Deeper Spatial Statistical Insights into Small Geographic Area Data Uncertainty
Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which t...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Daniel A. Griffith [verfasserIn] Yongwan Chun [verfasserIn] Monghyeon Lee [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2020 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - MDPI AG, 2005, 18(2020), 231, p 231 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:18 ; year:2020 ; number:231, p 231 |
Links: |
Link aufrufen |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3390/ijerph18010231 |
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Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ084855371 |
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10.3390/ijerph18010231 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084855371 (DE-599)DOAJ9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Daniel A. Griffith verfasserin aut Deeper Spatial Statistical Insights into Small Geographic Area Data Uncertainty 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. big data big spatial data cancer small area small geographic area Medicine R Yongwan Chun verfasserin aut Monghyeon Lee verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 18(2020), 231, p 231 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:18 year:2020 number:231, p 231 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 18 2020 231, p 231 |
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10.3390/ijerph18010231 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084855371 (DE-599)DOAJ9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Daniel A. Griffith verfasserin aut Deeper Spatial Statistical Insights into Small Geographic Area Data Uncertainty 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. big data big spatial data cancer small area small geographic area Medicine R Yongwan Chun verfasserin aut Monghyeon Lee verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 18(2020), 231, p 231 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:18 year:2020 number:231, p 231 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 18 2020 231, p 231 |
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10.3390/ijerph18010231 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084855371 (DE-599)DOAJ9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Daniel A. Griffith verfasserin aut Deeper Spatial Statistical Insights into Small Geographic Area Data Uncertainty 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. big data big spatial data cancer small area small geographic area Medicine R Yongwan Chun verfasserin aut Monghyeon Lee verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 18(2020), 231, p 231 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:18 year:2020 number:231, p 231 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 18 2020 231, p 231 |
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10.3390/ijerph18010231 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084855371 (DE-599)DOAJ9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Daniel A. Griffith verfasserin aut Deeper Spatial Statistical Insights into Small Geographic Area Data Uncertainty 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. big data big spatial data cancer small area small geographic area Medicine R Yongwan Chun verfasserin aut Monghyeon Lee verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 18(2020), 231, p 231 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:18 year:2020 number:231, p 231 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 18 2020 231, p 231 |
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10.3390/ijerph18010231 doi (DE-627)DOAJ084855371 (DE-599)DOAJ9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Daniel A. Griffith verfasserin aut Deeper Spatial Statistical Insights into Small Geographic Area Data Uncertainty 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. big data big spatial data cancer small area small geographic area Medicine R Yongwan Chun verfasserin aut Monghyeon Lee verfasserin aut In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG, 2005 18(2020), 231, p 231 (DE-627)477992463 (DE-600)2175195-X 16604601 nnns volume:18 year:2020 number:231, p 231 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9b0d7b158bf543b081645eb33bb302a6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/231 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 18 2020 231, p 231 |
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Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. |
abstractGer |
Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of small local sample sizes, which tend to inflate local uncertainty and undermine otherwise sound statistical analyses. This condition is the opposite of that afflicting statistical significance in the context of big data. These two definitions can also occur jointly, such as during the standardization of data: small geographic units may contain small populations, which in turn have small counts in various age cohorts. Accordingly, big spatial data can become not-so-big spatial data after post-stratification by geography and, for example, by age cohorts. This situation can be ameliorated to some degree by the large volume of and high velocity of big spatial data. However, the variety of any big spatial data may well exacerbate this situation, compromising veracity in terms of bias, noise, and abnormalities in these data. The purpose of this paper is to establish deeper insights into big spatial data with regard to their uncertainty through one of the hallmarks of georeferenced data, namely spatial autocorrelation, coupled with small geographic areas. Impacts of interest concern the nature, degree, and mixture of spatial autocorrelation. The cancer data employed (from Florida for 2001–2010) represent a data category that is beginning to enter the realm of big spatial data; its volume, velocity, and variety are increasing through the widespread use of digital medical records. |
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