Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications

In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected close...
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Autor*in:	Chien-Chun Huang [verfasserIn] Sheng-Li Yao [verfasserIn] Huang-Jen Chiu [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Schlagwörter:	output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Energies - MDPI AG, 2008, 13(2020), 20, p 5253
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2020 ; number:20, p 5253

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/en13205253

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ08497320X

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allfields	10.3390/en13205253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ08497320X (DE-599)DOAJc07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chien-Chun Huang verfasserin aut Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper. output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance Technology T Sheng-Li Yao verfasserin aut Huang-Jen Chiu verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 13(2020), 20, p 5253 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/20/5253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 20, p 5253
spelling	10.3390/en13205253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ08497320X (DE-599)DOAJc07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chien-Chun Huang verfasserin aut Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper. output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance Technology T Sheng-Li Yao verfasserin aut Huang-Jen Chiu verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 13(2020), 20, p 5253 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/20/5253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 20, p 5253
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/en13205253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ08497320X (DE-599)DOAJc07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chien-Chun Huang verfasserin aut Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper. output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance Technology T Sheng-Li Yao verfasserin aut Huang-Jen Chiu verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 13(2020), 20, p 5253 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/20/5253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 20, p 5253
allfieldsGer	10.3390/en13205253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ08497320X (DE-599)DOAJc07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chien-Chun Huang verfasserin aut Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper. output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance Technology T Sheng-Li Yao verfasserin aut Huang-Jen Chiu verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 13(2020), 20, p 5253 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/20/5253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 20, p 5253
allfieldsSound	10.3390/en13205253 doi (DE-627)DOAJ08497320X (DE-599)DOAJc07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chien-Chun Huang verfasserin aut Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper. output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance Technology T Sheng-Li Yao verfasserin aut Huang-Jen Chiu verfasserin aut In Energies MDPI AG, 2008 13(2020), 20, p 5253 (DE-627)572083742 (DE-600)2437446-5 19961073 nnns volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c07c8d2cb3f64dca8dab5013f98cf92a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/20/5253 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2020 20, p 5253
language	English
source	In Energies 13(2020), 20, p 5253 volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253
sourceStr	In Energies 13(2020), 20, p 5253 volume:13 year:2020 number:20, p 5253
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author	Chien-Chun Huang
spellingShingle	Chien-Chun Huang misc output impedance misc stability analysis misc virtual impedance misc Technology misc T Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications
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topic_title	Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications output impedance stability analysis virtual impedance
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title	Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications
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title_sort	stability analysis and optimal design for virtual impedance of 48 v server power system for data center applications
title_auth	Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications
abstract	In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper.
abstractGer	In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper.
abstract_unstemmed	In the past literature on virtual impedance to series systems, most of the discussion focused on stability without in-depth research on the system design of the series converter and the overall output impedance. Accordingly, this study takes an open-loop resonant LLC converter series-connected closed-loop Buck converter as an example. First, the conditions required for the direct connection of the small-signal model in the series, the effect of feedback compensation on the input impedance of the load stage, the operating frequency, and passive components of the two-stage converter are discussed in detail―the relationship between the matching and the output impedance. Afterwards, a mathematical model is used to discuss the effect of adding parallel virtual impedance on the output impedance of the overall series converter and then derive an optimized virtual impedance design. Finally, an experimental platform of 48 V to 12 V and maximum wattage of 96 W are implemented. The output impedance of the series converter is measured with an impedance analyzer to verify the theoretical analysis proposed in this paper.
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title_short	Stability Analysis and Optimal Design for Virtual Impedance of 48 V Server Power System for Data Center Applications
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