FROM OTTOMANS TO ALBANIANS: THE FIRST BALKAN WAR AND THE PROCLAMATION OF ALBANIAN INDEPENDENCE (OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 1912)
The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, inde...
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In: Istorija 20. Veka - Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018, 42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18 |
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volume:42 ; year:2024 ; number:1/2024 ; pages:18 |
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10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 |
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DOAJ094777632 |
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| 520 | |a The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. | ||
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10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094777632 (DE-599)DOAJ012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb ger eng fre rus srp DJK1-77 Ledia Dushku verfasserin aut FROM OTTOMANS TO ALBANIANS: THE FIRST BALKAN WAR AND THE PROCLAMATION OF ALBANIAN INDEPENDENCE (OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 1912) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. first balkan war albania independence serbia greece montenegro ottoman empire adriatic powers self-governing institutions supra-religious character History of Eastern Europe In Istorija 20. Veka Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018 42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18 (DE-627)501802746 (DE-600)2207431-4 25603647 nnns volume:42 year:2024 number:1/2024 pages:18 https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb kostenfrei https://istorija20veka.rs/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024_1_1_dus_1-18.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0352-3160 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2560-3647 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2453 GBV_ILN_2863 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 42 2024 1/2024 18 |
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10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094777632 (DE-599)DOAJ012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb ger eng fre rus srp DJK1-77 Ledia Dushku verfasserin aut FROM OTTOMANS TO ALBANIANS: THE FIRST BALKAN WAR AND THE PROCLAMATION OF ALBANIAN INDEPENDENCE (OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 1912) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. first balkan war albania independence serbia greece montenegro ottoman empire adriatic powers self-governing institutions supra-religious character History of Eastern Europe In Istorija 20. Veka Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018 42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18 (DE-627)501802746 (DE-600)2207431-4 25603647 nnns volume:42 year:2024 number:1/2024 pages:18 https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb kostenfrei https://istorija20veka.rs/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024_1_1_dus_1-18.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0352-3160 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2560-3647 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2453 GBV_ILN_2863 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 42 2024 1/2024 18 |
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10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094777632 (DE-599)DOAJ012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb ger eng fre rus srp DJK1-77 Ledia Dushku verfasserin aut FROM OTTOMANS TO ALBANIANS: THE FIRST BALKAN WAR AND THE PROCLAMATION OF ALBANIAN INDEPENDENCE (OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 1912) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. first balkan war albania independence serbia greece montenegro ottoman empire adriatic powers self-governing institutions supra-religious character History of Eastern Europe In Istorija 20. Veka Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018 42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18 (DE-627)501802746 (DE-600)2207431-4 25603647 nnns volume:42 year:2024 number:1/2024 pages:18 https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb kostenfrei https://istorija20veka.rs/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024_1_1_dus_1-18.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0352-3160 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2560-3647 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2453 GBV_ILN_2863 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 42 2024 1/2024 18 |
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10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094777632 (DE-599)DOAJ012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb ger eng fre rus srp DJK1-77 Ledia Dushku verfasserin aut FROM OTTOMANS TO ALBANIANS: THE FIRST BALKAN WAR AND THE PROCLAMATION OF ALBANIAN INDEPENDENCE (OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 1912) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. first balkan war albania independence serbia greece montenegro ottoman empire adriatic powers self-governing institutions supra-religious character History of Eastern Europe In Istorija 20. Veka Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018 42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18 (DE-627)501802746 (DE-600)2207431-4 25603647 nnns volume:42 year:2024 number:1/2024 pages:18 https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb kostenfrei https://istorija20veka.rs/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024_1_1_dus_1-18.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0352-3160 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2560-3647 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2453 GBV_ILN_2863 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 42 2024 1/2024 18 |
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10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 doi (DE-627)DOAJ094777632 (DE-599)DOAJ012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb ger eng fre rus srp DJK1-77 Ledia Dushku verfasserin aut FROM OTTOMANS TO ALBANIANS: THE FIRST BALKAN WAR AND THE PROCLAMATION OF ALBANIAN INDEPENDENCE (OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 1912) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. first balkan war albania independence serbia greece montenegro ottoman empire adriatic powers self-governing institutions supra-religious character History of Eastern Europe In Istorija 20. Veka Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018 42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18 (DE-627)501802746 (DE-600)2207431-4 25603647 nnns volume:42 year:2024 number:1/2024 pages:18 https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb kostenfrei https://istorija20veka.rs/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024_1_1_dus_1-18.pdf kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0352-3160 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2560-3647 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2453 GBV_ILN_2863 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 42 2024 1/2024 18 |
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The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. |
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The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. |
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The First Balkan War separated Albania from the Ottoman Empire. In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. The latter’s decision-making carried a national and supra-religious character, fundamentally challenging the Ottoman model of state and social organization and opening the way for an alternative philosophy in the Albanian state organization. |
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In this historical context, the Albanian political elite’s separatist action must be viewed as a territorial defensive act. This is a consequence of Balkan developments. In the absence of a defensive capability of the Ottoman army, independence was declared in reaction to the military occupation of Ottoman territories inhabited by Albanians, from the Balkan Allies. In circumstances where independence and the establishment of a sovereign Albanian ethnicity were considered a crucial issue for the Adriatic Powers, Albanian nationalist activists visited Vienna and Budapest. They sought support within the context of ongoing Balkan developments. At the beginning of November, when Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans weakened, Ismail Qemali an Albanian nationalist and scion of the Vlora family, held significant meetings with high-ranking Austria-Hungarian diplomatic and military officials. On the Ottoman side, the final reaction of the Albanian political elite to separation did not appear to be a decision agreed upon by the Ottoman Porte. Questioning the preservation of Ottoman sovereignty in the Balkans diminished cooperation between the Albanian periphery and the Ottoman center. This gave a separatist nature to the Albanian political elite’s action, accomplished in the National Assembly of Vlora. 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Veka</subfield><subfield code="d">Institut za Savremenu Istoriju, 2018</subfield><subfield code="g">42(2024), 1/2024, Seite 18</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)501802746</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2207431-4</subfield><subfield code="x">25603647</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:42</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2024</subfield><subfield code="g">number:1/2024</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:18</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2024.1.dus.1-18</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doaj.org/article/012e073dcda14aaf859a16ea65d5a8fb</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield 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