An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers

In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmi...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Mingze Gao [verfasserIn] Zhihao Tong [verfasserIn] Zhipeng Wu [verfasserIn] Liang Lou [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Micromachines - MDPI AG, 2010, 14(2023), 3, p 683
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:14 ; year:2023 ; number:3, p 683

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/mi14030683

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ087290332

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520			\|a In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines.
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allfields	10.3390/mi14030683 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087290332 (DE-599)DOAJba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TJ1-1570 Mingze Gao verfasserin aut An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines. target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control Mechanical engineering and machinery Zhihao Tong verfasserin aut Zhipeng Wu verfasserin aut Liang Lou verfasserin aut In Micromachines MDPI AG, 2010 14(2023), 3, p 683 (DE-627)665016069 (DE-600)2620864-7 2072666X nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/3/683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 3, p 683
spelling	10.3390/mi14030683 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087290332 (DE-599)DOAJba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TJ1-1570 Mingze Gao verfasserin aut An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines. target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control Mechanical engineering and machinery Zhihao Tong verfasserin aut Zhipeng Wu verfasserin aut Liang Lou verfasserin aut In Micromachines MDPI AG, 2010 14(2023), 3, p 683 (DE-627)665016069 (DE-600)2620864-7 2072666X nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/3/683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 3, p 683
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/mi14030683 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087290332 (DE-599)DOAJba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TJ1-1570 Mingze Gao verfasserin aut An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines. target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control Mechanical engineering and machinery Zhihao Tong verfasserin aut Zhipeng Wu verfasserin aut Liang Lou verfasserin aut In Micromachines MDPI AG, 2010 14(2023), 3, p 683 (DE-627)665016069 (DE-600)2620864-7 2072666X nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/3/683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 3, p 683
allfieldsGer	10.3390/mi14030683 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087290332 (DE-599)DOAJba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TJ1-1570 Mingze Gao verfasserin aut An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines. target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control Mechanical engineering and machinery Zhihao Tong verfasserin aut Zhipeng Wu verfasserin aut Liang Lou verfasserin aut In Micromachines MDPI AG, 2010 14(2023), 3, p 683 (DE-627)665016069 (DE-600)2620864-7 2072666X nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/3/683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 3, p 683
allfieldsSound	10.3390/mi14030683 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087290332 (DE-599)DOAJba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TJ1-1570 Mingze Gao verfasserin aut An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines. target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control Mechanical engineering and machinery Zhihao Tong verfasserin aut Zhipeng Wu verfasserin aut Liang Lou verfasserin aut In Micromachines MDPI AG, 2010 14(2023), 3, p 683 (DE-627)665016069 (DE-600)2620864-7 2072666X nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/ba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/3/683 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 3, p 683
language	English
source	In Micromachines 14(2023), 3, p 683 volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683
sourceStr	In Micromachines 14(2023), 3, p 683 volume:14 year:2023 number:3, p 683
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topic_facet	target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control Mechanical engineering and machinery
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Mingze Gao @@aut@@ Zhihao Tong @@aut@@ Zhipeng Wu @@aut@@ Liang Lou @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Mingze Gao
spellingShingle	Mingze Gao misc TJ1-1570 misc target detection system misc ultrasonic sensor misc Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) misc robot control misc Mechanical engineering and machinery An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
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topic_title	TJ1-1570 An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers target detection system ultrasonic sensor Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) robot control
topic	misc TJ1-1570 misc target detection system misc ultrasonic sensor misc Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) misc robot control misc Mechanical engineering and machinery
topic_unstemmed	misc TJ1-1570 misc target detection system misc ultrasonic sensor misc Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) misc robot control misc Mechanical engineering and machinery
topic_browse	misc TJ1-1570 misc target detection system misc ultrasonic sensor misc Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) misc robot control misc Mechanical engineering and machinery
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title	An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
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title_full	An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
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title_sort	ultrasonic target detection system based on piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers
callnumber	TJ1-1570
title_auth	An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
abstract	In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines.
abstractGer	In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines.
abstract_unstemmed	In this paper, an ultrasonic target detection system based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (PMUTs) is proposed, which consists of the PMUTs based ultrasonic sensor and the sensor system. Two pieces of 3 × 3 PMUTs arrays with the resonant frequency of 115 kHz are used as transmitter and receiver of the PMUTs-based ultrasonic sensor. Then, the sensor system can calculate the target’s position through the signal received by the above receiver. The static and dynamic performance of the proposed prototype system are characterized on black, white, and transparent targets. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed system can detect targets of different colors, transparencies, and motion states. In the static experiments, the static location errors of the proposed system in the range of 200 mm to 320 mm are 0.51 mm, 0.50 mm and 0.53 mm, whereas the errors of a commercial laser sensor are 2.89 mm, 0.62 mm, and N\A. In the dynamic experiments, the experimental materials are the targets with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. The proposed system can detect the above targets with a maximum detection error of 4.00%. Meanwhile, the minimum resolution of the proposed system is about 0.5 mm. Finally, in the comprehensive experiments, the proposed system successfully guides a robotic manipulator to realize the detecting, grasping, and moving of a transparent target with 1 mm. This ultrasonic target detection system has demonstrated a cost-effective method to detect targets, especially transparent targets, which can be widely used in the detection and transfer of glass substrates in automated production lines.
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container_issue	3, p 683
title_short	An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030683 https://doaj.org/article/ba98de005e754d4ab51b2c03476e8abf https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/3/683 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666X
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author2	Zhihao Tong Zhipeng Wu Liang Lou
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An Ultrasonic Target Detection System Based on Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers

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