<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020

<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< generates and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) that package cytosolic, cell-wall associated, and membrane proteins, as well as glycopolymers and exoproteins, including alpha hemolysin, leukocidins, phenol-soluble modulins, superantigens, and enzymes. <...
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Autor*in:	Xiaogang Wang [verfasserIn] Paul F. Koffi [verfasserIn] Olivia F. English [verfasserIn] Jean C. Lee [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	extracellular vesicles toxins stress

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Toxins - MDPI AG, 2010, 13(2021), 2, p 75
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2021 ; number:2, p 75

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/toxins13020075

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ085537055

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allfieldsSound	10.3390/toxins13020075 doi (DE-627)DOAJ085537055 (DE-599)DOAJ17ea19fdf31b4ccb89370eb4ef787c3a DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Xiaogang Wang verfasserin aut <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< generates and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) that package cytosolic, cell-wall associated, and membrane proteins, as well as glycopolymers and exoproteins, including alpha hemolysin, leukocidins, phenol-soluble modulins, superantigens, and enzymes. <i<S. aureus</i< EVs, but not EVs from pore-forming toxin-deficient strains, were cytolytic for a variety of mammalian cell types, but EV internalization was not essential for cytotoxicity. Because <i<S. aureus</i< is subject to various environmental stresses during its encounters with the host during infection, we assessed how these exposures affected EV production in vitro. Staphylococci grown at 37 °C or 40 °C did not differ in EV production, but cultures incubated at 30 °C yielded more EVs when grown to the same optical density. <i<S. aureus</i< cultivated in the presence of oxidative stress, in iron-limited media, or with subinhibitory concentrations of ethanol, showed greater EV production as determined by protein yield and quantitative immunoblots. In contrast, hyperosmotic stress or subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin reduced <i<S. aureus</i< EV yield. EVs represent a novel <i<S. aureus</i< secretory system that is affected by a variety of stress responses and allows the delivery of biologically active pore-forming toxins and other virulence determinants to host cells. <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< extracellular vesicles toxins stress Medicine R Paul F. Koffi verfasserin aut Olivia F. English verfasserin aut Jean C. Lee verfasserin aut In Toxins MDPI AG, 2010 13(2021), 2, p 75 (DE-627)610604236 (DE-600)2518395-3 20726651 nnns volume:13 year:2021 number:2, p 75 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020075 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/17ea19fdf31b4ccb89370eb4ef787c3a kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/2/75 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2021 2, p 75
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author	Xiaogang Wang
spellingShingle	Xiaogang Wang misc <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< misc extracellular vesicles misc toxins misc stress misc Medicine misc R <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020
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topic_title	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020 <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< extracellular vesicles toxins stress
topic	misc <i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< misc extracellular vesicles misc toxins misc stress misc Medicine misc R
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title	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020
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title_sort	<i<staphylococcus aureus</i< extracellular vesicles: a story of toxicity and the stress of 2020
title_auth	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020
abstract	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< generates and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) that package cytosolic, cell-wall associated, and membrane proteins, as well as glycopolymers and exoproteins, including alpha hemolysin, leukocidins, phenol-soluble modulins, superantigens, and enzymes. <i<S. aureus</i< EVs, but not EVs from pore-forming toxin-deficient strains, were cytolytic for a variety of mammalian cell types, but EV internalization was not essential for cytotoxicity. Because <i<S. aureus</i< is subject to various environmental stresses during its encounters with the host during infection, we assessed how these exposures affected EV production in vitro. Staphylococci grown at 37 °C or 40 °C did not differ in EV production, but cultures incubated at 30 °C yielded more EVs when grown to the same optical density. <i<S. aureus</i< cultivated in the presence of oxidative stress, in iron-limited media, or with subinhibitory concentrations of ethanol, showed greater EV production as determined by protein yield and quantitative immunoblots. In contrast, hyperosmotic stress or subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin reduced <i<S. aureus</i< EV yield. EVs represent a novel <i<S. aureus</i< secretory system that is affected by a variety of stress responses and allows the delivery of biologically active pore-forming toxins and other virulence determinants to host cells.
abstractGer	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< generates and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) that package cytosolic, cell-wall associated, and membrane proteins, as well as glycopolymers and exoproteins, including alpha hemolysin, leukocidins, phenol-soluble modulins, superantigens, and enzymes. <i<S. aureus</i< EVs, but not EVs from pore-forming toxin-deficient strains, were cytolytic for a variety of mammalian cell types, but EV internalization was not essential for cytotoxicity. Because <i<S. aureus</i< is subject to various environmental stresses during its encounters with the host during infection, we assessed how these exposures affected EV production in vitro. Staphylococci grown at 37 °C or 40 °C did not differ in EV production, but cultures incubated at 30 °C yielded more EVs when grown to the same optical density. <i<S. aureus</i< cultivated in the presence of oxidative stress, in iron-limited media, or with subinhibitory concentrations of ethanol, showed greater EV production as determined by protein yield and quantitative immunoblots. In contrast, hyperosmotic stress or subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin reduced <i<S. aureus</i< EV yield. EVs represent a novel <i<S. aureus</i< secretory system that is affected by a variety of stress responses and allows the delivery of biologically active pore-forming toxins and other virulence determinants to host cells.
abstract_unstemmed	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< generates and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) that package cytosolic, cell-wall associated, and membrane proteins, as well as glycopolymers and exoproteins, including alpha hemolysin, leukocidins, phenol-soluble modulins, superantigens, and enzymes. <i<S. aureus</i< EVs, but not EVs from pore-forming toxin-deficient strains, were cytolytic for a variety of mammalian cell types, but EV internalization was not essential for cytotoxicity. Because <i<S. aureus</i< is subject to various environmental stresses during its encounters with the host during infection, we assessed how these exposures affected EV production in vitro. Staphylococci grown at 37 °C or 40 °C did not differ in EV production, but cultures incubated at 30 °C yielded more EVs when grown to the same optical density. <i<S. aureus</i< cultivated in the presence of oxidative stress, in iron-limited media, or with subinhibitory concentrations of ethanol, showed greater EV production as determined by protein yield and quantitative immunoblots. In contrast, hyperosmotic stress or subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin reduced <i<S. aureus</i< EV yield. EVs represent a novel <i<S. aureus</i< secretory system that is affected by a variety of stress responses and allows the delivery of biologically active pore-forming toxins and other virulence determinants to host cells.
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title_short	<i<Staphylococcus aureus</i< Extracellular Vesicles: A Story of Toxicity and the Stress of 2020
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up_date	2024-07-03T15:20:36.676Z
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