Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor
Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the...
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| Autor*in: |
LIU Minyun;CUI Rongyi;ZHAO Xingyu;HAN Wenbin;HUANG Shanfang;HUANG Yanping [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Englisch ; Chinesisch |
| Erschienen: |
2023 |
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In: Yuanzineng kexue jishu - Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2022, 57(2023), 9, Seite 1699-1705 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:57 ; year:2023 ; number:9 ; pages:1699-1705 |
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DOAJ095089470 |
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| 520 | |a Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. | ||
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| 653 | 0 | |a Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity | |
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(DE-627)DOAJ095089470 (DE-599)DOAJ98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng chi TK9001-9401 QC770-798 LIU Minyun;CUI Rongyi;ZHAO Xingyu;HAN Wenbin;HUANG Shanfang;HUANG Yanping verfasserin aut Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. supercritical carbon dioxide reactor loss of coolant accident void reactivity gas-cooled fast reactor Nuclear engineering. Atomic power Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity In Yuanzineng kexue jishu Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2022 57(2023), 9, Seite 1699-1705 (DE-627)578537303 (DE-600)2451932-7 10006931 nnns volume:57 year:2023 number:9 pages:1699-1705 https://doaj.org/article/98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 kostenfrei https://www.aest.org.cn/CN/10.7538/yzk.2023.youxian.0272 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1000-6931 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_2055 AR 57 2023 9 1699-1705 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ095089470 (DE-599)DOAJ98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng chi TK9001-9401 QC770-798 LIU Minyun;CUI Rongyi;ZHAO Xingyu;HAN Wenbin;HUANG Shanfang;HUANG Yanping verfasserin aut Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. supercritical carbon dioxide reactor loss of coolant accident void reactivity gas-cooled fast reactor Nuclear engineering. Atomic power Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity In Yuanzineng kexue jishu Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2022 57(2023), 9, Seite 1699-1705 (DE-627)578537303 (DE-600)2451932-7 10006931 nnns volume:57 year:2023 number:9 pages:1699-1705 https://doaj.org/article/98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 kostenfrei https://www.aest.org.cn/CN/10.7538/yzk.2023.youxian.0272 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1000-6931 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_2055 AR 57 2023 9 1699-1705 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ095089470 (DE-599)DOAJ98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng chi TK9001-9401 QC770-798 LIU Minyun;CUI Rongyi;ZHAO Xingyu;HAN Wenbin;HUANG Shanfang;HUANG Yanping verfasserin aut Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. supercritical carbon dioxide reactor loss of coolant accident void reactivity gas-cooled fast reactor Nuclear engineering. Atomic power Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity In Yuanzineng kexue jishu Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2022 57(2023), 9, Seite 1699-1705 (DE-627)578537303 (DE-600)2451932-7 10006931 nnns volume:57 year:2023 number:9 pages:1699-1705 https://doaj.org/article/98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 kostenfrei https://www.aest.org.cn/CN/10.7538/yzk.2023.youxian.0272 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1000-6931 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_2055 AR 57 2023 9 1699-1705 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ095089470 (DE-599)DOAJ98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng chi TK9001-9401 QC770-798 LIU Minyun;CUI Rongyi;ZHAO Xingyu;HAN Wenbin;HUANG Shanfang;HUANG Yanping verfasserin aut Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. supercritical carbon dioxide reactor loss of coolant accident void reactivity gas-cooled fast reactor Nuclear engineering. Atomic power Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity In Yuanzineng kexue jishu Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2022 57(2023), 9, Seite 1699-1705 (DE-627)578537303 (DE-600)2451932-7 10006931 nnns volume:57 year:2023 number:9 pages:1699-1705 https://doaj.org/article/98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 kostenfrei https://www.aest.org.cn/CN/10.7538/yzk.2023.youxian.0272 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1000-6931 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_2055 AR 57 2023 9 1699-1705 |
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(DE-627)DOAJ095089470 (DE-599)DOAJ98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng chi TK9001-9401 QC770-798 LIU Minyun;CUI Rongyi;ZHAO Xingyu;HAN Wenbin;HUANG Shanfang;HUANG Yanping verfasserin aut Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. supercritical carbon dioxide reactor loss of coolant accident void reactivity gas-cooled fast reactor Nuclear engineering. Atomic power Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity In Yuanzineng kexue jishu Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2022 57(2023), 9, Seite 1699-1705 (DE-627)578537303 (DE-600)2451932-7 10006931 nnns volume:57 year:2023 number:9 pages:1699-1705 https://doaj.org/article/98a05b0404de4f9f96c5235f51a959d4 kostenfrei https://www.aest.org.cn/CN/10.7538/yzk.2023.youxian.0272 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1000-6931 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_2055 AR 57 2023 9 1699-1705 |
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The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. 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Study on Void Reactivity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cooled Reactor |
| abstract |
Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. |
| abstractGer |
Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Due to the weak moderating capability of carbon dioxide itself, supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor typically has a hard energy spectrum and is susceptible to safety issues introduced by positive reactivity feedback in the event of LOCA (loss of coolant accident). In this paper, based on the energy spectrum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor, a three-factor formula was proposed to describe the neutron circulation process. Based on the analysis of the threefactor formula, the effective fission neutron number and neutron utilization factor were refered as spectral terms in this study, while the probability of no leakage was referred as the leakage term. When studying the effect of moderator, fuel burnup, etc. on the void reactivity, the energy spectrum factor was mainly considered. When studying the effect of radial reflector material, high radial ratio, etc. on the void reactivity, the leakage factor was mainly considered, providing guidance for the core design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactors based on this theoretical basis. Using Monte Carlo simulation method, modeling, verification, and analysis were carried out for the supercritical carbon dioxide cooled reactor design proposed by MIT. The fuel assemblies of this reactor adopt a hexagonal annular fuel design, with the center of the assembly being the SCO2 coolant channel, which is separated from the MOX fuel by a cladding. A total of 265 fuel rod assemblies arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up a fuel component, and 562 fuel components (divided into three zones) and 21 control rod components arranged in a hexagonal pattern make up the reactor core active zone. Axial and radial reflector layers are set outside the active zone, and the outermost layer is a B4C absorber. The height of the active zone is 1.54 m, and the effective diameter is 4.81 m, with a height-to-diameter ratio of H/D=0.32 and a thermal power output of 2 400 MW. The results show that the design of supercritical carbon dioxide reactor needs to focus on the softening of energy spectrum and reasonable core geometry design. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the radial reflector layer, in the event of LOCA, the carbon dioxide as the reflector and the carbon dioxide inside the core will leak simultaneously, and the increase in core leakage rate will lead to a decrease in void reactivity. Compared with other materials such as BeO, PbO, and SiO2, using a carbon dioxide reflector layer can better ensure the criticality of the core and improve neutron economy. However, due to the generally low neutron reflection ability of supercritical carbon dioxide itself, if the core has a large radial leakage due to a high core-to-diameter ratio, a thicker radial reflector layer is required, which may bring additional engineering difficulties and costs, requiring balance in the design. Setting moderators by partition can flatten the neutron flux, soften the energy spectrum, and reduce the reactivity introduced by LOCA. |
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