Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks

Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Poras Khetarpal [verfasserIn] Neelu Nagpal [verfasserIn] Mohammed S. Al-Numay [verfasserIn] Pierluigi Siano [verfasserIn] Yogendra Arya [verfasserIn] Neelam Kassarwani [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	Power quality monitoring power quality disturbance deep auto-encoders optimal feature extraction power quality event detection

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: IEEE Access - IEEE, 2014, 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2023 ; pages:46026-46038

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ090659317

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allfields	10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 doi (DE-627)DOAJ090659317 (DE-599)DOAJ814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 Poras Khetarpal verfasserin aut Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time. Power quality monitoring power quality disturbance deep auto-encoders optimal feature extraction power quality event detection Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Neelu Nagpal verfasserin aut Mohammed S. Al-Numay verfasserin aut Pierluigi Siano verfasserin aut Yogendra Arya verfasserin aut Neelam Kassarwani verfasserin aut In IEEE Access IEEE, 2014 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038 (DE-627)728440385 (DE-600)2687964-5 21693536 nnns volume:11 year:2023 pages:46026-46038 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 kostenfrei https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10122522/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 46026-46038
spelling	10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 doi (DE-627)DOAJ090659317 (DE-599)DOAJ814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 Poras Khetarpal verfasserin aut Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time. Power quality monitoring power quality disturbance deep auto-encoders optimal feature extraction power quality event detection Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Neelu Nagpal verfasserin aut Mohammed S. Al-Numay verfasserin aut Pierluigi Siano verfasserin aut Yogendra Arya verfasserin aut Neelam Kassarwani verfasserin aut In IEEE Access IEEE, 2014 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038 (DE-627)728440385 (DE-600)2687964-5 21693536 nnns volume:11 year:2023 pages:46026-46038 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 kostenfrei https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10122522/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 46026-46038
allfields_unstemmed	10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 doi (DE-627)DOAJ090659317 (DE-599)DOAJ814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 Poras Khetarpal verfasserin aut Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time. Power quality monitoring power quality disturbance deep auto-encoders optimal feature extraction power quality event detection Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Neelu Nagpal verfasserin aut Mohammed S. Al-Numay verfasserin aut Pierluigi Siano verfasserin aut Yogendra Arya verfasserin aut Neelam Kassarwani verfasserin aut In IEEE Access IEEE, 2014 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038 (DE-627)728440385 (DE-600)2687964-5 21693536 nnns volume:11 year:2023 pages:46026-46038 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 kostenfrei https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10122522/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 46026-46038
allfieldsGer	10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 doi (DE-627)DOAJ090659317 (DE-599)DOAJ814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 Poras Khetarpal verfasserin aut Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time. Power quality monitoring power quality disturbance deep auto-encoders optimal feature extraction power quality event detection Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Neelu Nagpal verfasserin aut Mohammed S. Al-Numay verfasserin aut Pierluigi Siano verfasserin aut Yogendra Arya verfasserin aut Neelam Kassarwani verfasserin aut In IEEE Access IEEE, 2014 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038 (DE-627)728440385 (DE-600)2687964-5 21693536 nnns volume:11 year:2023 pages:46026-46038 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 kostenfrei https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10122522/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 46026-46038
allfieldsSound	10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 doi (DE-627)DOAJ090659317 (DE-599)DOAJ814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TK1-9971 Poras Khetarpal verfasserin aut Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time. Power quality monitoring power quality disturbance deep auto-encoders optimal feature extraction power quality event detection Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Neelu Nagpal verfasserin aut Mohammed S. Al-Numay verfasserin aut Pierluigi Siano verfasserin aut Yogendra Arya verfasserin aut Neelam Kassarwani verfasserin aut In IEEE Access IEEE, 2014 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038 (DE-627)728440385 (DE-600)2687964-5 21693536 nnns volume:11 year:2023 pages:46026-46038 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3274732 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/814e9a5c3d0f4eb69439d19180f31c31 kostenfrei https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10122522/ kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 46026-46038
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source	In IEEE Access 11(2023), Seite 46026-46038 volume:11 year:2023 pages:46026-46038
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title	Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks
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author_browse	Poras Khetarpal Neelu Nagpal Mohammed S. Al-Numay Pierluigi Siano Yogendra Arya Neelam Kassarwani
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title_sort	power quality disturbances detection and classification based on deep convolution auto-encoder networks
callnumber	TK1-9971
title_auth	Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks
abstract	Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time.
abstractGer	Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time.
abstract_unstemmed	Power quality issues are required to be addressed properly in forthcoming era of smart meters, smart grids and increase in renewable energy integration. In this paper, Deep Auto-encoder (DAE) networks is proposed for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification and its location detection without using complex signal processing techniques and complex classifiers. In this technique, Gabor filter is used to extract a set of general Gabor features from the convolution of PQD image. Subsequently, through sparse based DAE network, essential and optimal features are extracted and learnt which are used by a simple classifier (SoftMax) to classify the PQD type. Furthermore, the temporal information of the PQD is obtained using the PQD image to correctly locate the disturbance’s initiating and terminating instants. The proposed DAE network has the benefits of Deep Learning-based networks in terms of automatic feature selection, but it requires smaller data sets. The issue of obtaining optimised, robust, and strong features from the PQD signal is thus resolved. Excellent classification accuracy of PQD is obtained with appropriate network parameter setting of the proposed DAE network. The proposed technique is compared with three other methods i.e. support vector machine (SVM), stacked auto-encoder (SAE) and principal component analysis (PCA) for PQD classification by implementing all the four techniques on python platform using the same data set. It has an overall classification accuracy of more than 97% at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20dB, which is on the higher side when compared to other methods of PQD detection under noisy environment. Additionally, this method requires less computation time with the same data set than alternative approaches like SVM. Thus, the proposed method outperforms existing methods for PQD classification and detection of single disturbance and multi-disturbance in terms of greater accuracy and reduced computation complexity and computation time.
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title_short	Power Quality Disturbances Detection and Classification Based on Deep Convolution Auto-Encoder Networks
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author2	Neelu Nagpal Mohammed S. Al-Numay Pierluigi Siano Yogendra Arya Neelam Kassarwani
author2Str	Neelu Nagpal Mohammed S. Al-Numay Pierluigi Siano Yogendra Arya Neelam Kassarwani
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