Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction
Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has bee...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Nicolai Stransky [verfasserIn] Katrin Ganser [verfasserIn] Ulrike Naumann [verfasserIn] Stephan M. Huber [verfasserIn] Peter Ruth [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
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2022 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Cancers - MDPI AG, 2010, 14(2022), 24, p 6199 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:14 ; year:2022 ; number:24, p 6199 |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3390/cancers14246199 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ083214585 |
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10.3390/cancers14246199 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083214585 (DE-599)DOAJb0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Nicolai Stransky verfasserin aut Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. glioma stem cells colony formation assay limited dilution assay TRAM-34 temozolomide ionizing radiation Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Katrin Ganser verfasserin aut Ulrike Naumann verfasserin aut Stephan M. Huber verfasserin aut Peter Ruth verfasserin aut In Cancers MDPI AG, 2010 14(2022), 24, p 6199 (DE-627)614095670 (DE-600)2527080-1 20726694 nnns volume:14 year:2022 number:24, p 6199 https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/24/6199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2022 24, p 6199 |
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10.3390/cancers14246199 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083214585 (DE-599)DOAJb0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Nicolai Stransky verfasserin aut Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. glioma stem cells colony formation assay limited dilution assay TRAM-34 temozolomide ionizing radiation Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Katrin Ganser verfasserin aut Ulrike Naumann verfasserin aut Stephan M. Huber verfasserin aut Peter Ruth verfasserin aut In Cancers MDPI AG, 2010 14(2022), 24, p 6199 (DE-627)614095670 (DE-600)2527080-1 20726694 nnns volume:14 year:2022 number:24, p 6199 https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/24/6199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2022 24, p 6199 |
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10.3390/cancers14246199 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083214585 (DE-599)DOAJb0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Nicolai Stransky verfasserin aut Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. glioma stem cells colony formation assay limited dilution assay TRAM-34 temozolomide ionizing radiation Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Katrin Ganser verfasserin aut Ulrike Naumann verfasserin aut Stephan M. Huber verfasserin aut Peter Ruth verfasserin aut In Cancers MDPI AG, 2010 14(2022), 24, p 6199 (DE-627)614095670 (DE-600)2527080-1 20726694 nnns volume:14 year:2022 number:24, p 6199 https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/24/6199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2022 24, p 6199 |
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10.3390/cancers14246199 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083214585 (DE-599)DOAJb0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Nicolai Stransky verfasserin aut Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. glioma stem cells colony formation assay limited dilution assay TRAM-34 temozolomide ionizing radiation Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Katrin Ganser verfasserin aut Ulrike Naumann verfasserin aut Stephan M. Huber verfasserin aut Peter Ruth verfasserin aut In Cancers MDPI AG, 2010 14(2022), 24, p 6199 (DE-627)614095670 (DE-600)2527080-1 20726694 nnns volume:14 year:2022 number:24, p 6199 https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/24/6199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2022 24, p 6199 |
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10.3390/cancers14246199 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083214585 (DE-599)DOAJb0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC254-282 Nicolai Stransky verfasserin aut Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. glioma stem cells colony formation assay limited dilution assay TRAM-34 temozolomide ionizing radiation Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Katrin Ganser verfasserin aut Ulrike Naumann verfasserin aut Stephan M. Huber verfasserin aut Peter Ruth verfasserin aut In Cancers MDPI AG, 2010 14(2022), 24, p 6199 (DE-627)614095670 (DE-600)2527080-1 20726694 nnns volume:14 year:2022 number:24, p 6199 https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/b0e8ef2386024001bb7a837e550db2c7 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/24/6199 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2022 24, p 6199 |
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RC254-282 Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction glioma stem cells colony formation assay limited dilution assay TRAM-34 temozolomide ionizing radiation |
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tumoricidal, temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects of k<sub<ca</sub<3.1 k<sup<+</sup< channel targeting in vitro are dependent on glioma cell line and stem cell fraction |
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Tumoricidal, Temozolomide- and Radiation-Sensitizing Effects of K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 K<sup<+</sup< Channel Targeting In Vitro Are Dependent on Glioma Cell Line and Stem Cell Fraction |
abstract |
Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. |
abstractGer |
Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Reportedly, the intermediate-conductance Ca<sup<2+</sup<-activated potassium channel K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 contributes to the invasion of glioma cells into healthy brain tissue and resistance to temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Therefore, K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 has been proposed as a potential target in glioma therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the variability of the temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects conferred by the K<sub<Ca</sub<3.1 blocking agent TRAM-34 between five different glioma cell lines grown as differentiated bulk tumor cells or under glioma stem cell-enriching conditions. As a result, cultures grown under stem cell-enriching conditions exhibited indeed higher abundances of mRNAs encoding for stem cell markers compared to differentiated bulk tumor cultures. In addition, stem cell enrichment was paralleled by an increased resistance to ionizing radiation in three out of the five glioma cell lines tested. Finally, TRAM-34 led to inconsistent results regarding its tumoricidal but also temozolomide- and radiation-sensitizing effects, which were dependent on both cell line and culture condition. In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of testing new drug interventions in multiple cell lines and different culture conditions to partially mimic the in vivo inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. |
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