Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant
Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Vahabi, Henri [verfasserIn] Saeb, Mohammad Reza [verfasserIn] Formela, Krzysztof [verfasserIn] Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2018 |
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Schlagwörter: |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Progress in organic coatings - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1972, 119, Seite 8-14 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:119 ; pages:8-14 |
DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 |
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Katalog-ID: |
ELV001552066 |
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520 | |a Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. | ||
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650 | 4 | |a Flame retardancy | |
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10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 doi (DE-627)ELV001552066 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9440(17)31177-3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 540 DE-600 52.78 bkl Vahabi, Henri verfasserin aut Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant 2018 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. Epoxy Flame retardancy Nanocomposites Halloysite nanotubes Expandable graphite Saeb, Mohammad Reza verfasserin aut Formela, Krzysztof verfasserin aut Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez verfasserin aut Enthalten in Progress in organic coatings Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1972 119, Seite 8-14 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320530647 (DE-600)2015714-9 (DE-576)25948492X nnns volume:119 pages:8-14 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 52.78 Oberflächentechnik Wärmebehandlung AR 119 8-14 |
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10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 doi (DE-627)ELV001552066 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9440(17)31177-3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 540 DE-600 52.78 bkl Vahabi, Henri verfasserin aut Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant 2018 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. Epoxy Flame retardancy Nanocomposites Halloysite nanotubes Expandable graphite Saeb, Mohammad Reza verfasserin aut Formela, Krzysztof verfasserin aut Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez verfasserin aut Enthalten in Progress in organic coatings Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1972 119, Seite 8-14 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320530647 (DE-600)2015714-9 (DE-576)25948492X nnns volume:119 pages:8-14 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 52.78 Oberflächentechnik Wärmebehandlung AR 119 8-14 |
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10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 doi (DE-627)ELV001552066 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9440(17)31177-3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 540 DE-600 52.78 bkl Vahabi, Henri verfasserin aut Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant 2018 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. Epoxy Flame retardancy Nanocomposites Halloysite nanotubes Expandable graphite Saeb, Mohammad Reza verfasserin aut Formela, Krzysztof verfasserin aut Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez verfasserin aut Enthalten in Progress in organic coatings Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1972 119, Seite 8-14 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320530647 (DE-600)2015714-9 (DE-576)25948492X nnns volume:119 pages:8-14 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 52.78 Oberflächentechnik Wärmebehandlung AR 119 8-14 |
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10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 doi (DE-627)ELV001552066 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9440(17)31177-3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 540 DE-600 52.78 bkl Vahabi, Henri verfasserin aut Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant 2018 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. Epoxy Flame retardancy Nanocomposites Halloysite nanotubes Expandable graphite Saeb, Mohammad Reza verfasserin aut Formela, Krzysztof verfasserin aut Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez verfasserin aut Enthalten in Progress in organic coatings Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1972 119, Seite 8-14 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320530647 (DE-600)2015714-9 (DE-576)25948492X nnns volume:119 pages:8-14 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 52.78 Oberflächentechnik Wärmebehandlung AR 119 8-14 |
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10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 doi (DE-627)ELV001552066 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9440(17)31177-3 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 540 DE-600 52.78 bkl Vahabi, Henri verfasserin aut Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant 2018 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. Epoxy Flame retardancy Nanocomposites Halloysite nanotubes Expandable graphite Saeb, Mohammad Reza verfasserin aut Formela, Krzysztof verfasserin aut Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez verfasserin aut Enthalten in Progress in organic coatings Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1972 119, Seite 8-14 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320530647 (DE-600)2015714-9 (DE-576)25948492X nnns volume:119 pages:8-14 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 52.78 Oberflächentechnik Wärmebehandlung AR 119 8-14 |
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Vahabi, Henri @@aut@@ Saeb, Mohammad Reza @@aut@@ Formela, Krzysztof @@aut@@ Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez @@aut@@ |
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540 DE-600 52.78 bkl Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant Epoxy Flame retardancy Nanocomposites Halloysite nanotubes Expandable graphite |
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title |
Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant |
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title_full |
Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant |
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Vahabi, Henri |
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Progress in organic coatings |
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Vahabi, Henri Saeb, Mohammad Reza Formela, Krzysztof Cuesta, José-Marie Lopez |
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10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.005 |
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flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant |
title_auth |
Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant |
abstract |
Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. |
abstractGer |
Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Epoxy nanocomposites containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were developed and their low-concentration thresholds for thermal stability and flame retardancy were compared with that of epoxy system containing expandable graphite (EG), as a reference with superior flame retardancy. The effects of HNTs and EG on the peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Total Heat Release (THR), and Time-To-Ignition (TTI) of the prepared samples were subsequently discussed. At low loading level of 3 wt.%, HNTs appeared more effective, as signaled by an enhanced thermal stability compared to the EG-incorporated composite at an identical loading, because of hindered mobility of epoxy chains in a well-cured epoxy network. At higher loadings (6 and 9 wt.%), however, exfoliation of EG because of heat build-up in the system was dominantly hindered the crosslinking of epoxy it the presence of HNTs, which consequently deteriorated thermal stability of epoxy. This was featured by the formation of intumescent flake on the surface of the epoxy that played the role of a physical barrier, and assisted in reduction of the value of pHRR, while it doubled the TTI value. Different functions of HNTs and EG in regard with thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy/amine systems were discussed experimentally and mechanistically. |
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Flame retardant epoxy/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite coatings: Exploring low-concentration threshold for flammability compared to expandable graphite as superior fire retardant |
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