Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps

Comparison of old and new vegetation maps is an effective way to detect vegetation dynamics. Recent developments in computer technology have made it possible to accurately compare old paper vegetation maps with current digitized vegetation maps to reveal long-term vegetation dynamics. Recently, a 1:...
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Autor*in:	Takuto Shitara [verfasserIn] Hiroko Kurokawa [verfasserIn] Michio Oguro [verfasserIn] Takehiro Sasaki [verfasserIn] Haruka Ohashi [verfasserIn] Kaoru Niiyama [verfasserIn] Mitsue Shibata [verfasserIn] Tetsuya Matsui [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	beech forest climate change impact cool temperate forest deciduous oak forest ecotone forest underutilization

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Frontiers in Environmental Science - Frontiers Media S.A., 2014, 12(2024)
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2024

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ098597876

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spelling	10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098597876 (DE-599)DOAJ410da2208faf412dae89037f7d24fe4f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng GE1-350 Takuto Shitara verfasserin aut Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Comparison of old and new vegetation maps is an effective way to detect vegetation dynamics. Recent developments in computer technology have made it possible to accurately compare old paper vegetation maps with current digitized vegetation maps to reveal long-term vegetation dynamics. Recently, a 1:50,000 scale vegetation map of the Hakkoda Mountains in northern Japan, located in the ecotone of cool temperate and subalpine forests in northern Japan under an East Asian monsoon climate, from 1930 was discovered. We compared the 1930s vegetation map with the most recent 2010 vegetation map to test the following hypotheses: 1) the occurrence of upward expansion of the upper limit of cool-temperate deciduous forests, and 2) whether designation as a national park in 1936 would have reduced forestry and land use, expanded beech forests, and cool-temperate deciduous forests. To compare vegetation changes, 67 types of vegetation legends for the 1930 and 2010 maps were unified to 21 based on plant species composition. Consequently, vegetation has changed substantially over the past 80 years. 1) In the subalpine zone above 1,000 m, the coniferous forest area decreased by half. In the cool temperate zone below 1,000 m, the area of beech forests increased 1.48 times, and some of them could be shifted upwards, replacing subalpine fir forests in the lower part of the subalpine zone. 2) In areas below 700 m, deciduous oak forests once used as thickets were almost halved. Instead, climax and beech forests expanded. However, we also found that even after the area was declared a national park, oak forests were cleared and converted to commercial forests such as cedar plantations, cattle ranches, and horse pastures in some areas. These results will be useful for future ecosystem and biodiversity research/conservation and will provide baseline information for climate change adaptation policies. beech forest climate change impact cool temperate forest deciduous oak forest ecotone forest underutilization Environmental sciences Hiroko Kurokawa verfasserin aut Michio Oguro verfasserin aut Takehiro Sasaki verfasserin aut Haruka Ohashi verfasserin aut Kaoru Niiyama verfasserin aut Mitsue Shibata verfasserin aut Tetsuya Matsui verfasserin aut Tetsuya Matsui verfasserin aut In Frontiers in Environmental Science Frontiers Media S.A., 2014 12(2024) (DE-627)771401604 (DE-600)2741535-1 2296665X nnns volume:12 year:2024 https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/410da2208faf412dae89037f7d24fe4f kostenfrei https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062/full kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2296-665X Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2024
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Takuto Shitara @@aut@@ Hiroko Kurokawa @@aut@@ Michio Oguro @@aut@@ Takehiro Sasaki @@aut@@ Haruka Ohashi @@aut@@ Kaoru Niiyama @@aut@@ Mitsue Shibata @@aut@@ Tetsuya Matsui @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation
author	Takuto Shitara
spellingShingle	Takuto Shitara misc GE1-350 misc beech forest misc climate change impact misc cool temperate forest misc deciduous oak forest misc ecotone misc forest underutilization misc Environmental sciences Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps
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topic_title	GE1-350 Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps beech forest climate change impact cool temperate forest deciduous oak forest ecotone forest underutilization
topic	misc GE1-350 misc beech forest misc climate change impact misc cool temperate forest misc deciduous oak forest misc ecotone misc forest underutilization misc Environmental sciences
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title	Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps
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title_full	Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps
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title_sort	long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps
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title_auth	Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps
abstract	Comparison of old and new vegetation maps is an effective way to detect vegetation dynamics. Recent developments in computer technology have made it possible to accurately compare old paper vegetation maps with current digitized vegetation maps to reveal long-term vegetation dynamics. Recently, a 1:50,000 scale vegetation map of the Hakkoda Mountains in northern Japan, located in the ecotone of cool temperate and subalpine forests in northern Japan under an East Asian monsoon climate, from 1930 was discovered. We compared the 1930s vegetation map with the most recent 2010 vegetation map to test the following hypotheses: 1) the occurrence of upward expansion of the upper limit of cool-temperate deciduous forests, and 2) whether designation as a national park in 1936 would have reduced forestry and land use, expanded beech forests, and cool-temperate deciduous forests. To compare vegetation changes, 67 types of vegetation legends for the 1930 and 2010 maps were unified to 21 based on plant species composition. Consequently, vegetation has changed substantially over the past 80 years. 1) In the subalpine zone above 1,000 m, the coniferous forest area decreased by half. In the cool temperate zone below 1,000 m, the area of beech forests increased 1.48 times, and some of them could be shifted upwards, replacing subalpine fir forests in the lower part of the subalpine zone. 2) In areas below 700 m, deciduous oak forests once used as thickets were almost halved. Instead, climax and beech forests expanded. However, we also found that even after the area was declared a national park, oak forests were cleared and converted to commercial forests such as cedar plantations, cattle ranches, and horse pastures in some areas. These results will be useful for future ecosystem and biodiversity research/conservation and will provide baseline information for climate change adaptation policies.
abstractGer	Comparison of old and new vegetation maps is an effective way to detect vegetation dynamics. Recent developments in computer technology have made it possible to accurately compare old paper vegetation maps with current digitized vegetation maps to reveal long-term vegetation dynamics. Recently, a 1:50,000 scale vegetation map of the Hakkoda Mountains in northern Japan, located in the ecotone of cool temperate and subalpine forests in northern Japan under an East Asian monsoon climate, from 1930 was discovered. We compared the 1930s vegetation map with the most recent 2010 vegetation map to test the following hypotheses: 1) the occurrence of upward expansion of the upper limit of cool-temperate deciduous forests, and 2) whether designation as a national park in 1936 would have reduced forestry and land use, expanded beech forests, and cool-temperate deciduous forests. To compare vegetation changes, 67 types of vegetation legends for the 1930 and 2010 maps were unified to 21 based on plant species composition. Consequently, vegetation has changed substantially over the past 80 years. 1) In the subalpine zone above 1,000 m, the coniferous forest area decreased by half. In the cool temperate zone below 1,000 m, the area of beech forests increased 1.48 times, and some of them could be shifted upwards, replacing subalpine fir forests in the lower part of the subalpine zone. 2) In areas below 700 m, deciduous oak forests once used as thickets were almost halved. Instead, climax and beech forests expanded. However, we also found that even after the area was declared a national park, oak forests were cleared and converted to commercial forests such as cedar plantations, cattle ranches, and horse pastures in some areas. These results will be useful for future ecosystem and biodiversity research/conservation and will provide baseline information for climate change adaptation policies.
abstract_unstemmed	Comparison of old and new vegetation maps is an effective way to detect vegetation dynamics. Recent developments in computer technology have made it possible to accurately compare old paper vegetation maps with current digitized vegetation maps to reveal long-term vegetation dynamics. Recently, a 1:50,000 scale vegetation map of the Hakkoda Mountains in northern Japan, located in the ecotone of cool temperate and subalpine forests in northern Japan under an East Asian monsoon climate, from 1930 was discovered. We compared the 1930s vegetation map with the most recent 2010 vegetation map to test the following hypotheses: 1) the occurrence of upward expansion of the upper limit of cool-temperate deciduous forests, and 2) whether designation as a national park in 1936 would have reduced forestry and land use, expanded beech forests, and cool-temperate deciduous forests. To compare vegetation changes, 67 types of vegetation legends for the 1930 and 2010 maps were unified to 21 based on plant species composition. Consequently, vegetation has changed substantially over the past 80 years. 1) In the subalpine zone above 1,000 m, the coniferous forest area decreased by half. In the cool temperate zone below 1,000 m, the area of beech forests increased 1.48 times, and some of them could be shifted upwards, replacing subalpine fir forests in the lower part of the subalpine zone. 2) In areas below 700 m, deciduous oak forests once used as thickets were almost halved. Instead, climax and beech forests expanded. However, we also found that even after the area was declared a national park, oak forests were cleared and converted to commercial forests such as cedar plantations, cattle ranches, and horse pastures in some areas. These results will be useful for future ecosystem and biodiversity research/conservation and will provide baseline information for climate change adaptation policies.
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title_short	Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps
url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062 https://doaj.org/article/410da2208faf412dae89037f7d24fe4f https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-665X
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Consequently, vegetation has changed substantially over the past 80 years. 1) In the subalpine zone above 1,000 m, the coniferous forest area decreased by half. In the cool temperate zone below 1,000 m, the area of beech forests increased 1.48 times, and some of them could be shifted upwards, replacing subalpine fir forests in the lower part of the subalpine zone. 2) In areas below 700 m, deciduous oak forests once used as thickets were almost halved. Instead, climax and beech forests expanded. However, we also found that even after the area was declared a national park, oak forests were cleared and converted to commercial forests such as cedar plantations, cattle ranches, and horse pastures in some areas. 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code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Michio Oguro</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Takehiro Sasaki</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Haruka Ohashi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kaoru Niiyama</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Mitsue Shibata</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tetsuya Matsui</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tetsuya Matsui</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">In</subfield><subfield code="t">Frontiers in Environmental Science</subfield><subfield code="d">Frontiers Media S.A., 2014</subfield><subfield code="g">12(2024)</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)771401604</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)2741535-1</subfield><subfield code="x">2296665X</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:12</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2024</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1306062</subfield><subfield code="z">kostenfrei</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" 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Long-term changes in vegetation and land use in mountainous areas with heavy snowfalls in northern Japan: an 80-year comparison of vegetation maps

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