Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus

Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi ass...
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Autor*in:	Gedeon Nsabiyumva [verfasserIn] Charity K. Mutegi [verfasserIn] John M. Wagacha [verfasserIn] Asha B. Mohamed [verfasserIn] Nancy K. Njeru [verfasserIn] Privat Ndayihanzamaso [verfasserIn] Marie Chantal Niyuhire [verfasserIn] Joseph Atehnkeng [verfasserIn] Emmanuel Njukwe [verfasserIn] Kenneth A. Callicott [verfasserIn] Peter J. Cotty [verfasserIn] Alejandro Ortega-Beltran [verfasserIn] Ranajit Bandyopadhyay [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Microbiology - Frontiers Media S.A., 2011, 14(2023)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:14 ; year:2023

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ087902974

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allfields	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087902974 (DE-599)DOAJ3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Gedeon Nsabiyumva verfasserin aut Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain. atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity Microbiology Charity K. Mutegi verfasserin aut John M. Wagacha verfasserin aut Asha B. Mohamed verfasserin aut Nancy K. Njeru verfasserin aut Privat Ndayihanzamaso verfasserin aut Marie Chantal Niyuhire verfasserin aut Joseph Atehnkeng verfasserin aut Emmanuel Njukwe verfasserin aut Kenneth A. Callicott verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Alejandro Ortega-Beltran verfasserin aut Ranajit Bandyopadhyay verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 14(2023) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:14 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023
spelling	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087902974 (DE-599)DOAJ3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Gedeon Nsabiyumva verfasserin aut Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain. atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity Microbiology Charity K. Mutegi verfasserin aut John M. Wagacha verfasserin aut Asha B. Mohamed verfasserin aut Nancy K. Njeru verfasserin aut Privat Ndayihanzamaso verfasserin aut Marie Chantal Niyuhire verfasserin aut Joseph Atehnkeng verfasserin aut Emmanuel Njukwe verfasserin aut Kenneth A. Callicott verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Alejandro Ortega-Beltran verfasserin aut Ranajit Bandyopadhyay verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 14(2023) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:14 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023
allfields_unstemmed	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087902974 (DE-599)DOAJ3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Gedeon Nsabiyumva verfasserin aut Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain. atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity Microbiology Charity K. Mutegi verfasserin aut John M. Wagacha verfasserin aut Asha B. Mohamed verfasserin aut Nancy K. Njeru verfasserin aut Privat Ndayihanzamaso verfasserin aut Marie Chantal Niyuhire verfasserin aut Joseph Atehnkeng verfasserin aut Emmanuel Njukwe verfasserin aut Kenneth A. Callicott verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Alejandro Ortega-Beltran verfasserin aut Ranajit Bandyopadhyay verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 14(2023) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:14 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023
allfieldsGer	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087902974 (DE-599)DOAJ3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Gedeon Nsabiyumva verfasserin aut Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain. atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity Microbiology Charity K. Mutegi verfasserin aut John M. Wagacha verfasserin aut Asha B. Mohamed verfasserin aut Nancy K. Njeru verfasserin aut Privat Ndayihanzamaso verfasserin aut Marie Chantal Niyuhire verfasserin aut Joseph Atehnkeng verfasserin aut Emmanuel Njukwe verfasserin aut Kenneth A. Callicott verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Alejandro Ortega-Beltran verfasserin aut Ranajit Bandyopadhyay verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 14(2023) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:14 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023
allfieldsSound	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 doi (DE-627)DOAJ087902974 (DE-599)DOAJ3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QR1-502 Gedeon Nsabiyumva verfasserin aut Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain. atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity Microbiology Charity K. Mutegi verfasserin aut John M. Wagacha verfasserin aut Asha B. Mohamed verfasserin aut Nancy K. Njeru verfasserin aut Privat Ndayihanzamaso verfasserin aut Marie Chantal Niyuhire verfasserin aut Joseph Atehnkeng verfasserin aut Emmanuel Njukwe verfasserin aut Kenneth A. Callicott verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Peter J. Cotty verfasserin aut Alejandro Ortega-Beltran verfasserin aut Ranajit Bandyopadhyay verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers Media S.A., 2011 14(2023) (DE-627)642889384 (DE-600)2587354-4 1664302X nnns volume:14 year:2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023
language	English
source	In Frontiers in Microbiology 14(2023) volume:14 year:2023
sourceStr	In Frontiers in Microbiology 14(2023) volume:14 year:2023
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity Microbiology
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Frontiers in Microbiology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Gedeon Nsabiyumva @@aut@@ Charity K. Mutegi @@aut@@ John M. Wagacha @@aut@@ Asha B. Mohamed @@aut@@ Nancy K. Njeru @@aut@@ Privat Ndayihanzamaso @@aut@@ Marie Chantal Niyuhire @@aut@@ Joseph Atehnkeng @@aut@@ Emmanuel Njukwe @@aut@@ Kenneth A. Callicott @@aut@@ Peter J. Cotty @@aut@@ Alejandro Ortega-Beltran @@aut@@ Ranajit Bandyopadhyay @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	642889384
id	DOAJ087902974
language_de	englisch
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author	Gedeon Nsabiyumva
spellingShingle	Gedeon Nsabiyumva misc QR1-502 misc atoxigenic misc biocontrol misc toxigenic misc Aspergillus section Flavi misc diversity misc Microbiology Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
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topic_title	QR1-502 Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus atoxigenic biocontrol toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi diversity
topic	misc QR1-502 misc atoxigenic misc biocontrol misc toxigenic misc Aspergillus section Flavi misc diversity misc Microbiology
topic_unstemmed	misc QR1-502 misc atoxigenic misc biocontrol misc toxigenic misc Aspergillus section Flavi misc diversity misc Microbiology
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title	Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
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title_full	Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
author_sort	Gedeon Nsabiyumva
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author_browse	Gedeon Nsabiyumva Charity K. Mutegi John M. Wagacha Asha B. Mohamed Nancy K. Njeru Privat Ndayihanzamaso Marie Chantal Niyuhire Joseph Atehnkeng Emmanuel Njukwe Kenneth A. Callicott Peter J. Cotty Alejandro Ortega-Beltran Ranajit Bandyopadhyay
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title_sort	aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in burundi: distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of aspergillus flavus
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title_auth	Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
abstract	Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain.
abstractGer	Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain.
abstract_unstemmed	Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest in Burundi, (ii) characterized populations of Aspergillus section Flavi associated with the two crops, and (iii) assessed aflatoxin-producing potentials among the recovered fungi. A total of 120 groundnut and 380 maize samples were collected at harvest from eight and 16 provinces, respectively. Most of the groundnut (93%) and maize (87%) contained aflatoxin below the European Union threshold, 4 μg/kg. Morphological characterization of the recovered Aspergillus section Flavi fungi revealed that the L-morphotype of A. flavus was the predominant species. Aflatoxin production potentials of the L-morphotype isolates were evaluated in maize fermentations. Some isolates produced over 137,000 μg/kg aflatoxin B1. Thus, despite the relatively low aflatoxin levels at harvest, the association of both crops with highly toxigenic fungi poses significant risk of post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and suggests measures to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in Burundi should be developed. Over 55% of the L-morphotype A. flavus did not produce aflatoxins. These atoxigenic L-morphotype fungi were characterized using molecular markers. Several atoxigenic genotypes were detected across the country and could be used as biocontrol agents. The results from the current study hold promise for developing aflatoxin management strategies centered on biocontrol for use in Burundi to reduce aflatoxin contamination throughout the value chain.
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title_short	Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543 https://doaj.org/article/3d2f4bcac6614b11aa4472cc0f287da3 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106543/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X
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author2Str	Charity K. Mutegi John M. Wagacha Asha B. Mohamed Nancy K. Njeru Privat Ndayihanzamaso Marie Chantal Niyuhire Joseph Atehnkeng Emmanuel Njukwe Kenneth A. Callicott Peter J. Cotty Alejandro Ortega-Beltran Ranajit Bandyopadhyay
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Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus

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