What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review

Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Obj...
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Autor*in:	H. Santos [verfasserIn] E. Dornelles [verfasserIn] J. Pereira [verfasserIn] A. Vieira [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	Pisa Syndrome review

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: European Psychiatry - Cambridge University Press, 2020, 65(2022), Seite S725-S725
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:65 ; year:2022 ; pages:S725-S725

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ094609225

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spelling	10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094609225 (DE-599)DOAJ907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 H. Santos verfasserin aut What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships. Pisa Syndrome review Psychiatry E. Dornelles verfasserin aut J. Pereira verfasserin aut A. Vieira verfasserin aut In European Psychiatry Cambridge University Press, 2020 65(2022), Seite S725-S725 (DE-627)320445070 (DE-600)2005377-0 17783585 nnns volume:65 year:2022 pages:S725-S725 https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 kostenfrei https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822018727/type/journal_article kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0924-9338 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1778-3585 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_217 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 65 2022 S725-S725
allfields_unstemmed	10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094609225 (DE-599)DOAJ907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 H. Santos verfasserin aut What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships. Pisa Syndrome review Psychiatry E. Dornelles verfasserin aut J. Pereira verfasserin aut A. Vieira verfasserin aut In European Psychiatry Cambridge University Press, 2020 65(2022), Seite S725-S725 (DE-627)320445070 (DE-600)2005377-0 17783585 nnns volume:65 year:2022 pages:S725-S725 https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 kostenfrei https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822018727/type/journal_article kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0924-9338 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1778-3585 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_217 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 65 2022 S725-S725
allfieldsGer	10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094609225 (DE-599)DOAJ907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 H. Santos verfasserin aut What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships. Pisa Syndrome review Psychiatry E. Dornelles verfasserin aut J. Pereira verfasserin aut A. Vieira verfasserin aut In European Psychiatry Cambridge University Press, 2020 65(2022), Seite S725-S725 (DE-627)320445070 (DE-600)2005377-0 17783585 nnns volume:65 year:2022 pages:S725-S725 https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 kostenfrei https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822018727/type/journal_article kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0924-9338 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1778-3585 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_217 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 65 2022 S725-S725
allfieldsSound	10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094609225 (DE-599)DOAJ907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng RC435-571 H. Santos verfasserin aut What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships. Pisa Syndrome review Psychiatry E. Dornelles verfasserin aut J. Pereira verfasserin aut A. Vieira verfasserin aut In European Psychiatry Cambridge University Press, 2020 65(2022), Seite S725-S725 (DE-627)320445070 (DE-600)2005377-0 17783585 nnns volume:65 year:2022 pages:S725-S725 https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1872 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/907dbbe4809d4d288799bea0cb132fe9 kostenfrei https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822018727/type/journal_article kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0924-9338 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1778-3585 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_217 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 65 2022 S725-S725
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Santos</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Pisa Syndrome</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">review</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Psychiatry</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">E. Dornelles</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">J. 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title_sort	what is the pisa syndrome? a review
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title_auth	What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review
abstract	Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships.
abstractGer	Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships.
abstract_unstemmed	Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. It is used to describe a postural abnormality that includes trunk flexion in the coronal plane and axial rotation, which improves in the supine position. Objectives In this work, we aim to conduct a brief review of Pisa Syndrome aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Methods A non-systematic search was conducted through the PubMed database for “pisa syndrome”. Articles were screened for relevant information on PS aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Results Pisa syndrome has been associated as an adverse effect of multiple drugs from different classes, mainly antipsychotics, dopaminergic agents and cholinesterase inhibitors. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, one of the most consensual hypothesis considers PS as a consequence of a cholinergic-dopaminergic imbalance that can be caused by antipsychotic treatment. Some factors have been associated with increased risk for developing PS such as old age and polypharmacy. PS appears to be better treated with the reduction or interruption of the agent(s) associated with its onset. Conclusions Despite its low incidence, Pisa syndrome can occur as a side effect of a number of different medications and the identification of the trigger-drug is fundamental so it can be reduced or interrupted in order to treat this condition. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Santos</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">What is the Pisa Syndrome? A review</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Introduction Pisa syndrome (PS) is a type of dystonia of rare occurrence, first described in 1972 as an adverse effect of neuroleptic agents. 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