The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this stud...
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Autor*in:	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska [verfasserIn] Nikita Abramenko [verfasserIn] Milan Jakubek [verfasserIn] Mirosław Banasik [verfasserIn] Marta Kepinska [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Journal of Clinical Medicine - MDPI AG, 2013, 13(2024), 4, p 995
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2024 ; number:4, p 995

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/jcm13040995

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ099628139

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520			\|a Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy.
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700	0		\|a Marta Kepinska \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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allfields	10.3390/jcm13040995 doi (DE-627)DOAJ099628139 (DE-599)DOAJd5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Magdalena Król-Kulikowska verfasserin aut The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy. diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking Medicine R Nikita Abramenko verfasserin aut Milan Jakubek verfasserin aut Mirosław Banasik verfasserin aut Marta Kepinska verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical Medicine MDPI AG, 2013 13(2024), 4, p 995 (DE-627)718632478 (DE-600)2662592-1 20770383 nnns volume:13 year:2024 number:4, p 995 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13040995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/d5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2024 4, p 995
spelling	10.3390/jcm13040995 doi (DE-627)DOAJ099628139 (DE-599)DOAJd5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Magdalena Król-Kulikowska verfasserin aut The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy. diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking Medicine R Nikita Abramenko verfasserin aut Milan Jakubek verfasserin aut Mirosław Banasik verfasserin aut Marta Kepinska verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical Medicine MDPI AG, 2013 13(2024), 4, p 995 (DE-627)718632478 (DE-600)2662592-1 20770383 nnns volume:13 year:2024 number:4, p 995 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13040995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/d5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2024 4, p 995
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/jcm13040995 doi (DE-627)DOAJ099628139 (DE-599)DOAJd5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Magdalena Król-Kulikowska verfasserin aut The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy. diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking Medicine R Nikita Abramenko verfasserin aut Milan Jakubek verfasserin aut Mirosław Banasik verfasserin aut Marta Kepinska verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical Medicine MDPI AG, 2013 13(2024), 4, p 995 (DE-627)718632478 (DE-600)2662592-1 20770383 nnns volume:13 year:2024 number:4, p 995 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13040995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/d5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2024 4, p 995
allfieldsGer	10.3390/jcm13040995 doi (DE-627)DOAJ099628139 (DE-599)DOAJd5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Magdalena Król-Kulikowska verfasserin aut The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy. diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking Medicine R Nikita Abramenko verfasserin aut Milan Jakubek verfasserin aut Mirosław Banasik verfasserin aut Marta Kepinska verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical Medicine MDPI AG, 2013 13(2024), 4, p 995 (DE-627)718632478 (DE-600)2662592-1 20770383 nnns volume:13 year:2024 number:4, p 995 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13040995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/d5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2024 4, p 995
allfieldsSound	10.3390/jcm13040995 doi (DE-627)DOAJ099628139 (DE-599)DOAJd5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Magdalena Król-Kulikowska verfasserin aut The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy. diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking Medicine R Nikita Abramenko verfasserin aut Milan Jakubek verfasserin aut Mirosław Banasik verfasserin aut Marta Kepinska verfasserin aut In Journal of Clinical Medicine MDPI AG, 2013 13(2024), 4, p 995 (DE-627)718632478 (DE-600)2662592-1 20770383 nnns volume:13 year:2024 number:4, p 995 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13040995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/d5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2024 4, p 995
language	English
source	In Journal of Clinical Medicine 13(2024), 4, p 995 volume:13 year:2024 number:4, p 995
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topic_facet	diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking Medicine R
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska @@aut@@ Nikita Abramenko @@aut@@ Milan Jakubek @@aut@@ Mirosław Banasik @@aut@@ Marta Kepinska @@aut@@
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author	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
spellingShingle	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska misc diabetes nephropathy misc kidney transplant misc single nucleotide polymorphisms misc ACE inhibitors misc molecular docking misc Medicine misc R The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
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topic_title	The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking
topic	misc diabetes nephropathy misc kidney transplant misc single nucleotide polymorphisms misc ACE inhibitors misc molecular docking misc Medicine misc R
topic_unstemmed	misc diabetes nephropathy misc kidney transplant misc single nucleotide polymorphisms misc ACE inhibitors misc molecular docking misc Medicine misc R
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title	The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
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title_full	The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
author_sort	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
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author_browse	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska Nikita Abramenko Milan Jakubek Mirosław Banasik Marta Kepinska
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author-letter	Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
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title_sort	role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) polymorphisms in the risk of development and treatment of diabetic nephropathy
title_auth	The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
abstract	Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy.
abstractGer	Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy.
abstract_unstemmed	Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i<ACE</i< polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy.
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title_short	The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
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up_date	2024-07-03T23:40:21.596Z
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