P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse
Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refrac...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Zhiming Bai [verfasserIn] Liang Zhao [verfasserIn] Wenjiao Xiao [verfasserIn] Tao Xu [verfasserIn] José Badal [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2023 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Frontiers in Earth Science - Frontiers Media S.A., 2014, 11(2023) |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:11 ; year:2023 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 |
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DOAJ081062672 |
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| 520 | |a Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. | ||
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10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081062672 (DE-599)DOAJ8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhiming Bai verfasserin aut P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. wide-angle seismic profiling P-wave velocity structure magmatism and metallogenesis east Altai-Tianshan traverse central Asian orogenic belt Science Q Liang Zhao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Tao Xu verfasserin aut José Badal verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Earth Science Frontiers Media S.A., 2014 11(2023) (DE-627)771399731 (DE-600)2741235-0 22966463 nnns volume:11 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 |
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10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081062672 (DE-599)DOAJ8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhiming Bai verfasserin aut P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. wide-angle seismic profiling P-wave velocity structure magmatism and metallogenesis east Altai-Tianshan traverse central Asian orogenic belt Science Q Liang Zhao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Tao Xu verfasserin aut José Badal verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Earth Science Frontiers Media S.A., 2014 11(2023) (DE-627)771399731 (DE-600)2741235-0 22966463 nnns volume:11 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 |
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10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081062672 (DE-599)DOAJ8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhiming Bai verfasserin aut P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. wide-angle seismic profiling P-wave velocity structure magmatism and metallogenesis east Altai-Tianshan traverse central Asian orogenic belt Science Q Liang Zhao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Tao Xu verfasserin aut José Badal verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Earth Science Frontiers Media S.A., 2014 11(2023) (DE-627)771399731 (DE-600)2741235-0 22966463 nnns volume:11 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 |
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10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081062672 (DE-599)DOAJ8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhiming Bai verfasserin aut P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. wide-angle seismic profiling P-wave velocity structure magmatism and metallogenesis east Altai-Tianshan traverse central Asian orogenic belt Science Q Liang Zhao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Wenjiao Xiao verfasserin aut Tao Xu verfasserin aut José Badal verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Earth Science Frontiers Media S.A., 2014 11(2023) (DE-627)771399731 (DE-600)2741235-0 22966463 nnns volume:11 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 |
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P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse |
| abstract |
Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. |
| abstractGer |
Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Altaids in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the world’s largest orogenic belts containing mineral deposits. Together with the Junggar terrain they open an important window to study the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In this paper, we analyze a 637-km-long wide-angle refraction/reflection seismic profile across the Altai-Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt in the southern Altaids, conducted in September 2018 using 10 large explosive charges fired in drilled holes. We use a traveltime inversion method to reconstruct the lithospheric P-wave velocity structure along the profile. The lithosphere is composed of a 43-55-km-thick crust, a ∼10-km-thick crust-mantle transition layer beneath the Altai Mountain, and a ∼25-km-thick layer of lithospheric mantle. The results clearly reveal: a prominent Moho uplift beneath the Yemaquan Island Arc, two major crustal-scale low-velocity anomalies (LVAs) beneath the Yemaquan Arc and Bogda Mountain, and three high-velocity anomalies (HVAs) near the surface around the Kalatongke, Yemaquan and Kalatage mining areas. We hypothesize that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean occurred with strong mantle upwelling. We suggest that continued compression of the Paleo-Asian Ocean causes the delamination of lithosphere, as well as asthenospheric material upwelling and magma underplating into the crust. Consistently, Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic rocks and mantle-derived minerals related to gold, copper and nickel deposits, are widely extended in the area. Our results show that the P-wave velocity-depth curves for deeper depths (>30 km) in the southern Altai and Junggar Basin are close to those of the continental arcs and global continent average. Despite powerful Paleozoic subduction activity, orogeny and volcanism strongly modified the lower crust in the region, part of ancient continental crust was still preserved below the southern Altai and Junggar Basin. In addition, the upper part (depth 5–30 km) of the velocity-depth curve for the Junggar Basin is close to that of the Costa Rica volcanic front and the British Columbia accreted terrain, suggesting that Paleozoic orogenic activity has intensively reconstructed the upper-middle crust beneath the Junggar Basin. |
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| title_short |
P-wave velocity structure and implications for magmatism and metallogenesis in the southern Altaids: Constraint from wide-angle seismic data along the Altai-Eastern Tianshan traverse |
| url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434 https://doaj.org/article/8851f9ed34f248ca8f7626244b066705 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1078434/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 |
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Liang Zhao Wenjiao Xiao Tao Xu José Badal |
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