Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method

A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials w...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Xiaoming Xu [verfasserIn] Zhiwei Song [verfasserIn] Yuchao Wang [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna

Übergeordnetes Werk:	In: Sensors - MDPI AG, 2003, 23(2023), 22, p 9094
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:23 ; year:2023 ; number:22, p 9094

Links:	Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Link aufrufen Journal toc

DOI / URN:	10.3390/s23229094

Katalog-ID:	DOAJ10119241X

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allfields	10.3390/s23229094 doi (DE-627)DOAJ10119241X (DE-599)DOAJ9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Xiaoming Xu verfasserin aut Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems. biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna Chemical technology Zhiwei Song verfasserin aut Yuchao Wang verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 23(2023), 22, p 9094 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094 https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 23 2023 22, p 9094
spelling	10.3390/s23229094 doi (DE-627)DOAJ10119241X (DE-599)DOAJ9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Xiaoming Xu verfasserin aut Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems. biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna Chemical technology Zhiwei Song verfasserin aut Yuchao Wang verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 23(2023), 22, p 9094 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094 https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 23 2023 22, p 9094
allfields_unstemmed	10.3390/s23229094 doi (DE-627)DOAJ10119241X (DE-599)DOAJ9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Xiaoming Xu verfasserin aut Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems. biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna Chemical technology Zhiwei Song verfasserin aut Yuchao Wang verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 23(2023), 22, p 9094 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094 https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 23 2023 22, p 9094
allfieldsGer	10.3390/s23229094 doi (DE-627)DOAJ10119241X (DE-599)DOAJ9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Xiaoming Xu verfasserin aut Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems. biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna Chemical technology Zhiwei Song verfasserin aut Yuchao Wang verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 23(2023), 22, p 9094 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094 https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 23 2023 22, p 9094
allfieldsSound	10.3390/s23229094 doi (DE-627)DOAJ10119241X (DE-599)DOAJ9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng TP1-1185 Xiaoming Xu verfasserin aut Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems. biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna Chemical technology Zhiwei Song verfasserin aut Yuchao Wang verfasserin aut In Sensors MDPI AG, 2003 23(2023), 22, p 9094 (DE-627)331640910 (DE-600)2052857-7 14248220 nnns volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094 https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/article/9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e kostenfrei https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9094 kostenfrei https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220 Journal toc kostenfrei GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_DOAJ GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 23 2023 22, p 9094
language	English
source	In Sensors 23(2023), 22, p 9094 volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094
sourceStr	In Sensors 23(2023), 22, p 9094 volume:23 year:2023 number:22, p 9094
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topic_facet	biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna Chemical technology
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container_title	Sensors
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Xiaoming Xu @@aut@@ Zhiwei Song @@aut@@ Yuchao Wang @@aut@@
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callnumber-first	T - Technology
author	Xiaoming Xu
spellingShingle	Xiaoming Xu misc TP1-1185 misc biotelemetry misc characteristic mode method misc dual-band misc dual polarized misc implantable antenna misc Chemical technology Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method
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topic_title	TP1-1185 Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method biotelemetry characteristic mode method dual-band dual polarized implantable antenna
topic	misc TP1-1185 misc biotelemetry misc characteristic mode method misc dual-band misc dual polarized misc implantable antenna misc Chemical technology
topic_unstemmed	misc TP1-1185 misc biotelemetry misc characteristic mode method misc dual-band misc dual polarized misc implantable antenna misc Chemical technology
topic_browse	misc TP1-1185 misc biotelemetry misc characteristic mode method misc dual-band misc dual polarized misc implantable antenna misc Chemical technology
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title	Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method
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title_full	Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method
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author_browse	Xiaoming Xu Zhiwei Song Yuchao Wang
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doi_str_mv	10.3390/s23229094
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title_sort	designing a compact dual-band, dual-polarized antenna for biotelemetry communications using the characteristic mode method
callnumber	TP1-1185
title_auth	Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method
abstract	A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems.
abstractGer	A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems.
abstract_unstemmed	A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm<sup<3</sup<, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are −20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and −22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33–1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21–2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems.
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title_short	Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method
url	https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229094 https://doaj.org/article/9890f6db15364b63bdc7aa7c434bc03e https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9094 https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220
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up_date	2024-07-03T19:11:14.023Z
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Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method

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