A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum

Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Philipp Wojaczek [verfasserIn] Diego Cristallini [verfasserIn] Daniel W. O’Hagan [verfasserIn] Fabiola Colone [verfasserIn] Giovanni Paolo Blasone [verfasserIn] Pierfrancesco Lombardo [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2020

Schlagwörter:	PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Sensors - MDPI AG, 2003, 21(2020), 1, p 69
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:21 ; year:2020 ; number:1, p 69

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/s21010069

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ087120542

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allfields	10.3390/s21010069 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087120542 (DE-599)DOAJ50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Philipp Wojaczek verfasserin aut A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities. PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression Chemical technology Diego Cristallini verfasserin aut Daniel W. O’Hagan verfasserin aut Fabiola Colone verfasserin aut Giovanni Paolo Blasone verfasserin aut Pierfrancesco Lombardo verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 21(2020), 1, p 69 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010069 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/69 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 21 2020 1, p 69
spelling	10.3390/s21010069 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087120542 (DE-599)DOAJ50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Philipp Wojaczek verfasserin aut A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities. PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression Chemical technology Diego Cristallini verfasserin aut Daniel W. O’Hagan verfasserin aut Fabiola Colone verfasserin aut Giovanni Paolo Blasone verfasserin aut Pierfrancesco Lombardo verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 21(2020), 1, p 69 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010069 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/69 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 21 2020 1, p 69
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/s21010069 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087120542 (DE-599)DOAJ50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Philipp Wojaczek verfasserin aut A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities. PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression Chemical technology Diego Cristallini verfasserin aut Daniel W. O’Hagan verfasserin aut Fabiola Colone verfasserin aut Giovanni Paolo Blasone verfasserin aut Pierfrancesco Lombardo verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 21(2020), 1, p 69 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010069 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/69 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 21 2020 1, p 69
allfieldsGer	10.3390/s21010069 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087120542 (DE-599)DOAJ50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Philipp Wojaczek verfasserin aut A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities. PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression Chemical technology Diego Cristallini verfasserin aut Daniel W. O’Hagan verfasserin aut Fabiola Colone verfasserin aut Giovanni Paolo Blasone verfasserin aut Pierfrancesco Lombardo verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 21(2020), 1, p 69 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010069 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/69 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 21 2020 1, p 69
allfieldsSound	10.3390/s21010069 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087120542 (DE-599)DOAJ50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Philipp Wojaczek verfasserin aut A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities. PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression Chemical technology Diego Cristallini verfasserin aut Daniel W. O’Hagan verfasserin aut Fabiola Colone verfasserin aut Giovanni Paolo Blasone verfasserin aut Pierfrancesco Lombardo verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 21(2020), 1, p 69 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010069 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/1/69 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 21 2020 1, p 69
language	English
source	In Sensors 21(2020), 1, p 69 volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69
sourceStr	In Sensors 21(2020), 1, p 69 volume:21 year:2020 number:1, p 69
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institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression Chemical technology
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container_title	Sensors
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Philipp Wojaczek @@aut@@ Diego Cristallini @@aut@@ Daniel W. O’Hagan @@aut@@ Fabiola Colone @@aut@@ Giovanni Paolo Blasone @@aut@@ Pierfrancesco Lombardo @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Philipp Wojaczek
spellingShingle	Philipp Wojaczek misc TP1-1185 misc PCL misc moving platforms misc passive radar misc calibration misc DPCA misc clutter suppression misc Chemical technology A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum
authorStr	Philipp Wojaczek
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topic_title	TP1-1185 A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum PCL moving platforms passive radar calibration DPCA clutter suppression
topic	misc TP1-1185 misc PCL misc moving platforms misc passive radar misc calibration misc DPCA misc clutter suppression misc Chemical technology
topic_unstemmed	misc TP1-1185 misc PCL misc moving platforms misc passive radar misc calibration misc DPCA misc clutter suppression misc Chemical technology
topic_browse	misc TP1-1185 misc PCL misc moving platforms misc passive radar misc calibration misc DPCA misc clutter suppression misc Chemical technology
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
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title	A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ087120542 (DE-599)DOAJ50f51a0db02745159a6bfcf378024661
title_full	A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum
author_sort	Philipp Wojaczek
journal	Sensors
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author_browse	Philipp Wojaczek Diego Cristallini Daniel W. O’Hagan Fabiola Colone Giovanni Paolo Blasone Pierfrancesco Lombardo
container_volume	21
class	TP1-1185
format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Philipp Wojaczek
doi_str_mv	10.3390/s21010069
author2-role	verfasserin
title_sort	three-stage inter-channel calibration approach for passive radar on moving platforms exploiting the minimum variance power spectrum
callnumber	TP1-1185
title_auth	A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum
abstract	Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities.
abstractGer	Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities.
abstract_unstemmed	Research in passive radar has moved its focus towards passive radar on moving platforms in recent years with the purpose of moving target indication and ground imaging via synthetic aperture radar. This is also fostered by the progress in hardware miniaturization, which alleviates the installation of the required hardware on moving platforms. Terrestrial transmitters, commonly known as illuminators of opportunity in the passive radar community, usually emit the signals in the Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band. Due to the long wavelengths of the VHF/UHF band, there are constraints on the size of the used antenna elements, and therefore, the number of antenna elements to be employed is limited, especially as the platform carrying the passive radar system is intended to be small, potentially even an unmanned aerial vehicle. In order to detect moving targets hidden by Doppler shifted clutter returns, one common approach is to suppress the clutter returns by applying clutter suppression techniques that rely on spatial and temporal degrees of freedom, such as Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA) or Space-Time Adaptive Processing. It has been shown that the DPCA approach is a meaningful technique to suppress the clutter if two antenna elements are employed. However, if the employed receiving channels are not carefully calibrated, the clutter suppression is shown to be not effective. Here, we suggest a three-stage calibration technique in order to perform the calibration of two receiving channels, which involves the exploitation of the direct signal, a data-adaptive amplitude calibration, and finally, a data-adaptive calibration of phase mismatches between both receiving channels by the estimation of the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum of the clutter. The validity of the proposed approach is shown with simulated data and demonstrated on real data from a fast ground moving platform, showing improved clutter cancellation capabilities.
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title_short	A Three-Stage Inter-Channel Calibration Approach for Passive Radar on Moving Platforms Exploiting the Minimum Variance Power Spectrum
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author2	Diego Cristallini Daniel W. O’Hagan Fabiola Colone Giovanni Paolo Blasone Pierfrancesco Lombardo
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