Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract

Proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3ols with potent antioxidative activity, are well known to exert a variety of beneficial health effects. Nonetheless, their bioaccessibility and bioavailability have been poorly assessed. In this review, we focused on the metabolic...
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Autor*in:	Yoshimi Niwano [verfasserIn] Hidetsugu Kohzaki [verfasserIn] Midori Shirato [verfasserIn] Shunichi Shishido [verfasserIn] Keisuke Nakamura [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	proanthocyanidin metabolic fate digestive tract gut microbiota

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Antioxidants - MDPI AG, 2013, 12(2022), 1, p 17
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2022 ; number:1, p 17

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/antiox12010017

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ081859740

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language	English
source	In Antioxidants 12(2022), 1, p 17 volume:12 year:2022 number:1, p 17
sourceStr	In Antioxidants 12(2022), 1, p 17 volume:12 year:2022 number:1, p 17
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	proanthocyanidin metabolic fate digestive tract gut microbiota Therapeutics. Pharmacology
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container_title	Antioxidants
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Yoshimi Niwano @@aut@@ Hidetsugu Kohzaki @@aut@@ Midori Shirato @@aut@@ Shunichi Shishido @@aut@@ Keisuke Nakamura @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Yoshimi Niwano
spellingShingle	Yoshimi Niwano misc RM1-950 misc proanthocyanidin misc metabolic fate misc digestive tract misc gut microbiota misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract
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topic_title	RM1-950 Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract proanthocyanidin metabolic fate digestive tract gut microbiota
topic	misc RM1-950 misc proanthocyanidin misc metabolic fate misc digestive tract misc gut microbiota misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology
topic_unstemmed	misc RM1-950 misc proanthocyanidin misc metabolic fate misc digestive tract misc gut microbiota misc Therapeutics. Pharmacology
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title	Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract
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title_sort	metabolic fate of orally ingested proanthocyanidins through the digestive tract
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title_auth	Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract
abstract	Proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3ols with potent antioxidative activity, are well known to exert a variety of beneficial health effects. Nonetheless, their bioaccessibility and bioavailability have been poorly assessed. In this review, we focused on the metabolic fate of PACs through the digestive tract. When oligomeric and polymeric PACs are orally ingested, a large portion of the PACs reach the colon, where a small portion is subjected to microbial degradation to phenolic acids and valerolactones, despite the possibility that slight depolymerization of PACs occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Valerolactones, as microbiota-generated catabolites of PACs, may contribute to some of the health benefits of orally ingested PACs. The remaining portion interacts with gut microbiota, resulting in improved microbial diversity and, thereby, contributing to improved health. For instance, an increased amount of beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., <i<Akkermansia muciniphila</i< and butyrate-producing bacteria) could ameliorate host metabolic functions, and a lowered ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level could mitigate obesity-related metabolic disorders.
abstractGer	Proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3ols with potent antioxidative activity, are well known to exert a variety of beneficial health effects. Nonetheless, their bioaccessibility and bioavailability have been poorly assessed. In this review, we focused on the metabolic fate of PACs through the digestive tract. When oligomeric and polymeric PACs are orally ingested, a large portion of the PACs reach the colon, where a small portion is subjected to microbial degradation to phenolic acids and valerolactones, despite the possibility that slight depolymerization of PACs occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Valerolactones, as microbiota-generated catabolites of PACs, may contribute to some of the health benefits of orally ingested PACs. The remaining portion interacts with gut microbiota, resulting in improved microbial diversity and, thereby, contributing to improved health. For instance, an increased amount of beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., <i<Akkermansia muciniphila</i< and butyrate-producing bacteria) could ameliorate host metabolic functions, and a lowered ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level could mitigate obesity-related metabolic disorders.
abstract_unstemmed	Proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3ols with potent antioxidative activity, are well known to exert a variety of beneficial health effects. Nonetheless, their bioaccessibility and bioavailability have been poorly assessed. In this review, we focused on the metabolic fate of PACs through the digestive tract. When oligomeric and polymeric PACs are orally ingested, a large portion of the PACs reach the colon, where a small portion is subjected to microbial degradation to phenolic acids and valerolactones, despite the possibility that slight depolymerization of PACs occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Valerolactones, as microbiota-generated catabolites of PACs, may contribute to some of the health benefits of orally ingested PACs. The remaining portion interacts with gut microbiota, resulting in improved microbial diversity and, thereby, contributing to improved health. For instance, an increased amount of beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., <i<Akkermansia muciniphila</i< and butyrate-producing bacteria) could ameliorate host metabolic functions, and a lowered ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level could mitigate obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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title_short	Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract
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