Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality
Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Florian Vogt [verfasserIn] Veerle Vanlerberghe [verfasserIn] Rob D’hondt [verfasserIn] Peter Maes [verfasserIn] Wim Van Bortel [verfasserIn] Joachim Mariën [verfasserIn] Bart K M Jacobs [verfasserIn] Denis Sinzinkayo [verfasserIn] Pierre Sinarinzi [verfasserIn] Emmanuel Lampaert [verfasserIn] Jean-Marie Mafuko [verfasserIn] Anja De Weggheleire [verfasserIn] Neil Alexander [verfasserIn] William Wint [verfasserIn] Corey Leclair [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: BMJ Global Health - BMJ Publishing Group, 2018, 7(2022), 12 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:7 ; year:2022 ; number:12 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ083788107 |
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| 520 | |a Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. | ||
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| 700 | 0 | |a Peter Maes |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 0 | |a William Wint |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Corey Leclair |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083788107 (DE-599)DOAJ3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 RC109-216 Florian Vogt verfasserin aut Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. Medicine (General) Infectious and parasitic diseases Veerle Vanlerberghe verfasserin aut Rob D’hondt verfasserin aut Peter Maes verfasserin aut Wim Van Bortel verfasserin aut Joachim Mariën verfasserin aut Bart K M Jacobs verfasserin aut Denis Sinzinkayo verfasserin aut Pierre Sinarinzi verfasserin aut Emmanuel Lampaert verfasserin aut Jean-Marie Mafuko verfasserin aut Anja De Weggheleire verfasserin aut Neil Alexander verfasserin aut William Wint verfasserin aut Corey Leclair verfasserin aut In BMJ Global Health BMJ Publishing Group, 2018 7(2022), 12 (DE-627)85645365X (DE-600)2851843-3 20597908 nnns volume:7 year:2022 number:12 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 kostenfrei https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/12/e009674.full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7908 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2022 12 |
| spelling |
10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083788107 (DE-599)DOAJ3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 RC109-216 Florian Vogt verfasserin aut Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. Medicine (General) Infectious and parasitic diseases Veerle Vanlerberghe verfasserin aut Rob D’hondt verfasserin aut Peter Maes verfasserin aut Wim Van Bortel verfasserin aut Joachim Mariën verfasserin aut Bart K M Jacobs verfasserin aut Denis Sinzinkayo verfasserin aut Pierre Sinarinzi verfasserin aut Emmanuel Lampaert verfasserin aut Jean-Marie Mafuko verfasserin aut Anja De Weggheleire verfasserin aut Neil Alexander verfasserin aut William Wint verfasserin aut Corey Leclair verfasserin aut In BMJ Global Health BMJ Publishing Group, 2018 7(2022), 12 (DE-627)85645365X (DE-600)2851843-3 20597908 nnns volume:7 year:2022 number:12 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 kostenfrei https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/12/e009674.full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7908 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2022 12 |
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10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083788107 (DE-599)DOAJ3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 RC109-216 Florian Vogt verfasserin aut Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. Medicine (General) Infectious and parasitic diseases Veerle Vanlerberghe verfasserin aut Rob D’hondt verfasserin aut Peter Maes verfasserin aut Wim Van Bortel verfasserin aut Joachim Mariën verfasserin aut Bart K M Jacobs verfasserin aut Denis Sinzinkayo verfasserin aut Pierre Sinarinzi verfasserin aut Emmanuel Lampaert verfasserin aut Jean-Marie Mafuko verfasserin aut Anja De Weggheleire verfasserin aut Neil Alexander verfasserin aut William Wint verfasserin aut Corey Leclair verfasserin aut In BMJ Global Health BMJ Publishing Group, 2018 7(2022), 12 (DE-627)85645365X (DE-600)2851843-3 20597908 nnns volume:7 year:2022 number:12 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 kostenfrei https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/12/e009674.full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7908 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2022 12 |
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10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083788107 (DE-599)DOAJ3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 RC109-216 Florian Vogt verfasserin aut Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. Medicine (General) Infectious and parasitic diseases Veerle Vanlerberghe verfasserin aut Rob D’hondt verfasserin aut Peter Maes verfasserin aut Wim Van Bortel verfasserin aut Joachim Mariën verfasserin aut Bart K M Jacobs verfasserin aut Denis Sinzinkayo verfasserin aut Pierre Sinarinzi verfasserin aut Emmanuel Lampaert verfasserin aut Jean-Marie Mafuko verfasserin aut Anja De Weggheleire verfasserin aut Neil Alexander verfasserin aut William Wint verfasserin aut Corey Leclair verfasserin aut In BMJ Global Health BMJ Publishing Group, 2018 7(2022), 12 (DE-627)85645365X (DE-600)2851843-3 20597908 nnns volume:7 year:2022 number:12 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 kostenfrei https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/12/e009674.full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7908 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2022 12 |
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10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 doi (DE-627)DOAJ083788107 (DE-599)DOAJ3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng R5-920 RC109-216 Florian Vogt verfasserin aut Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. Medicine (General) Infectious and parasitic diseases Veerle Vanlerberghe verfasserin aut Rob D’hondt verfasserin aut Peter Maes verfasserin aut Wim Van Bortel verfasserin aut Joachim Mariën verfasserin aut Bart K M Jacobs verfasserin aut Denis Sinzinkayo verfasserin aut Pierre Sinarinzi verfasserin aut Emmanuel Lampaert verfasserin aut Jean-Marie Mafuko verfasserin aut Anja De Weggheleire verfasserin aut Neil Alexander verfasserin aut William Wint verfasserin aut Corey Leclair verfasserin aut In BMJ Global Health BMJ Publishing Group, 2018 7(2022), 12 (DE-627)85645365X (DE-600)2851843-3 20597908 nnns volume:7 year:2022 number:12 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 kostenfrei https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/12/e009674.full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7908 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 7 2022 12 |
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Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality |
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Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. |
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Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are one of the key interventions in the global fight against malaria. Since 2014, mass distribution campaigns of LLINs aim for universal access by all citizens of Burundi. In this context, we assess the impact of LLINs mass distribution campaigns on malaria incidence, focusing on the endemic highland health districts. We also explored the possible correlation between observed trends in malaria incidence with any variations in climate conditions.Methods Malaria cases for 2011—2019 were obtained from the National Health Information System. We developed a generalised additive model based on a time series of routinely collected data with malaria incidence as the response variable and timing of LLIN distribution as an explanatory variable to investigate the duration and magnitude of the LLIN effect on malaria incidence. We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p<0.0001). In years 2 and 3 after distribution, malaria cases started to rise again to levels higher than before the control intervention.Conclusion This study highlights that LLINs did reduce the incidence in the first year after a mass distribution campaign, but in the context of Burundi, LLINs lost their impact after only 1 year. |
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Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality |
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https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 https://doaj.org/article/3839efef68d54843ac271872ec6750b2 https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/12/e009674.full https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7908 |
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Veerle Vanlerberghe Rob D’hondt Peter Maes Wim Van Bortel Joachim Mariën Bart K M Jacobs Denis Sinzinkayo Pierre Sinarinzi Emmanuel Lampaert Jean-Marie Mafuko Anja De Weggheleire Neil Alexander William Wint Corey Leclair |
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Veerle Vanlerberghe Rob D’hondt Peter Maes Wim Van Bortel Joachim Mariën Bart K M Jacobs Denis Sinzinkayo Pierre Sinarinzi Emmanuel Lampaert Jean-Marie Mafuko Anja De Weggheleire Neil Alexander William Wint Corey Leclair |
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10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009674 |
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| up_date |
2024-07-03T19:27:01.402Z |
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We added a seasonal and continuous-time component as further explanatory variables, and health district as a random effect to account for random natural variation in malaria cases between districts.Results Malaria transmission in Burundian highlands was clearly seasonal and increased non-linearly over the study period. Further, a fast and steep decline of malaria incidence was noted during the first year after mass LLIN distribution (p&lt;0.0001). 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