Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation
Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Xiaoguang Lu [verfasserIn] Yuhan Wu [verfasserIn] Chaoyue Tang [verfasserIn] Chang Liu [verfasserIn] Ninghui Li [verfasserIn] Yuchen Du [verfasserIn] Lianshuang Fu [verfasserIn] Xin Liu [verfasserIn] Jun Liu [verfasserIn] Xiaonan Wang [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
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2023 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Agronomy - MDPI AG, 2012, 13(2023), 2, p 605 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:13 ; year:2023 ; number:2, p 605 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3390/agronomy13020605 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ081032293 |
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10.3390/agronomy13020605 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081032293 (DE-599)DOAJfdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Xiaoguang Lu verfasserin aut Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. cold acclimation reactive oxygen scavengers POD cold tolerance genes Agriculture S Yuhan Wu verfasserin aut Chaoyue Tang verfasserin aut Chang Liu verfasserin aut Ninghui Li verfasserin aut Yuchen Du verfasserin aut Lianshuang Fu verfasserin aut Xin Liu verfasserin aut Jun Liu verfasserin aut Xiaonan Wang verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 13(2023), 2, p 605 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:13 year:2023 number:2, p 605 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2023 2, p 605 |
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10.3390/agronomy13020605 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081032293 (DE-599)DOAJfdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Xiaoguang Lu verfasserin aut Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. cold acclimation reactive oxygen scavengers POD cold tolerance genes Agriculture S Yuhan Wu verfasserin aut Chaoyue Tang verfasserin aut Chang Liu verfasserin aut Ninghui Li verfasserin aut Yuchen Du verfasserin aut Lianshuang Fu verfasserin aut Xin Liu verfasserin aut Jun Liu verfasserin aut Xiaonan Wang verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 13(2023), 2, p 605 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:13 year:2023 number:2, p 605 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2023 2, p 605 |
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10.3390/agronomy13020605 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081032293 (DE-599)DOAJfdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Xiaoguang Lu verfasserin aut Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. cold acclimation reactive oxygen scavengers POD cold tolerance genes Agriculture S Yuhan Wu verfasserin aut Chaoyue Tang verfasserin aut Chang Liu verfasserin aut Ninghui Li verfasserin aut Yuchen Du verfasserin aut Lianshuang Fu verfasserin aut Xin Liu verfasserin aut Jun Liu verfasserin aut Xiaonan Wang verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 13(2023), 2, p 605 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:13 year:2023 number:2, p 605 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2023 2, p 605 |
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10.3390/agronomy13020605 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081032293 (DE-599)DOAJfdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Xiaoguang Lu verfasserin aut Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. cold acclimation reactive oxygen scavengers POD cold tolerance genes Agriculture S Yuhan Wu verfasserin aut Chaoyue Tang verfasserin aut Chang Liu verfasserin aut Ninghui Li verfasserin aut Yuchen Du verfasserin aut Lianshuang Fu verfasserin aut Xin Liu verfasserin aut Jun Liu verfasserin aut Xiaonan Wang verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 13(2023), 2, p 605 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:13 year:2023 number:2, p 605 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2023 2, p 605 |
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10.3390/agronomy13020605 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081032293 (DE-599)DOAJfdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Xiaoguang Lu verfasserin aut Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. cold acclimation reactive oxygen scavengers POD cold tolerance genes Agriculture S Yuhan Wu verfasserin aut Chaoyue Tang verfasserin aut Chang Liu verfasserin aut Ninghui Li verfasserin aut Yuchen Du verfasserin aut Lianshuang Fu verfasserin aut Xin Liu verfasserin aut Jun Liu verfasserin aut Xiaonan Wang verfasserin aut In Agronomy MDPI AG, 2012 13(2023), 2, p 605 (DE-627)658000543 (DE-600)2607043-1 20734395 nnns volume:13 year:2023 number:2, p 605 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/fdcbf3567a1243778315f9cdd3279358 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/605 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2023 2, p 605 |
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Xiaoguang Lu misc cold acclimation misc reactive oxygen scavengers misc POD misc cold tolerance genes misc Agriculture misc S Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation |
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Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation cold acclimation reactive oxygen scavengers POD cold tolerance genes |
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physiological and transcriptome analysis reveals the differences in genes of antioxidative defense components and cold-related proteins in winter and spring wheat during cold acclimation |
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Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation |
abstract |
Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. |
abstractGer |
Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H<sub<2</sub<O<sub<2</sub< and O<sub<2</sub<<sup<−</sup< than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1. |
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Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation |
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