Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite
The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Kadoya, Shintaro [verfasserIn] Catling, David C. [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
E-Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2019 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Geochimica et cosmochimica acta - New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950, 262, Seite 207-219 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:262 ; pages:207-219 |
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.041 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
ELV002728532 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite |
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| 520 | |a The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Archean | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Hydrogen level | |
| 650 | 4 | |a magnetite | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Catling, David C. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Geochimica et cosmochimica acta |d New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950 |g 262, Seite 207-219 |h Online-Ressource |w (DE-627)300898797 |w (DE-600)1483679-8 |w (DE-576)120883465 |x 0016-7037 |7 nnns |
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| 936 | b | k | |a 38.32 |j Geochemie |
| 936 | b | k | |a 39.29 |j Theoretische Astronomie: Sonstiges |
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10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.041 doi (DE-627)ELV002728532 (ELSEVIER)S0016-7037(19)30465-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 DE-600 38.32 bkl 39.29 bkl Kadoya, Shintaro verfasserin aut Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite 2019 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. Archean Hydrogen level magnetite Catling, David C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Geochimica et cosmochimica acta New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950 262, Seite 207-219 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898797 (DE-600)1483679-8 (DE-576)120883465 0016-7037 nnns volume:262 pages:207-219 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-AST GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie 39.29 Theoretische Astronomie: Sonstiges AR 262 207-219 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.041 doi (DE-627)ELV002728532 (ELSEVIER)S0016-7037(19)30465-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 DE-600 38.32 bkl 39.29 bkl Kadoya, Shintaro verfasserin aut Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite 2019 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. Archean Hydrogen level magnetite Catling, David C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Geochimica et cosmochimica acta New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950 262, Seite 207-219 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898797 (DE-600)1483679-8 (DE-576)120883465 0016-7037 nnns volume:262 pages:207-219 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-AST GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie 39.29 Theoretische Astronomie: Sonstiges AR 262 207-219 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.041 doi (DE-627)ELV002728532 (ELSEVIER)S0016-7037(19)30465-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 DE-600 38.32 bkl 39.29 bkl Kadoya, Shintaro verfasserin aut Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite 2019 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. Archean Hydrogen level magnetite Catling, David C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Geochimica et cosmochimica acta New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950 262, Seite 207-219 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898797 (DE-600)1483679-8 (DE-576)120883465 0016-7037 nnns volume:262 pages:207-219 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-AST GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie 39.29 Theoretische Astronomie: Sonstiges AR 262 207-219 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.041 doi (DE-627)ELV002728532 (ELSEVIER)S0016-7037(19)30465-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 DE-600 38.32 bkl 39.29 bkl Kadoya, Shintaro verfasserin aut Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite 2019 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. Archean Hydrogen level magnetite Catling, David C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Geochimica et cosmochimica acta New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950 262, Seite 207-219 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898797 (DE-600)1483679-8 (DE-576)120883465 0016-7037 nnns volume:262 pages:207-219 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-AST GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie 39.29 Theoretische Astronomie: Sonstiges AR 262 207-219 |
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10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.041 doi (DE-627)ELV002728532 (ELSEVIER)S0016-7037(19)30465-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 DE-600 38.32 bkl 39.29 bkl Kadoya, Shintaro verfasserin aut Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite 2019 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. Archean Hydrogen level magnetite Catling, David C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Geochimica et cosmochimica acta New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1950 262, Seite 207-219 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898797 (DE-600)1483679-8 (DE-576)120883465 0016-7037 nnns volume:262 pages:207-219 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-AST GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie 39.29 Theoretische Astronomie: Sonstiges AR 262 207-219 |
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Kadoya, Shintaro Catling, David C. |
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Elektronische Aufsätze |
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Kadoya, Shintaro |
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| title_sort |
constraints on hydrogen levels in the archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite |
| title_auth |
Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite |
| abstract |
The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. |
| abstractGer |
The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
The partial pressure of atmospheric hydrogen ( p H 2 ) on the early Earth is important because it has been proposed that high p H 2 warmed the planet or allowed prebiotic chemistry in the early atmosphere. However, such hypotheses lack observational constraints on p H 2 . Here, we use the existence of detrital magnetites in ( ∼ 3.0 Ga ) Archean riverbeds to constrain p H 2 . Under the condition of high p H 2 , magnetite should disappear via reductive dissolution. We investigated the timescale for a magnetite particle in a river to dissolve, which depends on p H 2 and p CO 2 . Using published estimates of Archean p CO 2 and assuming the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microbes, the survival timescale is ∼ 1 kyr when p H 2 is ∼ 10 - 2 bar , and decreases as p H 2 increases. Considering that the residence time of a particle in a short river ( < 1000 km ) is ∼ 1 kyr , the existence of detrital magnetite particles in Archean riverbeds likely indicates that p H 2 was below ∼ 10 - 2 bar . Such a level would preclude H2 as a greenhouse gas or a strongly reducing Archean atmosphere. It is also consistent with limits imposed on H2 by consumption by methanogens because conversion to CH4 is thermodynamically favored. |
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| title_short |
Constraints on hydrogen levels in the Archean atmosphere based on detrital magnetite |
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