Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)
Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022...
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SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN [verfasserIn] SHANKAR LAL JAT [verfasserIn] A K SINGH [verfasserIn] C M PARIHAR [verfasserIn] VIJAY POONIYA [verfasserIn] SANDEEP KUMAR [verfasserIn] M C MEENA [verfasserIn] RADHESHYAM [verfasserIn] ANUP KUMAR [verfasserIn] SIBANANDA DARJEE [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2023 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
In: The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences - Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023, 93(2023), 12 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:93 ; year:2023 ; number:12 |
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Link aufrufen |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
DOAJ09906409X |
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| 520 | |a Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. | ||
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10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09906409X (DE-599)DOAJc6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN verfasserin aut Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement Agriculture S SHANKAR LAL JAT verfasserin aut A K SINGH verfasserin aut C M PARIHAR verfasserin aut VIJAY POONIYA verfasserin aut SANDEEP KUMAR verfasserin aut M C MEENA verfasserin aut RADHESHYAM verfasserin aut ANUP KUMAR verfasserin aut SIBANANDA DARJEE verfasserin aut In The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023 93(2023), 12 (DE-627)DOAJ000156906 23943319 nnns volume:93 year:2023 number:12 https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 kostenfrei https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0019-5022 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2394-3319 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 93 2023 12 |
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10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09906409X (DE-599)DOAJc6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN verfasserin aut Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement Agriculture S SHANKAR LAL JAT verfasserin aut A K SINGH verfasserin aut C M PARIHAR verfasserin aut VIJAY POONIYA verfasserin aut SANDEEP KUMAR verfasserin aut M C MEENA verfasserin aut RADHESHYAM verfasserin aut ANUP KUMAR verfasserin aut SIBANANDA DARJEE verfasserin aut In The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023 93(2023), 12 (DE-627)DOAJ000156906 23943319 nnns volume:93 year:2023 number:12 https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 kostenfrei https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0019-5022 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2394-3319 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 93 2023 12 |
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10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09906409X (DE-599)DOAJc6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN verfasserin aut Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement Agriculture S SHANKAR LAL JAT verfasserin aut A K SINGH verfasserin aut C M PARIHAR verfasserin aut VIJAY POONIYA verfasserin aut SANDEEP KUMAR verfasserin aut M C MEENA verfasserin aut RADHESHYAM verfasserin aut ANUP KUMAR verfasserin aut SIBANANDA DARJEE verfasserin aut In The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023 93(2023), 12 (DE-627)DOAJ000156906 23943319 nnns volume:93 year:2023 number:12 https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 kostenfrei https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0019-5022 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2394-3319 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 93 2023 12 |
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10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09906409X (DE-599)DOAJc6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN verfasserin aut Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement Agriculture S SHANKAR LAL JAT verfasserin aut A K SINGH verfasserin aut C M PARIHAR verfasserin aut VIJAY POONIYA verfasserin aut SANDEEP KUMAR verfasserin aut M C MEENA verfasserin aut RADHESHYAM verfasserin aut ANUP KUMAR verfasserin aut SIBANANDA DARJEE verfasserin aut In The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023 93(2023), 12 (DE-627)DOAJ000156906 23943319 nnns volume:93 year:2023 number:12 https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 kostenfrei https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0019-5022 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2394-3319 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 93 2023 12 |
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10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 doi (DE-627)DOAJ09906409X (DE-599)DOAJc6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN verfasserin aut Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement Agriculture S SHANKAR LAL JAT verfasserin aut A K SINGH verfasserin aut C M PARIHAR verfasserin aut VIJAY POONIYA verfasserin aut SANDEEP KUMAR verfasserin aut M C MEENA verfasserin aut RADHESHYAM verfasserin aut ANUP KUMAR verfasserin aut SIBANANDA DARJEE verfasserin aut In The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023 93(2023), 12 (DE-627)DOAJ000156906 23943319 nnns volume:93 year:2023 number:12 https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i12.140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/c6b8241d34e145c19ffdd03e2964ed17 kostenfrei https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/140934 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/0019-5022 Journal toc kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2394-3319 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ AR 93 2023 12 |
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SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN misc Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement misc Agriculture misc S Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) |
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Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) Conservation agriculture, Crop growth rate, Maize-mustard-mungbean system, Production efficiency, Sub-surface band placement |
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SMRUTI RANJAN PADHAN SHANKAR LAL JAT A K SINGH C M PARIHAR VIJAY POONIYA SANDEEP KUMAR M C MEENA RADHESHYAM ANUP KUMAR SIBANANDA DARJEE |
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Nitrogen dose and placement in conservation agriculture for augmenting cropgrowth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) |
| abstract |
Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. |
| abstractGer |
Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilization is vital for minimizing losses and realizing the yield potential of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] under different tillage and residue management options. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of nitrogen placement methods under conservation agriculture (CA) for augmenting crop growth, productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Experiment consisted a split-plot design with three crop establishment practices (CEP) [ZT-R, Zero tillage without residue retention; ZT+R, Zero tillage with residue; CT, Conventional tillage] in main-plots and nitrogen placement methods (NPM) [control (no N); recommended dose of N (RDN)-conventional; RDN-SSB (subsurface band placement of second N split along the crop rows); 80% RDN-SSB] in sub-plots. The ZT+R enhanced crop growth rate by 6.0–36.1% over CT at various crop stages. The ZT+R reported higher soil moisture by 9–20.7% over CT and ZT-R. Significantly superior seed yield (14.3–28.5%), net return (20.5–53.9%) and benefit cost ratio (21.8–79.0%) was obtained with ZT+R over ZT-R and CT while RDN-SSB recorded 7.3–9.1% higher seed yield over other treatments. Statistically at par results were obtained under RDN-conventional and 80% RDN-SSB for yield attributing characters and seed yield delineating that a saving of 20% N in mustard production is possible without compromising yield and this can reduce environmental footprint as well. Therefore, this study concluded that the residue retention under ZT along with subsurface N placement in mustard crop gives better vegetative growth, yield attributes and yield with a potential to save 20% N and can be opted in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic plains and similar agro-ecologies. |
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