Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)

Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Marianne Hope Abel [verfasserIn] Torunn Holm Totland [verfasserIn] Kristin Holvik [verfasserIn] Anne Lise Brantsæter [verfasserIn] Steinar Krokstad [verfasserIn] Bjørn Olav Åsvold [verfasserIn] Haakon E. Meyer [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Food & Nutrition Research - Swedish Nutrition Foundation, 2008, 68(2024), Seite 11
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:68 ; year:2024 ; pages:11

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.29219/fnr.v68.9761

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ09246369X

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520			\|a Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway.
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allfields	10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09246369X (DE-599)DOAJ9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 Marianne Hope Abel verfasserin aut Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway. iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants Nutrition. Foods and food supply Torunn Holm Totland verfasserin aut Kristin Holvik verfasserin aut Anne Lise Brantsæter verfasserin aut Steinar Krokstad verfasserin aut Bjørn Olav Åsvold verfasserin aut Haakon E. Meyer verfasserin aut In Food & Nutrition Research Swedish Nutrition Foundation, 2008 68(2024), Seite 11 (DE-627)561316872 (DE-600)2418338-6 1654661X nnns volume:68 year:2024 pages:11 https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 kostenfrei https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/9761/17089 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1654-661X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 68 2024 11
spelling	10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09246369X (DE-599)DOAJ9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 Marianne Hope Abel verfasserin aut Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway. iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants Nutrition. Foods and food supply Torunn Holm Totland verfasserin aut Kristin Holvik verfasserin aut Anne Lise Brantsæter verfasserin aut Steinar Krokstad verfasserin aut Bjørn Olav Åsvold verfasserin aut Haakon E. Meyer verfasserin aut In Food & Nutrition Research Swedish Nutrition Foundation, 2008 68(2024), Seite 11 (DE-627)561316872 (DE-600)2418338-6 1654661X nnns volume:68 year:2024 pages:11 https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 kostenfrei https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/9761/17089 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1654-661X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 68 2024 11
allfields_unstemmed	10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09246369X (DE-599)DOAJ9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 Marianne Hope Abel verfasserin aut Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway. iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants Nutrition. Foods and food supply Torunn Holm Totland verfasserin aut Kristin Holvik verfasserin aut Anne Lise Brantsæter verfasserin aut Steinar Krokstad verfasserin aut Bjørn Olav Åsvold verfasserin aut Haakon E. Meyer verfasserin aut In Food & Nutrition Research Swedish Nutrition Foundation, 2008 68(2024), Seite 11 (DE-627)561316872 (DE-600)2418338-6 1654661X nnns volume:68 year:2024 pages:11 https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 kostenfrei https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/9761/17089 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1654-661X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 68 2024 11
allfieldsGer	10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09246369X (DE-599)DOAJ9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 Marianne Hope Abel verfasserin aut Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway. iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants Nutrition. Foods and food supply Torunn Holm Totland verfasserin aut Kristin Holvik verfasserin aut Anne Lise Brantsæter verfasserin aut Steinar Krokstad verfasserin aut Bjørn Olav Åsvold verfasserin aut Haakon E. Meyer verfasserin aut In Food & Nutrition Research Swedish Nutrition Foundation, 2008 68(2024), Seite 11 (DE-627)561316872 (DE-600)2418338-6 1654661X nnns volume:68 year:2024 pages:11 https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 kostenfrei https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/9761/17089 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1654-661X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 68 2024 11
allfieldsSound	10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09246369X (DE-599)DOAJ9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TX341-641 Marianne Hope Abel verfasserin aut Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway. iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants Nutrition. Foods and food supply Torunn Holm Totland verfasserin aut Kristin Holvik verfasserin aut Anne Lise Brantsæter verfasserin aut Steinar Krokstad verfasserin aut Bjørn Olav Åsvold verfasserin aut Haakon E. Meyer verfasserin aut In Food & Nutrition Research Swedish Nutrition Foundation, 2008 68(2024), Seite 11 (DE-627)561316872 (DE-600)2418338-6 1654661X nnns volume:68 year:2024 pages:11 https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 kostenfrei https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/9761/17089 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1654-661X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 68 2024 11
language	English
source	In Food & Nutrition Research 68(2024), Seite 11 volume:68 year:2024 pages:11
sourceStr	In Food & Nutrition Research 68(2024), Seite 11 volume:68 year:2024 pages:11
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants Nutrition. Foods and food supply
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Food & Nutrition Research
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Marianne Hope Abel @@aut@@ Torunn Holm Totland @@aut@@ Kristin Holvik @@aut@@ Anne Lise Brantsæter @@aut@@ Steinar Krokstad @@aut@@ Bjørn Olav Åsvold @@aut@@ Haakon E. Meyer @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	561316872
id	DOAJ09246369X
language_de	englisch
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Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. 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author	Marianne Hope Abel
spellingShingle	Marianne Hope Abel misc TX341-641 misc iodine status misc urinary iodine concentration misc the hunt-study misc dietary determinants misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)
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topic_title	TX341-641 Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study) iodine status urinary iodine concentration the hunt-study dietary determinants
topic	misc TX341-641 misc iodine status misc urinary iodine concentration misc the hunt-study misc dietary determinants misc Nutrition. Foods and food supply
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title	Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)
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title_full	Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)
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author_browse	Marianne Hope Abel Torunn Holm Totland Kristin Holvik Anne Lise Brantsæter Steinar Krokstad Bjørn Olav Åsvold Haakon E. Meyer
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title_sort	iodine status and determinants in adults in norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (the hunt study)
callnumber	TX341-641
title_auth	Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)
abstract	Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway.
abstractGer	Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: In Norway, there is a lack of knowledge about the iodine status in the general and older adult population, and there is no established national monitoring programme for iodine. Several studies have indicated that iodine deficiency is prevalent in subgroups of the population. Salt iodisation is currently being considered as a measure to increase the population iodine status. In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate iodine status and determinants in the adult and older adult population in Mid-Norway, before salt iodisation is likely to be initiated. Methods: The study sample was a subsample of participants in the fourth wave of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) with available spot-urine samples. This subsample included participants with 25–64 years (n = 500) and 70–79 years (n = 250). The urine samples were analysed for iodine and creatinine. Information on the habitual intake of milk/yoghurt, fish, supplement use, use of thyroid medication and relevant background factors was collected through a general questionnaire. Multivariable quantile regression was used to model differences in the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) by determinants. Estimates were weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the Norwegian population aged 25–79 years in 2019. Results: Median UIC was 97 µg/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92, 103) indicating borderline iodine deficiency at a group level. The median UIC increased with age, and iodine status was insufficient in participants below age 55 years (median 92 µg/L [95% CI: 85, 99]). Important determinants of UIC were habitual milk/yoghurt intake, daily supplement use and current use of thyroid medication, but not intake of lean or fatty fish. Risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency was seen in those with a low intake of milk/yoghurt, no supplement use and who did not use thyroid medication. No group was identified as being at risk of iodine excess. Conclusion: Iodine status was adequate in older adults but mildly deficient in adults under 55 years. Milk intake, supplement use and use of thyroid medication are important determinants of iodine intake in Norway.
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title_short	Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)
url	https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9761 https://doaj.org/article/9cdaeba1882d4d51a36e637e8a3ead05 https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/9761/17089 https://doaj.org/toc/1654-661X
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Iodine status and determinants in adults in Norway – results from a population-based health examination survey (The HUNT Study)

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