Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean

Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Guojing Xing [verfasserIn] Wei Shen [verfasserIn] Meng Wei [verfasserIn] Huan Li [verfasserIn] Weizeng Shao [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	wave eddy WAVEWATCH-III Arctic ocean

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Atmosphere - MDPI AG, 2011, 14(2023), 6, p 911
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:14 ; year:2023 ; number:6, p 911

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/atmos14060911

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ09421249X

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520			\|a Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical wave model, WAVEWATCH-III (WW3), which included a parameterization of ice–wave interaction. The long-term wind data were from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), and current and sea level data from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)were used as the forcing fields. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) were validated against the 2012 measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter, yielding a 0.55 m root mean square error (RMSE) with a 0.95 correlation (COR). The seasonal variation in WW3-simulated SWH from 2021 to 2022 showed that the SWH was the lowest in summer (July and August 2021) and highest in winter (November 2021 to April 2022). This result indicates that parts of the Arctic could become navigable in summer. The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. Although the radius and EKE of eddies were almost similar to the AOI, the waves also influenced the eddies.
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spelling	10.3390/atmos14060911 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09421249X (DE-599)DOAJ311dbe511e644a3a96a4400545f16314 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Guojing Xing verfasserin aut Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical wave model, WAVEWATCH-III (WW3), which included a parameterization of ice–wave interaction. The long-term wind data were from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), and current and sea level data from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)were used as the forcing fields. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) were validated against the 2012 measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter, yielding a 0.55 m root mean square error (RMSE) with a 0.95 correlation (COR). The seasonal variation in WW3-simulated SWH from 2021 to 2022 showed that the SWH was the lowest in summer (July and August 2021) and highest in winter (November 2021 to April 2022). This result indicates that parts of the Arctic could become navigable in summer. The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. Although the radius and EKE of eddies were almost similar to the AOI, the waves also influenced the eddies. wave eddy WAVEWATCH-III Arctic ocean Meteorology. Climatology Wei Shen verfasserin aut Meng Wei verfasserin aut Huan Li verfasserin aut Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 14(2023), 6, p 911 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:6, p 911 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060911 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/311dbe511e644a3a96a4400545f16314 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/911 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 6, p 911
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allfieldsSound	10.3390/atmos14060911 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09421249X (DE-599)DOAJ311dbe511e644a3a96a4400545f16314 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng QC851-999 Guojing Xing verfasserin aut Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical wave model, WAVEWATCH-III (WW3), which included a parameterization of ice–wave interaction. The long-term wind data were from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), and current and sea level data from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)were used as the forcing fields. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) were validated against the 2012 measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter, yielding a 0.55 m root mean square error (RMSE) with a 0.95 correlation (COR). The seasonal variation in WW3-simulated SWH from 2021 to 2022 showed that the SWH was the lowest in summer (July and August 2021) and highest in winter (November 2021 to April 2022). This result indicates that parts of the Arctic could become navigable in summer. The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. Although the radius and EKE of eddies were almost similar to the AOI, the waves also influenced the eddies. wave eddy WAVEWATCH-III Arctic ocean Meteorology. Climatology Wei Shen verfasserin aut Meng Wei verfasserin aut Huan Li verfasserin aut Weizeng Shao verfasserin aut In Atmosphere MDPI AG, 2011 14(2023), 6, p 911 (DE-627)657584010 (DE-600)2605928-9 20734433 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:6, p 911 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060911 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/311dbe511e644a3a96a4400545f16314 kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/911 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 6, p 911
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callnumber-first	Q - Science
author	Guojing Xing
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topic_title	QC851-999 Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean wave eddy WAVEWATCH-III Arctic ocean
topic	misc QC851-999 misc wave misc eddy misc WAVEWATCH-III misc Arctic ocean misc Meteorology. Climatology
topic_unstemmed	misc QC851-999 misc wave misc eddy misc WAVEWATCH-III misc Arctic ocean misc Meteorology. Climatology
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title	Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean
ctrlnum	(DE-627)DOAJ09421249X (DE-599)DOAJ311dbe511e644a3a96a4400545f16314
title_full	Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean
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author_browse	Guojing Xing Wei Shen Meng Wei Huan Li Weizeng Shao
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title_sort	wave and meso-scale eddy climate in the arctic ocean
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title_auth	Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean
abstract	Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical wave model, WAVEWATCH-III (WW3), which included a parameterization of ice–wave interaction. The long-term wind data were from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), and current and sea level data from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)were used as the forcing fields. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) were validated against the 2012 measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter, yielding a 0.55 m root mean square error (RMSE) with a 0.95 correlation (COR). The seasonal variation in WW3-simulated SWH from 2021 to 2022 showed that the SWH was the lowest in summer (July and August 2021) and highest in winter (November 2021 to April 2022). This result indicates that parts of the Arctic could become navigable in summer. The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. Although the radius and EKE of eddies were almost similar to the AOI, the waves also influenced the eddies.
abstractGer	Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical wave model, WAVEWATCH-III (WW3), which included a parameterization of ice–wave interaction. The long-term wind data were from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), and current and sea level data from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)were used as the forcing fields. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) were validated against the 2012 measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter, yielding a 0.55 m root mean square error (RMSE) with a 0.95 correlation (COR). The seasonal variation in WW3-simulated SWH from 2021 to 2022 showed that the SWH was the lowest in summer (July and August 2021) and highest in winter (November 2021 to April 2022). This result indicates that parts of the Arctic could become navigable in summer. The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. Although the radius and EKE of eddies were almost similar to the AOI, the waves also influenced the eddies.
abstract_unstemmed	Under global climate change, the characteristics of oceanic dynamics are gradually beginning to change due to melting sea ice. This study focused on inter-annual variation in waves and mesoscale eddies (radius < 40 km) in the Arctic Ocean from 1993 to 2021. The waves were simulated by a numerical wave model, WAVEWATCH-III (WW3), which included a parameterization of ice–wave interaction. The long-term wind data were from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), and current and sea level data from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)were used as the forcing fields. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) were validated against the 2012 measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter, yielding a 0.55 m root mean square error (RMSE) with a 0.95 correlation (COR). The seasonal variation in WW3-simulated SWH from 2021 to 2022 showed that the SWH was the lowest in summer (July and August 2021) and highest in winter (November 2021 to April 2022). This result indicates that parts of the Arctic could become navigable in summer. The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. Although the radius and EKE of eddies were almost similar to the AOI, the waves also influenced the eddies.
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title_short	Wave and Meso-Scale Eddy Climate in the Arctic Ocean
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060911 https://doaj.org/article/311dbe511e644a3a96a4400545f16314 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/911 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433
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The mesoscale eddies were identified using a daily-averaged sea level anomalies (SLA) product with a spatial resolution of a 0.25° grid for 1993−2021. We found that the activity intensity (<i<EKE</i<) and radius of mesoscale eddies in the spatial distribution behaved in opposing ways. The analysis of seasonal variation showed that the increase in eddy activity could lead to wave growth. The amplitude of SWH peaks was reduced when the Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) was <−1.0 and increased when the AOI was <0.5, especially in the case of swells. The amplitude of SWH oscillation was low, and the <i<EKE</i< and radius of eddies were relatively small. 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