Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic

Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) [verfasserIn] Davide Arcella [verfasserIn] Claudia Cascio [verfasserIn] Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: EFSA Journal - Wiley, 2018, 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:19 ; year:2021 ; number:1 ; pages:n/a-n/a

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ084477369

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allfields	10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084477369 (DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) verfasserin aut Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs. inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Davide Arcella verfasserin aut Claudia Cascio verfasserin aut Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2021 1 n/a-n/a
spelling	10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084477369 (DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) verfasserin aut Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs. inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Davide Arcella verfasserin aut Claudia Cascio verfasserin aut Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2021 1 n/a-n/a
allfields_unstemmed	10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084477369 (DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) verfasserin aut Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs. inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Davide Arcella verfasserin aut Claudia Cascio verfasserin aut Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2021 1 n/a-n/a
allfieldsGer	10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084477369 (DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) verfasserin aut Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs. inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Davide Arcella verfasserin aut Claudia Cascio verfasserin aut Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2021 1 n/a-n/a
allfieldsSound	10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084477369 (DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 TP1-1185 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) verfasserin aut Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs. inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology Davide Arcella verfasserin aut Claudia Cascio verfasserin aut Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz verfasserin aut In EFSA Journal Wiley, 2018 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a (DE-627)618834982 (DE-600)2540248-1 18314732 nnns volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 kostenfrei https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_235 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2021 1 n/a-n/a
language	English
source	In EFSA Journal 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a
sourceStr	In EFSA Journal 19(2021), 1, Seite n/a-n/a volume:19 year:2021 number:1 pages:n/a-n/a
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institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water Nutrition. Foods and food supply Chemical technology
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container_title	EFSA Journal
authorswithroles_txt_mv	European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) @@aut@@ Davide Arcella @@aut@@ Claudia Cascio @@aut@@ Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
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fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000naa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ084477369</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230311030221.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230311s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ084477369</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TX341-641</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TP1-1185</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. 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spellingShingle	European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) misc TX341-641 misc TP1-1185 misc inorganic arsenic misc dietary exposure assessment misc rice misc rice‐based commodities misc drinking water misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply misc Chemical technology Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic
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topic_title	TX341-641 TP1-1185 Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic inorganic arsenic dietary exposure assessment rice rice‐based commodities drinking water
topic	misc TX341-641 misc TP1-1185 misc inorganic arsenic misc dietary exposure assessment misc rice misc rice‐based commodities misc drinking water misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply misc Chemical technology
topic_unstemmed	misc TX341-641 misc TP1-1185 misc inorganic arsenic misc dietary exposure assessment misc rice misc rice‐based commodities misc drinking water misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply misc Chemical technology
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title	Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic
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title_full	Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic
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author_browse	European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Davide Arcella Claudia Cascio Jose Ángel Gómez Ruiz
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title_sort	chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic
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title_auth	Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic
abstract	Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs.
abstractGer	Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. Recommendations were addressed to improve future dietary exposure assessments to iAs.
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title_short	Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic
url	https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380 https://doaj.org/article/4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069 https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732
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up_date	2024-07-03T23:13:01.144Z
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fullrecord_marcxml	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000naa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ084477369</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230311030221.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230311s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6380</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ084477369</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ4c0d0f21a0e145fdb0a29d0368c68069</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TX341-641</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TP1-1185</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract Following an official request to EFSA from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the European population. A total of 13,608 analytical results on iAs were considered in the current assessment (7,623 corresponding to drinking water and 5,985 to different types of food). Samples were collected across Europe between 2013 and 2018. The highest mean dietary exposure estimates at the lower bound (LB) were in toddlers (0.30 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day), and in both infants and toddlers (0.61 μg/kg bw per day) at the upper bound (UB). At the 95th percentile, the highest exposure estimates (LB–UB) were 0.58 and 1.20 μg/kg bw per day in toddlers and infants, respectively. In general, UB estimates were two to three times higher than LB estimates. The mean dietary exposure estimates (LB) were overall below the range of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL01) values of 0.3–8 μg/kg bw per day established by the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain in 2009. However, for the 95th percentile dietary exposure (LB), the maximum estimates for infants, toddlers and other children were within this range of BMDL01 values. Across the different age classes, the main contributors to the dietary exposure to iAs (LB) were ‘Rice’, ‘Rice‐based products’, ‘Grains and grain‐based products (no rice)’ and ‘Drinking water’. Different ad hoc exposure scenarios (e.g. consumption of rice‐based formulae) showed dietary exposure estimates in average and for high consumers close to or within the range of BMDL01 values. The main uncertainties associated with the dietary exposure estimations refer to the impact of using the substitution method to treat the left‐censored data (LB–UB differences), to the lack of information (consumption and occurrence) on some iAs‐containing ingredients in specific food groups, and to the effect of food preparation on the iAs levels. 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Chronic dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic

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