Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children
ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， S...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
GENG Yang [verfasserIn] ZHANG Yanfei [verfasserIn] HU Man [verfasserIn] ZHANG Yining [verfasserIn] BAI Pinqing [verfasserIn] ZHOU Ying [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Chinesisch |
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Shanghai yufang yixue - Shanghai Preventive Medicine Association, 2022, 34(2022), 1, Seite 50-55 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:34 ; year:2022 ; number:1 ; pages:50-55 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ081328516 |
|---|
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| 520 | |a ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a microplastic | |
| 650 | 4 | |a nanoplastic | |
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| 700 | 0 | |a BAI Pinqing |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a ZHOU Ying |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081328516 (DE-599)DOAJac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb chi GENG Yang verfasserin aut Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. microplastic nanoplastic ingestion inhalation chinese children Medicine R ZHANG Yanfei verfasserin aut HU Man verfasserin aut ZHANG Yining verfasserin aut BAI Pinqing verfasserin aut ZHOU Ying verfasserin aut In Shanghai yufang yixue Shanghai Preventive Medicine Association, 2022 34(2022), 1, Seite 50-55 (DE-627)DOAJ078623642 10049231 nnns volume:34 year:2022 number:1 pages:50-55 https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 kostenfrei http://www.sjpm.org.cn/article/doi/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1004-9231 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 34 2022 1 50-55 |
| spelling |
10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081328516 (DE-599)DOAJac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb chi GENG Yang verfasserin aut Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. microplastic nanoplastic ingestion inhalation chinese children Medicine R ZHANG Yanfei verfasserin aut HU Man verfasserin aut ZHANG Yining verfasserin aut BAI Pinqing verfasserin aut ZHOU Ying verfasserin aut In Shanghai yufang yixue Shanghai Preventive Medicine Association, 2022 34(2022), 1, Seite 50-55 (DE-627)DOAJ078623642 10049231 nnns volume:34 year:2022 number:1 pages:50-55 https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 kostenfrei http://www.sjpm.org.cn/article/doi/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1004-9231 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 34 2022 1 50-55 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081328516 (DE-599)DOAJac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb chi GENG Yang verfasserin aut Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. microplastic nanoplastic ingestion inhalation chinese children Medicine R ZHANG Yanfei verfasserin aut HU Man verfasserin aut ZHANG Yining verfasserin aut BAI Pinqing verfasserin aut ZHOU Ying verfasserin aut In Shanghai yufang yixue Shanghai Preventive Medicine Association, 2022 34(2022), 1, Seite 50-55 (DE-627)DOAJ078623642 10049231 nnns volume:34 year:2022 number:1 pages:50-55 https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 kostenfrei http://www.sjpm.org.cn/article/doi/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1004-9231 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 34 2022 1 50-55 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081328516 (DE-599)DOAJac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb chi GENG Yang verfasserin aut Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. microplastic nanoplastic ingestion inhalation chinese children Medicine R ZHANG Yanfei verfasserin aut HU Man verfasserin aut ZHANG Yining verfasserin aut BAI Pinqing verfasserin aut ZHOU Ying verfasserin aut In Shanghai yufang yixue Shanghai Preventive Medicine Association, 2022 34(2022), 1, Seite 50-55 (DE-627)DOAJ078623642 10049231 nnns volume:34 year:2022 number:1 pages:50-55 https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 kostenfrei http://www.sjpm.org.cn/article/doi/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1004-9231 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 34 2022 1 50-55 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 doi (DE-627)DOAJ081328516 (DE-599)DOAJac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb chi GENG Yang verfasserin aut Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. microplastic nanoplastic ingestion inhalation chinese children Medicine R ZHANG Yanfei verfasserin aut HU Man verfasserin aut ZHANG Yining verfasserin aut BAI Pinqing verfasserin aut ZHOU Ying verfasserin aut In Shanghai yufang yixue Shanghai Preventive Medicine Association, 2022 34(2022), 1, Seite 50-55 (DE-627)DOAJ078623642 10049231 nnns volume:34 year:2022 number:1 pages:50-55 https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ac582476a1e24ef6af1ebcdbc94a1609 kostenfrei http://www.sjpm.org.cn/article/doi/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.20997 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1004-9231 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 34 2022 1 50-55 |
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The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. 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characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among chinese children |
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Characteristics of exposure to microplastics via ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children |
| abstract |
ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. |
| abstractGer |
ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsArticles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children.ConclusionIngestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children. |
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The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated.ResultsA total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. 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