The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations

<p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p< Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	M. V. Guarino [verfasserIn] L. C. Sime [verfasserIn] R. Diamond [verfasserIn] J. Ridley [verfasserIn] D. Schroeder [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Climate of the Past - Copernicus Publications, 2005, 19(2023), Seite 865-881
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:19 ; year:2023 ; pages:865-881

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ089923057

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allfields	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 doi (DE-627)DOAJ089923057 (DE-599)DOAJf91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TD172-193.5 TD169-171.8 GE1-350 M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p< Environmental pollution Environmental protection Environmental sciences M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut L. C. Sime verfasserin aut R. Diamond verfasserin aut J. Ridley verfasserin aut D. Schroeder verfasserin aut In Climate of the Past Copernicus Publications, 2005 19(2023), Seite 865-881 (DE-627)505943697 (DE-600)2217985-9 18149332 nnns volume:19 year:2023 pages:865-881 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 kostenfrei https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/865/2023/cp-19-865-2023.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2023 865-881
spelling	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 doi (DE-627)DOAJ089923057 (DE-599)DOAJf91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TD172-193.5 TD169-171.8 GE1-350 M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p< Environmental pollution Environmental protection Environmental sciences M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut L. C. Sime verfasserin aut R. Diamond verfasserin aut J. Ridley verfasserin aut D. Schroeder verfasserin aut In Climate of the Past Copernicus Publications, 2005 19(2023), Seite 865-881 (DE-627)505943697 (DE-600)2217985-9 18149332 nnns volume:19 year:2023 pages:865-881 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 kostenfrei https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/865/2023/cp-19-865-2023.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2023 865-881
allfields_unstemmed	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 doi (DE-627)DOAJ089923057 (DE-599)DOAJf91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TD172-193.5 TD169-171.8 GE1-350 M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p< Environmental pollution Environmental protection Environmental sciences M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut L. C. Sime verfasserin aut R. Diamond verfasserin aut J. Ridley verfasserin aut D. Schroeder verfasserin aut In Climate of the Past Copernicus Publications, 2005 19(2023), Seite 865-881 (DE-627)505943697 (DE-600)2217985-9 18149332 nnns volume:19 year:2023 pages:865-881 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 kostenfrei https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/865/2023/cp-19-865-2023.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2023 865-881
allfieldsGer	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 doi (DE-627)DOAJ089923057 (DE-599)DOAJf91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TD172-193.5 TD169-171.8 GE1-350 M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p< Environmental pollution Environmental protection Environmental sciences M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut L. C. Sime verfasserin aut R. Diamond verfasserin aut J. Ridley verfasserin aut D. Schroeder verfasserin aut In Climate of the Past Copernicus Publications, 2005 19(2023), Seite 865-881 (DE-627)505943697 (DE-600)2217985-9 18149332 nnns volume:19 year:2023 pages:865-881 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 kostenfrei https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/865/2023/cp-19-865-2023.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2023 865-881
allfieldsSound	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 doi (DE-627)DOAJ089923057 (DE-599)DOAJf91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TD172-193.5 TD169-171.8 GE1-350 M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier <p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p< Environmental pollution Environmental protection Environmental sciences M. V. Guarino verfasserin aut L. C. Sime verfasserin aut R. Diamond verfasserin aut J. Ridley verfasserin aut D. Schroeder verfasserin aut In Climate of the Past Copernicus Publications, 2005 19(2023), Seite 865-881 (DE-627)505943697 (DE-600)2217985-9 18149332 nnns volume:19 year:2023 pages:865-881 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/f91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 kostenfrei https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/865/2023/cp-19-865-2023.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 19 2023 865-881
language	English
source	In Climate of the Past 19(2023), Seite 865-881 volume:19 year:2023 pages:865-881
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topic_title	TD172-193.5 TD169-171.8 GE1-350 The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations
topic	misc TD172-193.5 misc TD169-171.8 misc GE1-350 misc Environmental pollution misc Environmental protection misc Environmental sciences
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title	The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ089923057 (DE-599)DOAJf91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2
title_full	The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations
author_sort	M. V. Guarino
journal	Climate of the Past
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container_start_page	865
author_browse	M. V. Guarino L. C. Sime R. Diamond J. Ridley D. Schroeder
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doi_str_mv	10.5194/cp-19-865-2023
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title_sort	coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: last interglacial cmip6–pmip4 hadgem3 simulations
callnumber	TD172-193.5
title_auth	The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations
abstract	<p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p<
abstractGer	<p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p<
abstract_unstemmed	<p<The <i<lig127k-H11</i< simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50<span class="inline-formula"<<sup<∘</sup<</span< N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by <span class="inline-formula"<+0.1</span<–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of <span class="inline-formula"<−0.2</span< PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.</p<
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title_short	The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations
url	https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-865-2023 https://doaj.org/article/f91503008994459d99eacb59bd8223b2 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/19/865/2023/cp-19-865-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332
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