Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study

Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organizat...
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Autor*in:	Monica Ansu-Mensah [verfasserIn] Desmond Kuupiel [verfasserIn] Vitalis Bawontuo [verfasserIn] Themba G Ginindza [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch ; Französisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine - AOSIS, 2009, 15(2023), 1, Seite e1-e10
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:15 ; year:2023 ; number:1 ; pages:e1-e10

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ098361139

Internformat


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520			\|a Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting.
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allfields	10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098361139 (DE-599)DOAJ78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng fre RA1-1270 Monica Ansu-Mensah verfasserin aut Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting. accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region Medicine R Public aspects of medicine Desmond Kuupiel verfasserin aut Vitalis Bawontuo verfasserin aut Themba G Ginindza verfasserin aut In African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine AOSIS, 2009 15(2023), 1, Seite e1-e10 (DE-627)61409416X (DE-600)2526836-3 20712936 nnns volume:15 year:2023 number:1 pages:e1-e10 https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 kostenfrei https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2928 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2936 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2023 1 e1-e10
spelling	10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098361139 (DE-599)DOAJ78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng fre RA1-1270 Monica Ansu-Mensah verfasserin aut Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting. accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region Medicine R Public aspects of medicine Desmond Kuupiel verfasserin aut Vitalis Bawontuo verfasserin aut Themba G Ginindza verfasserin aut In African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine AOSIS, 2009 15(2023), 1, Seite e1-e10 (DE-627)61409416X (DE-600)2526836-3 20712936 nnns volume:15 year:2023 number:1 pages:e1-e10 https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 kostenfrei https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2928 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2936 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2023 1 e1-e10
allfields_unstemmed	10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098361139 (DE-599)DOAJ78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng fre RA1-1270 Monica Ansu-Mensah verfasserin aut Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting. accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region Medicine R Public aspects of medicine Desmond Kuupiel verfasserin aut Vitalis Bawontuo verfasserin aut Themba G Ginindza verfasserin aut In African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine AOSIS, 2009 15(2023), 1, Seite e1-e10 (DE-627)61409416X (DE-600)2526836-3 20712936 nnns volume:15 year:2023 number:1 pages:e1-e10 https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 kostenfrei https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2928 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2936 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2023 1 e1-e10
allfieldsGer	10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098361139 (DE-599)DOAJ78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng fre RA1-1270 Monica Ansu-Mensah verfasserin aut Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting. accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region Medicine R Public aspects of medicine Desmond Kuupiel verfasserin aut Vitalis Bawontuo verfasserin aut Themba G Ginindza verfasserin aut In African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine AOSIS, 2009 15(2023), 1, Seite e1-e10 (DE-627)61409416X (DE-600)2526836-3 20712936 nnns volume:15 year:2023 number:1 pages:e1-e10 https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 kostenfrei https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2928 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2936 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2023 1 e1-e10
allfieldsSound	10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098361139 (DE-599)DOAJ78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng fre RA1-1270 Monica Ansu-Mensah verfasserin aut Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting. accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region Medicine R Public aspects of medicine Desmond Kuupiel verfasserin aut Vitalis Bawontuo verfasserin aut Themba G Ginindza verfasserin aut In African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine AOSIS, 2009 15(2023), 1, Seite e1-e10 (DE-627)61409416X (DE-600)2526836-3 20712936 nnns volume:15 year:2023 number:1 pages:e1-e10 https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 kostenfrei https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4114 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2928 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2936 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2023 1 e1-e10
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callnumber-first	R - Medicine
author	Monica Ansu-Mensah
spellingShingle	Monica Ansu-Mensah misc RA1-1270 misc accessibility misc stock level misc funding misc poc diagnostic testing misc bono region misc Medicine misc R misc Public aspects of medicine Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study
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topic_title	RA1-1270 Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study accessibility stock level funding poc diagnostic testing bono region
topic	misc RA1-1270 misc accessibility misc stock level misc funding misc poc diagnostic testing misc bono region misc Medicine misc R misc Public aspects of medicine
topic_unstemmed	misc RA1-1270 misc accessibility misc stock level misc funding misc poc diagnostic testing misc bono region misc Medicine misc R misc Public aspects of medicine
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title	Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study
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title_full	Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study
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title_sort	availability, stock levels and usage of in-vitro diagnostics in the bono region, ghana: a cross-sectional study
callnumber	RA1-1270
title_auth	Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study
abstract	Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting.
abstractGer	Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting.
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title_short	Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study
url	https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114 https://doaj.org/article/78c5a5c94b894e3993ac336012628e27 https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4114 https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2928 https://doaj.org/toc/2071-2936
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Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. Aim: To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. Setting: Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. Results: Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of ‘high use’. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. Conclusion: This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana. 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Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study

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