Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants

Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present &...
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Autor*in:	Michaela Kraus [verfasserIn] Michalis Kourniotis [verfasserIn] María Laura Arias [verfasserIn] Andrea F. Torres [verfasserIn] Dieter H. Nickeler [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	stars: massive stars: supergiants stars: winds outflows circumstellar matter

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Galaxies - MDPI AG, 2013, 11(2023), 3, p 76
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2023 ; number:3, p 76

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/galaxies11030076

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ094150532

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520			\|a Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell.
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spelling	10.3390/galaxies11030076 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094150532 (DE-599)DOAJdec091d0e4e74470b0a4093f95551293 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QB1-991 Michaela Kraus verfasserin aut Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell. stars: massive stars: supergiants stars: winds outflows circumstellar matter Astronomy Michalis Kourniotis verfasserin aut María Laura Arias verfasserin aut Andrea F. Torres verfasserin aut Dieter H. Nickeler verfasserin aut In Galaxies MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 3, p 76 (DE-627)730276740 (DE-600)2691049-4 20754434 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:3, p 76 https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies11030076 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/dec091d0e4e74470b0a4093f95551293 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/11/3/76 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4434 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 3, p 76
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/galaxies11030076 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094150532 (DE-599)DOAJdec091d0e4e74470b0a4093f95551293 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QB1-991 Michaela Kraus verfasserin aut Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell. stars: massive stars: supergiants stars: winds outflows circumstellar matter Astronomy Michalis Kourniotis verfasserin aut María Laura Arias verfasserin aut Andrea F. Torres verfasserin aut Dieter H. Nickeler verfasserin aut In Galaxies MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 3, p 76 (DE-627)730276740 (DE-600)2691049-4 20754434 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:3, p 76 https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies11030076 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/dec091d0e4e74470b0a4093f95551293 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/11/3/76 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4434 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 3, p 76
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allfieldsSound	10.3390/galaxies11030076 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094150532 (DE-599)DOAJdec091d0e4e74470b0a4093f95551293 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QB1-991 Michaela Kraus verfasserin aut Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell. stars: massive stars: supergiants stars: winds outflows circumstellar matter Astronomy Michalis Kourniotis verfasserin aut María Laura Arias verfasserin aut Andrea F. Torres verfasserin aut Dieter H. Nickeler verfasserin aut In Galaxies MDPI AG, 2013 11(2023), 3, p 76 (DE-627)730276740 (DE-600)2691049-4 20754434 nnns volume:11 year:2023 number:3, p 76 https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies11030076 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/dec091d0e4e74470b0a4093f95551293 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/11/3/76 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4434 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2023 3, p 76
language	English
source	In Galaxies 11(2023), 3, p 76 volume:11 year:2023 number:3, p 76
sourceStr	In Galaxies 11(2023), 3, p 76 volume:11 year:2023 number:3, p 76
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	stars: massive stars: supergiants stars: winds outflows circumstellar matter Astronomy
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	Galaxies
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Michaela Kraus @@aut@@ Michalis Kourniotis @@aut@@ María Laura Arias @@aut@@ Andrea F. Torres @@aut@@ Dieter H. Nickeler @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Michaela Kraus
spellingShingle	Michaela Kraus misc QB1-991 misc stars: massive misc stars: supergiants misc stars: winds misc outflows misc circumstellar matter misc Astronomy Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants
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topic_title	QB1-991 Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants stars: massive stars: supergiants stars: winds outflows circumstellar matter
topic	misc QB1-991 misc stars: massive misc stars: supergiants misc stars: winds misc outflows misc circumstellar matter misc Astronomy
topic_unstemmed	misc QB1-991 misc stars: massive misc stars: supergiants misc stars: winds misc outflows misc circumstellar matter misc Astronomy
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title	Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants
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title_full	Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants
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author_browse	Michaela Kraus Michalis Kourniotis María Laura Arias Andrea F. Torres Dieter H. Nickeler
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title_sort	dense molecular environments of b[e] supergiants and yellow hypergiants
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title_auth	Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants
abstract	Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell.
abstractGer	Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell.
abstract_unstemmed	Massive stars expel large amounts of mass during their late evolutionary phases. We aim to unveil the physical conditions within the warm molecular environments of B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) and yellow hypergiants (YHGs), which are known to be embedded in circumstellar shells and disks. We present <i<K</i<-band spectra of two B[e]SGs from the Large Magellanic Cloud and four Galactic YHGs. The CO band emission detected from the B[e]SGs LHA 120-S 12 and LHA 120-S 134 suggests that these stars are surrounded by stable rotating molecular rings. The spectra of the YHGs display a rather diverse appearance. The objects 6 Cas and V509 Cas lack any molecular features. The star [FMR2006] 15 displays blue-shifted CO bands in emission, which might be explained by a possible close to pole-on oriented bipolar outflow. In contrast, HD 179821 shows blue-shifted CO bands in absorption. While the star itself is too hot to form molecules in its outer atmosphere, we propose that it might have experienced a recent outburst. We speculate that we currently can only see the approaching part of the expelled matter because the star itself might still block the receding parts of a (possibly) expanding gas shell.
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title_short	Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants
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Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants

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