ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Hamza Eid [verfasserIn] Heba El-Mahallawy [verfasserIn] Hassnaa Elsheshtawy [verfasserIn] Amany Shalaby [verfasserIn] Mera Shetewy [verfasserIn] Nada Eidaroos [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch ; Slowenisch

Erschienen:	2022

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Slovenian Veterinary Research - University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2024, 59(2022), 1
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:59 ; year:2022 ; number:1

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ098720511

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245	1	0	\|a ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
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520			\|a Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala
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allfields	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098720511 (DE-599)DOAJ6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng slv SF600-1100 Hamza Eid verfasserin aut ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala Veterinary medicine Heba El-Mahallawy verfasserin aut Hassnaa Elsheshtawy verfasserin aut Amany Shalaby verfasserin aut Mera Shetewy verfasserin aut Nada Eidaroos verfasserin aut In Slovenian Veterinary Research University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2024 59(2022), 1 (DE-627)514238763 (DE-600)2241136-7 23858761 nnns volume:59 year:2022 number:1 https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 kostenfrei https://www.slovetres.si/index.php/SVR/article/view/1348 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1580-4003 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2385-8761 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 59 2022 1
spelling	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098720511 (DE-599)DOAJ6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng slv SF600-1100 Hamza Eid verfasserin aut ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala Veterinary medicine Heba El-Mahallawy verfasserin aut Hassnaa Elsheshtawy verfasserin aut Amany Shalaby verfasserin aut Mera Shetewy verfasserin aut Nada Eidaroos verfasserin aut In Slovenian Veterinary Research University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2024 59(2022), 1 (DE-627)514238763 (DE-600)2241136-7 23858761 nnns volume:59 year:2022 number:1 https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 kostenfrei https://www.slovetres.si/index.php/SVR/article/view/1348 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1580-4003 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2385-8761 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 59 2022 1
allfields_unstemmed	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098720511 (DE-599)DOAJ6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng slv SF600-1100 Hamza Eid verfasserin aut ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala Veterinary medicine Heba El-Mahallawy verfasserin aut Hassnaa Elsheshtawy verfasserin aut Amany Shalaby verfasserin aut Mera Shetewy verfasserin aut Nada Eidaroos verfasserin aut In Slovenian Veterinary Research University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2024 59(2022), 1 (DE-627)514238763 (DE-600)2241136-7 23858761 nnns volume:59 year:2022 number:1 https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 kostenfrei https://www.slovetres.si/index.php/SVR/article/view/1348 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1580-4003 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2385-8761 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 59 2022 1
allfieldsGer	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098720511 (DE-599)DOAJ6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng slv SF600-1100 Hamza Eid verfasserin aut ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala Veterinary medicine Heba El-Mahallawy verfasserin aut Hassnaa Elsheshtawy verfasserin aut Amany Shalaby verfasserin aut Mera Shetewy verfasserin aut Nada Eidaroos verfasserin aut In Slovenian Veterinary Research University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2024 59(2022), 1 (DE-627)514238763 (DE-600)2241136-7 23858761 nnns volume:59 year:2022 number:1 https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 kostenfrei https://www.slovetres.si/index.php/SVR/article/view/1348 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1580-4003 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2385-8761 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 59 2022 1
allfieldsSound	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 doi (DE-627)DOAJ098720511 (DE-599)DOAJ6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng slv SF600-1100 Hamza Eid verfasserin aut ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala Veterinary medicine Heba El-Mahallawy verfasserin aut Hassnaa Elsheshtawy verfasserin aut Amany Shalaby verfasserin aut Mera Shetewy verfasserin aut Nada Eidaroos verfasserin aut In Slovenian Veterinary Research University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2024 59(2022), 1 (DE-627)514238763 (DE-600)2241136-7 23858761 nnns volume:59 year:2022 number:1 https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 kostenfrei https://www.slovetres.si/index.php/SVR/article/view/1348 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1580-4003 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2385-8761 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 59 2022 1
language	English Slovenian
source	In Slovenian Veterinary Research 59(2022), 1 volume:59 year:2022 number:1
sourceStr	In Slovenian Veterinary Research 59(2022), 1 volume:59 year:2022 number:1
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topic_facet	Veterinary medicine
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container_title	Slovenian Veterinary Research
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Hamza Eid @@aut@@ Heba El-Mahallawy @@aut@@ Hassnaa Elsheshtawy @@aut@@ Amany Shalaby @@aut@@ Mera Shetewy @@aut@@ Nada Eidaroos @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
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fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000naa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">DOAJ098720511</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240414000319.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">240414s2022 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.26873/SVR-1348-2022</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)DOAJ098720511</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DOAJ6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield><subfield code="a">slv</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">SF600-1100</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Hamza Eid</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. 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callnumber-first	S - Agriculture
author	Hamza Eid
spellingShingle	Hamza Eid misc SF600-1100 misc Veterinary medicine ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
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topic_title	SF600-1100 ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
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title	ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
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title_full	ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
author_sort	Hamza Eid
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author_browse	Hamza Eid Heba El-Mahallawy Hassnaa Elsheshtawy Amany Shalaby Mera Shetewy Nada Eidaroos
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title_sort	antimicrobial resistance and virulence-associated genes of aer-omonads isolated from lake manzala water and wild nile tilapia: implications to public health and the lake microbial community
callnumber	SF600-1100
title_auth	ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
abstract	Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala
abstractGer	Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Aeromonas spp. from wild Nile tilapia from Lake Manzala and the lake water. Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. Ključne besede: Aeromonas hydrophile kompleks; geni za enterotoksin; geni za rezistenco na antibiotike; Oreochromis niloticus;, jezero Manzala
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title_short	ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
url	https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1348-2022 https://doaj.org/article/6238974cd3e448f48f8f0b73ba4c64c4 https://www.slovetres.si/index.php/SVR/article/view/1348 https://doaj.org/toc/1580-4003 https://doaj.org/toc/2385-8761
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author2	Heba El-Mahallawy Hassnaa Elsheshtawy Amany Shalaby Mera Shetewy Nada Eidaroos
author2Str	Heba El-Mahallawy Hassnaa Elsheshtawy Amany Shalaby Mera Shetewy Nada Eidaroos
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callnumber-subject	SF - Animal Culture
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doi_str	10.26873/SVR-1348-2022
callnumber-a	SF600-1100
up_date	2024-07-03T18:49:42.631Z
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Swabs from the surface, gills, and internal organs of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (n =100) and lake water (n = 25) were collected and examined bacteriologically for the presence of Aeromonas spp. The isolates obtained were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A), and aadA1) and virulence genes (enterotoxins) (alt, ast, and act) was determined using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Overall, Aeromonas spp. were recovered from 69% of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples and 80% of water samples. Four types of aeromonads were detected in all the samples examined, namely, A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, and A. schubertii, with A. hydrophila predominating in both the fish and the lake water samples. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates showed very high resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and oxytetracycline and considerable resistance to streptomycin. However, all isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the act (100%) and alt (37.5%) genes, but ast was not found in any of the isolates. Specific amplification bands of the antimicrobial resistance genes blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A) were detected in all the tested isolates, whereas aadA1 (12.5%) was found only in one isolate of A. hydrophila from Nile tilapia. The presence of these enterotoxigenic and resistant Aeromonas spp. in the fish and water samples from Lake Manzala could pose a potential public health threat to human consumers and fish handlers in the study area; moreover, these species carry a risk for the transfer of resistance genes to other microbial communities in the lake. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophile complex; enterotoxin genes; antibiotic resistance genes; Oreochromis niloticus; Lake Manzala PROTIMIKROBNA ODPORNOST IN Z VIRULENCO POVEZANI GENI BAKTERIJE AEROMONAS IZOLIRANIH IZ JEZERA MANZALA IN DIVJE NILSKE TILAPIJE: VPLIVANJE NA JAVNO ZDRAVJE IN MIKROBNO ZDRUŽBO Izvleček: Namen te študije je bil raziskati razširjenost in protimikrobno občutljivost ter molekularno karakterizirati bakterijo Aeromonas spp., izolirane iz divje nilske talapije in vode iz jezera Manzala. Zbrali smo brise površine, škrg in notranjih organov navidezno zdrave nilske tilapije (n = 100) in vzorce vode (n = 25), ki smo jih bakteriološko pregledali na prisotnost bakterije Aeromonas spp. Pridobljene izolate smo testirali na občutljivost za 11 protimikrobnih sredstev z metodo difuzije diska. Prisotnost genov za odpornost proti antibiotikom (blaTEM, sul1, tetA(A) in aadA1) in genov za virulenco (enterotoksini; alt, ast in act) smo določili z običajno verižno reakcijo s polimerazo. Skupno smo Aeromonas spp. odkrili v 69% vzorcev nilske tilapije in 80% vzorcev vode. V vseh pregledanih vzorcih smo odkrili štiri vrste bakterij in sicer A. hydrophila, A. sobria, A. caviae, in A. schubertii, od katerih je A. hydrophila prevladovala v vzorcih rib in jezerske vode. Profili protimikrobne odpornosti izolatov so pokazali zelo visoko odpornost na ampicilin, penicilin, sulfametoksazol/trimetoprim in oksitetraciklin ter znatno odpornost na streptomicin. Izolati so bili občutljivi na cefotaksim. Molekularna karakterizacija je pokazala prisotnost genov act (100%) in alt (37.5%). Gena ast nismo našli v nobenem izolatu. Geni za protimikrobno odpornost blaTEM, sul1 in tetA(A) so bili prisotni pri vseh testiranih izolatih, medtem ko je bil gen aadA1 (12.5%) najden samo pri enem izolatu A. hydrophila iz nilske tilapije. Prisotnost enterotoksičnih in odpornih bakterij Aeromonas spp. v vzorcih rib in vode iz jezera Manzala bi lahko predstavljala nevarnost za javno zdravje potrošnikov in oseb, ki rokujejo z ribami na območju študije; poleg tega te vrste predstavljajo tveganje za prenos genov za odpornost na druge mikrobne skupnosti v jezeru. 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ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES OF AER-OMONADS ISOLATED FROM LAKE MANZALA WATER AND WILD NILE TILAPIA: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAKE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY

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