Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency
Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional sup...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
V. S. Scherbakha [verfasserIn] O. Z. Okhlobystina [verfasserIn] A. V. Korolev [verfasserIn] O. S. Shifrin [verfasserIn] A. V. Stepanov [verfasserIn] A. S. Tertychny [verfasserIn] A. V. Okhlobystin [verfasserIn] V. T. Ivashkin [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Russisch |
Erschienen: |
2018 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии - Gastro LLC, 2020, 28(2018), 2, Seite 109-116 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:28 ; year:2018 ; number:2 ; pages:109-116 |
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Link aufrufen |
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DOI / URN: |
10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ083376038 |
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520 | |a Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages | ||
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10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083376038 (DE-599)DOAJ2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb rus RC799-869 V. S. Scherbakha verfasserin aut Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages болезнь крона трофологическая недостаточность Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology O. Z. Okhlobystina verfasserin aut A. V. Korolev verfasserin aut O. S. Shifrin verfasserin aut A. V. Stepanov verfasserin aut A. S. Tertychny verfasserin aut A. V. Okhlobystin verfasserin aut V. T. Ivashkin verfasserin aut In Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии Gastro LLC, 2020 28(2018), 2, Seite 109-116 (DE-627)1698164203 26586673 nnns volume:28 year:2018 number:2 pages:109-116 https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e kostenfrei https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/234 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1382-4376 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2658-6673 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2018 2 109-116 |
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10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083376038 (DE-599)DOAJ2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb rus RC799-869 V. S. Scherbakha verfasserin aut Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages болезнь крона трофологическая недостаточность Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology O. Z. Okhlobystina verfasserin aut A. V. Korolev verfasserin aut O. S. Shifrin verfasserin aut A. V. Stepanov verfasserin aut A. S. Tertychny verfasserin aut A. V. Okhlobystin verfasserin aut V. T. Ivashkin verfasserin aut In Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии Gastro LLC, 2020 28(2018), 2, Seite 109-116 (DE-627)1698164203 26586673 nnns volume:28 year:2018 number:2 pages:109-116 https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e kostenfrei https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/234 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1382-4376 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2658-6673 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2018 2 109-116 |
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10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083376038 (DE-599)DOAJ2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb rus RC799-869 V. S. Scherbakha verfasserin aut Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages болезнь крона трофологическая недостаточность Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology O. Z. Okhlobystina verfasserin aut A. V. Korolev verfasserin aut O. S. Shifrin verfasserin aut A. V. Stepanov verfasserin aut A. S. Tertychny verfasserin aut A. V. Okhlobystin verfasserin aut V. T. Ivashkin verfasserin aut In Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии Gastro LLC, 2020 28(2018), 2, Seite 109-116 (DE-627)1698164203 26586673 nnns volume:28 year:2018 number:2 pages:109-116 https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e kostenfrei https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/234 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1382-4376 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2658-6673 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2018 2 109-116 |
allfieldsGer |
10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083376038 (DE-599)DOAJ2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb rus RC799-869 V. S. Scherbakha verfasserin aut Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages болезнь крона трофологическая недостаточность Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology O. Z. Okhlobystina verfasserin aut A. V. Korolev verfasserin aut O. S. Shifrin verfasserin aut A. V. Stepanov verfasserin aut A. S. Tertychny verfasserin aut A. V. Okhlobystin verfasserin aut V. T. Ivashkin verfasserin aut In Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии Gastro LLC, 2020 28(2018), 2, Seite 109-116 (DE-627)1698164203 26586673 nnns volume:28 year:2018 number:2 pages:109-116 https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e kostenfrei https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/234 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1382-4376 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2658-6673 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 28 2018 2 109-116 |
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Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency |
abstract |
Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages |
abstractGer |
Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages |
abstract_unstemmed |
Aim of case presentation. To demonstrate the course of inflammatory and sclerosing variant of the Crohn’s disease, complicated by severe nutritional failure. Nonetheless good therapeutic response was achieved at combined anti-cytokine therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and adequate nutritional support. Summary. Disease manifested with diarrhea, general weakness, high fever, abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevation of ESR and C-reactive protein and anemia. Patient was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in local hospital and received symptomatic treatment for one year. Later on patient underwent examination to exclude hematological disorder. In 1.5 years before admission to Vasilenko clinic of Sechenov University patient lost 30 kg of body weight. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in our clinic was established on the basis of careful study of clinical course of disease (late postprandial pain, diarrhea, fever and progressive weight loss). The diagnostic concept was confirmed by modern laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation (CT enterocolonography, endoscopic and histological study). Evaluation of nutritional status revealed the presence of protein-energy malnutrition of severe degree of alimentary marasmus type. Taking into account severe manifestations of a nutritional failure along with baseline therapy of autoimmune process at Crohn's disease (corticosteroids, immunosuppressors added by anticytokine therapy) patients received nutritional support that allowed to achieve clinical remission. Conclusion. Progression of Crohn’s disease with involvement of terminal ileum can result in proteinenergy malnutrition. Management of relapse of Crohn's disease and severe protein-energy malnutrition require nutritional support already at initial treatment stages |
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title_short |
Clinical round: 27 year old patient with initially diagnosed Crohn's disease and severe protein and energy deficiency |
url |
https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-109-116 https://doaj.org/article/2c9c500df31b4d1c99b498feee0f318e https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/234 https://doaj.org/toc/1382-4376 https://doaj.org/toc/2658-6673 |
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O. Z. Okhlobystina A. V. Korolev O. S. Shifrin A. V. Stepanov A. S. Tertychny A. V. Okhlobystin V. T. Ivashkin |
author2Str |
O. Z. Okhlobystina A. V. Korolev O. S. Shifrin A. V. Stepanov A. S. Tertychny A. V. Okhlobystin V. T. Ivashkin |
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up_date |
2024-07-03T17:06:50.475Z |
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