Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for t...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Lidia Tarone [verfasserIn] Katia Mareschi [verfasserIn] Elisa Tirtei [verfasserIn] Davide Giacobino [verfasserIn] Mariateresa Camerino [verfasserIn] Paolo Buracco [verfasserIn] Emanuela Morello [verfasserIn] Federica Cavallo [verfasserIn] Federica Riccardo [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Life - MDPI AG, 2012, 12(2022), 12, p 2099
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2022 ; number:12, p 2099

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/life12122099

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ083044515

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520			\|a Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary.
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allfields	10.3390/life12122099 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083044515 (DE-599)DOAJ91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Lidia Tarone verfasserin aut Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary. osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4 Science Q Katia Mareschi verfasserin aut Elisa Tirtei verfasserin aut Davide Giacobino verfasserin aut Mariateresa Camerino verfasserin aut Paolo Buracco verfasserin aut Emanuela Morello verfasserin aut Federica Cavallo verfasserin aut Federica Riccardo verfasserin aut In Life MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 12, p 2099 (DE-627)718627156 (DE-600)2662250-6 20751729 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 2099 https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 2099
spelling	10.3390/life12122099 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083044515 (DE-599)DOAJ91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Lidia Tarone verfasserin aut Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary. osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4 Science Q Katia Mareschi verfasserin aut Elisa Tirtei verfasserin aut Davide Giacobino verfasserin aut Mariateresa Camerino verfasserin aut Paolo Buracco verfasserin aut Emanuela Morello verfasserin aut Federica Cavallo verfasserin aut Federica Riccardo verfasserin aut In Life MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 12, p 2099 (DE-627)718627156 (DE-600)2662250-6 20751729 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 2099 https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 2099
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/life12122099 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083044515 (DE-599)DOAJ91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Lidia Tarone verfasserin aut Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary. osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4 Science Q Katia Mareschi verfasserin aut Elisa Tirtei verfasserin aut Davide Giacobino verfasserin aut Mariateresa Camerino verfasserin aut Paolo Buracco verfasserin aut Emanuela Morello verfasserin aut Federica Cavallo verfasserin aut Federica Riccardo verfasserin aut In Life MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 12, p 2099 (DE-627)718627156 (DE-600)2662250-6 20751729 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 2099 https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 2099
allfieldsGer	10.3390/life12122099 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083044515 (DE-599)DOAJ91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Lidia Tarone verfasserin aut Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary. osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4 Science Q Katia Mareschi verfasserin aut Elisa Tirtei verfasserin aut Davide Giacobino verfasserin aut Mariateresa Camerino verfasserin aut Paolo Buracco verfasserin aut Emanuela Morello verfasserin aut Federica Cavallo verfasserin aut Federica Riccardo verfasserin aut In Life MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 12, p 2099 (DE-627)718627156 (DE-600)2662250-6 20751729 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 2099 https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 2099
allfieldsSound	10.3390/life12122099 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083044515 (DE-599)DOAJ91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Lidia Tarone verfasserin aut Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary. osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4 Science Q Katia Mareschi verfasserin aut Elisa Tirtei verfasserin aut Davide Giacobino verfasserin aut Mariateresa Camerino verfasserin aut Paolo Buracco verfasserin aut Emanuela Morello verfasserin aut Federica Cavallo verfasserin aut Federica Riccardo verfasserin aut In Life MDPI AG, 2012 12(2022), 12, p 2099 (DE-627)718627156 (DE-600)2662250-6 20751729 nnns volume:12 year:2022 number:12, p 2099 https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/91546c5b0c564a23a0a19eff4d83ad34 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2099 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2022 12, p 2099
language	English
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Lidia Tarone @@aut@@ Katia Mareschi @@aut@@ Elisa Tirtei @@aut@@ Davide Giacobino @@aut@@ Mariateresa Camerino @@aut@@ Paolo Buracco @@aut@@ Emanuela Morello @@aut@@ Federica Cavallo @@aut@@ Federica Riccardo @@aut@@
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author	Lidia Tarone
spellingShingle	Lidia Tarone misc osteosarcoma misc comparative oncology misc immunotherapy misc CSPG4 misc Science misc Q Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action
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topic_title	Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action osteosarcoma comparative oncology immunotherapy CSPG4
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title	Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action
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title_full	Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action
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title_sort	improving osteosarcoma treatment: comparative oncology in action
title_auth	Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action
abstract	Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary.
abstractGer	Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary.
abstract_unstemmed	Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Although surgery together with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy has improved survival for localized OSA, most patients develop recurrent/metastatic disease with a dismally poor outcome. Therapeutic options have not improved for these OSA patients in recent decades. As OSA is a rare and “orphan” tumor, with no distinct targetable driver antigens, the development of new efficient therapies is still an unmet and challenging clinical need. Appropriate animal models are therefore critical for advancement in the field. Despite the undoubted relevance of pre-clinical mouse models in cancer research, they present some intrinsic limitations that may be responsible for the low translational success of novel therapies from the pre-clinical setting to the clinic. From this context emerges the concept of comparative oncology, which has spurred the study of pet dogs as a uniquely valuable model of spontaneous OSA that develops in an immune-competent system with high biological and clinical similarities to corresponding human tumors, including in its metastatic behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. For these reasons, the translational power of studies conducted on OSA-bearing dogs has seen increasing recognition. The most recent and relevant veterinary investigations of novel combinatorial approaches, with a focus on immune-based strategies, that can most likely benefit both canine and human OSA patients have been summarized in this commentary.
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title_short	Improving Osteosarcoma Treatment: Comparative Oncology in Action
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