653 | 0 | |a Medicine | |
653 | 0 | |a R | |
700 | 0 | |a Athira Nandakumar |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 0 | |a Muflihatul Muniroh |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 0 | |a Suminori Akiba |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 0 | |a Megumi Yamamoto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 0 | |a Chihaya Koriyama |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079503454 (DE-599)DOAJ28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Juliet David verfasserin aut Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. Inflammation Methylmercury RAW264.7 cell line N-acetyl-l-cysteine Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 Keratinocyte chemoattractant Medicine R Athira Nandakumar verfasserin aut Muflihatul Muniroh verfasserin aut Suminori Akiba verfasserin aut Megumi Yamamoto verfasserin aut Chihaya Koriyama verfasserin aut In European Journal of Medical Research BMC, 2012 22(2017), 1, Seite 8 (DE-627)375977775 (DE-600)2129989-4 2047783X nnns volume:22 year:2017 number:1 pages:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 22 2017 1 8 |
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10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079503454 (DE-599)DOAJ28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Juliet David verfasserin aut Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. Inflammation Methylmercury RAW264.7 cell line N-acetyl-l-cysteine Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 Keratinocyte chemoattractant Medicine R Athira Nandakumar verfasserin aut Muflihatul Muniroh verfasserin aut Suminori Akiba verfasserin aut Megumi Yamamoto verfasserin aut Chihaya Koriyama verfasserin aut In European Journal of Medical Research BMC, 2012 22(2017), 1, Seite 8 (DE-627)375977775 (DE-600)2129989-4 2047783X nnns volume:22 year:2017 number:1 pages:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 22 2017 1 8 |
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10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079503454 (DE-599)DOAJ28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Juliet David verfasserin aut Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. Inflammation Methylmercury RAW264.7 cell line N-acetyl-l-cysteine Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 Keratinocyte chemoattractant Medicine R Athira Nandakumar verfasserin aut Muflihatul Muniroh verfasserin aut Suminori Akiba verfasserin aut Megumi Yamamoto verfasserin aut Chihaya Koriyama verfasserin aut In European Journal of Medical Research BMC, 2012 22(2017), 1, Seite 8 (DE-627)375977775 (DE-600)2129989-4 2047783X nnns volume:22 year:2017 number:1 pages:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 22 2017 1 8 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079503454 (DE-599)DOAJ28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Juliet David verfasserin aut Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. Inflammation Methylmercury RAW264.7 cell line N-acetyl-l-cysteine Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 Keratinocyte chemoattractant Medicine R Athira Nandakumar verfasserin aut Muflihatul Muniroh verfasserin aut Suminori Akiba verfasserin aut Megumi Yamamoto verfasserin aut Chihaya Koriyama verfasserin aut In European Journal of Medical Research BMC, 2012 22(2017), 1, Seite 8 (DE-627)375977775 (DE-600)2129989-4 2047783X nnns volume:22 year:2017 number:1 pages:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 22 2017 1 8 |
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10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 doi (DE-627)DOAJ079503454 (DE-599)DOAJ28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Juliet David verfasserin aut Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. Inflammation Methylmercury RAW264.7 cell line N-acetyl-l-cysteine Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 Keratinocyte chemoattractant Medicine R Athira Nandakumar verfasserin aut Muflihatul Muniroh verfasserin aut Suminori Akiba verfasserin aut Megumi Yamamoto verfasserin aut Chihaya Koriyama verfasserin aut In European Journal of Medical Research BMC, 2012 22(2017), 1, Seite 8 (DE-627)375977775 (DE-600)2129989-4 2047783X nnns volume:22 year:2017 number:1 pages:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 kostenfrei http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 22 2017 1 8 |
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Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line Inflammation Methylmercury RAW264.7 cell line N-acetyl-l-cysteine Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 Keratinocyte chemoattractant |
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suppression of methylmercury-induced mip-2 expression by n-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine raw264.7 macrophage cell line |
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Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line |
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Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. |
abstractGer |
Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract Background The aim of this study is to examine the inflammatory-cytokine expressions in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of methylmercury (MeHg) in murine macrophages, which is suspected to play an important role in brain damage caused by MeHg exposure. We focused on murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5 (MCP-5). MIP-2 and KC are murine functional homologues of human IL-8 and MCP-5 for human MCP-1. Furthermore, we examined the suppressive effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on the MeHg-induced inflammatory cytokines. Methods In a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, MeHg-induced cytokine expressions were measured using real-time PCR. The suppressive effect of NAC was examined by putting it into the culture medium together with MeHg (co-treatment). In addition, pre- and post-treatment experiments were conducted, in which the cells were treated with NAC before and after MeHg exposure, respectively. Results Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg up-regulated the mRNA expression of MIP-2 and MCP-5. On the other hand, KC expression was not induced in the presence of MeHg. Effect of MeHg on MIP-2 expressions was suppressed by pre-, co-, and post-treatment with NAC. However, the suppressive effect of pre-treatment was less than the post-treatment, which was as effective as co-treatment. Conclusion In functional homologues of human IL-8, only MIP-2 expression, not KC, was activated in the presence of non-cytotoxic dose of MeHg in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. The more evident inhibitory effect of NAC observed in post-treatment experiments suggests a possible involvement of intracellular activities such as antioxidant effects. |
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Suppression of methylmercury-induced MIP-2 expression by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line |
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 https://doaj.org/article/28316f9775134f03ab8eba57e14f02b6 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-017-0287-4 https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783X |
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Athira Nandakumar Muflihatul Muniroh Suminori Akiba Megumi Yamamoto Chihaya Koriyama |
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