The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises

Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfuncti...
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Autor*in:	Jung-Ha Sung [verfasserIn] Woosung Jung [verfasserIn] Junsig Wang [verfasserIn] Jung-Hyun Kim [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Healthcare - MDPI AG, 2013, 11(2023), 14, p 1977
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2023 ; number:14, p 1977

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/healthcare11141977

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ093896980

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520			\|a Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances.
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allfields	10.3390/healthcare11141977 doi (DE-627)DOAJ093896980 (DE-599)DOAJ0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jung-Ha Sung verfasserin aut The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances. shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation Medicine R Woosung Jung verfasserin aut Junsig Wang verfasserin aut Jung-Hyun Kim verfasserin aut In Healthcare MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 14, p 1977 (DE-627)750371544 (DE-600)2721009-1 22279032 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:14, p 1977 https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11141977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/14/1977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 14, p 1977
spelling	10.3390/healthcare11141977 doi (DE-627)DOAJ093896980 (DE-599)DOAJ0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jung-Ha Sung verfasserin aut The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances. shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation Medicine R Woosung Jung verfasserin aut Junsig Wang verfasserin aut Jung-Hyun Kim verfasserin aut In Healthcare MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 14, p 1977 (DE-627)750371544 (DE-600)2721009-1 22279032 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:14, p 1977 https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11141977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/14/1977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 14, p 1977
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/healthcare11141977 doi (DE-627)DOAJ093896980 (DE-599)DOAJ0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jung-Ha Sung verfasserin aut The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances. shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation Medicine R Woosung Jung verfasserin aut Junsig Wang verfasserin aut Jung-Hyun Kim verfasserin aut In Healthcare MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 14, p 1977 (DE-627)750371544 (DE-600)2721009-1 22279032 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:14, p 1977 https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11141977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/14/1977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 14, p 1977
allfieldsGer	10.3390/healthcare11141977 doi (DE-627)DOAJ093896980 (DE-599)DOAJ0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jung-Ha Sung verfasserin aut The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances. shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation Medicine R Woosung Jung verfasserin aut Junsig Wang verfasserin aut Jung-Hyun Kim verfasserin aut In Healthcare MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 14, p 1977 (DE-627)750371544 (DE-600)2721009-1 22279032 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:14, p 1977 https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11141977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/14/1977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 14, p 1977
allfieldsSound	10.3390/healthcare11141977 doi (DE-627)DOAJ093896980 (DE-599)DOAJ0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jung-Ha Sung verfasserin aut The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances. shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation Medicine R Woosung Jung verfasserin aut Junsig Wang verfasserin aut Jung-Hyun Kim verfasserin aut In Healthcare MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 14, p 1977 (DE-627)750371544 (DE-600)2721009-1 22279032 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:14, p 1977 https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11141977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/0c62da23b5f0466cabb7905874da1cc6 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/14/1977 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 14, p 1977
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Jung-Ha Sung @@aut@@ Woosung Jung @@aut@@ Junsig Wang @@aut@@ Jung-Hyun Kim @@aut@@
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author	Jung-Ha Sung
spellingShingle	Jung-Ha Sung misc shoulder muscle activity misc muscle co-contraction misc electromyography misc external rotation misc rehabilitation misc Medicine misc R The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises
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topic_title	The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises shoulder muscle activity muscle co-contraction electromyography external rotation rehabilitation
topic	misc shoulder muscle activity misc muscle co-contraction misc electromyography misc external rotation misc rehabilitation misc Medicine misc R
topic_unstemmed	misc shoulder muscle activity misc muscle co-contraction misc electromyography misc external rotation misc rehabilitation misc Medicine misc R
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title	The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises
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title_full	The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises
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title_sort	effects of body positions and abduction angles on shoulder muscle activity patterns during external rotation exercises
title_auth	The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises
abstract	Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances.
abstractGer	Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Excess and repetitive glenohumeral external rotation (ER) is at a higher risk for shoulder injuries, which occurs frequently in professional sports and specific occupations. Current rehabilitation programs emphasize selective targeting of muscle activity, which can help restore dysfunctional muscle imbalances or prevent injuries. However, the impact of different body postures on GH muscle activity during ER exercises has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate shoulder EMG activity for different body positions and humeral abduction angles during ER exercises. Method: Twenty-three healthy young men (age: 22.3 ± 2.3, height: 175.75 ± 4.02, mass: 75.37 ± 9.14) participated in this study. Surface Electromyography was recorded from seven shoulder muscles: upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, infraspinatus, and deltoid. Six ER exercises: three postures (sitting, supine lying, and prone lying) and two abduction angles (ABD; 45° and 90°) were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: During a sitting position, the lower trapezius/upper trapezius muscle activity ratios were significantly increased for sitting compared to supine lying and prone lying (<i<p</i< < 0.001, <i<p</i< = 0.004). Serratus anterior/upper trapezius co-contraction indices were significantly increased for 90° than 45° ABD (<i<p</i< < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings can provide insight into new training programs aimed at restoring GH muscle imbalances.
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container_issue	14, p 1977
title_short	The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises
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author2	Woosung Jung Junsig Wang Jung-Hyun Kim
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The Effects of Body Positions and Abduction Angles on Shoulder Muscle Activity Patterns during External Rotation Exercises

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