Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives

Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited b...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Deiana, Claudio [verfasserIn] Geraci, Andrea [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Regionalwissenschaft / Regionalökonomik / Stadtökonomik / Wirtschaftsgeographie / Welt
Schlagwörter:	Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Regional science and urban economics - [Amsterdam] : Elsevier Science, 1975, 89
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:89

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103691

Katalog-ID:	ELV006212506

Internformat


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520			\|a Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous.
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author_variant	c d cd a g ag
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allfields	10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103691 doi (DE-627)ELV006212506 (ELSEVIER)S0166-0462(21)00051-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 74.12 bkl 83.64 bkl Deiana, Claudio verfasserin aut Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous. 1.1\x Regionalwissenschaft (DE-2867)11951-6 stw 1.2\x Regionalökonomik (DE-2867)11912-2 stw 1.3\x Stadtökonomik (DE-2867)11990-3 stw 1.4\x Wirtschaftsgeographie (DE-2867)15902-6 stw 1.5\x Welt (DE-2867)16809-5 stw Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy Geraci, Andrea verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8172-059X aut Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics [Amsterdam] : Elsevier Science, 1975 89 Online-Ressource (DE-627)271175338 (DE-600)1478933-4 (DE-576)079718892 1879-2308 nnns volume:89 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 74.12 Stadtgeographie Siedlungsgeographie 83.64 Regionalwirtschaft ECS-11001 SKW AR 89
spelling	10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103691 doi (DE-627)ELV006212506 (ELSEVIER)S0166-0462(21)00051-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 74.12 bkl 83.64 bkl Deiana, Claudio verfasserin aut Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous. 1.1\x Regionalwissenschaft (DE-2867)11951-6 stw 1.2\x Regionalökonomik (DE-2867)11912-2 stw 1.3\x Stadtökonomik (DE-2867)11990-3 stw 1.4\x Wirtschaftsgeographie (DE-2867)15902-6 stw 1.5\x Welt (DE-2867)16809-5 stw Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy Geraci, Andrea verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8172-059X aut Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics [Amsterdam] : Elsevier Science, 1975 89 Online-Ressource (DE-627)271175338 (DE-600)1478933-4 (DE-576)079718892 1879-2308 nnns volume:89 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 74.12 Stadtgeographie Siedlungsgeographie 83.64 Regionalwirtschaft ECS-11001 SKW AR 89
allfields_unstemmed	10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103691 doi (DE-627)ELV006212506 (ELSEVIER)S0166-0462(21)00051-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 74.12 bkl 83.64 bkl Deiana, Claudio verfasserin aut Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous. 1.1\x Regionalwissenschaft (DE-2867)11951-6 stw 1.2\x Regionalökonomik (DE-2867)11912-2 stw 1.3\x Stadtökonomik (DE-2867)11990-3 stw 1.4\x Wirtschaftsgeographie (DE-2867)15902-6 stw 1.5\x Welt (DE-2867)16809-5 stw Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy Geraci, Andrea verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8172-059X aut Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics [Amsterdam] : Elsevier Science, 1975 89 Online-Ressource (DE-627)271175338 (DE-600)1478933-4 (DE-576)079718892 1879-2308 nnns volume:89 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 74.12 Stadtgeographie Siedlungsgeographie 83.64 Regionalwirtschaft ECS-11001 SKW AR 89
allfieldsGer	10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103691 doi (DE-627)ELV006212506 (ELSEVIER)S0166-0462(21)00051-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 74.12 bkl 83.64 bkl Deiana, Claudio verfasserin aut Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous. 1.1\x Regionalwissenschaft (DE-2867)11951-6 stw 1.2\x Regionalökonomik (DE-2867)11912-2 stw 1.3\x Stadtökonomik (DE-2867)11990-3 stw 1.4\x Wirtschaftsgeographie (DE-2867)15902-6 stw 1.5\x Welt (DE-2867)16809-5 stw Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy Geraci, Andrea verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8172-059X aut Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics [Amsterdam] : Elsevier Science, 1975 89 Online-Ressource (DE-627)271175338 (DE-600)1478933-4 (DE-576)079718892 1879-2308 nnns volume:89 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 74.12 Stadtgeographie Siedlungsgeographie 83.64 Regionalwirtschaft ECS-11001 SKW AR 89
allfieldsSound	10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103691 doi (DE-627)ELV006212506 (ELSEVIER)S0166-0462(21)00051-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 74.12 bkl 83.64 bkl Deiana, Claudio verfasserin aut Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous. 1.1\x Regionalwissenschaft (DE-2867)11951-6 stw 1.2\x Regionalökonomik (DE-2867)11912-2 stw 1.3\x Stadtökonomik (DE-2867)11990-3 stw 1.4\x Wirtschaftsgeographie (DE-2867)15902-6 stw 1.5\x Welt (DE-2867)16809-5 stw Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy Geraci, Andrea verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8172-059X aut Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics [Amsterdam] : Elsevier Science, 1975 89 Online-Ressource (DE-627)271175338 (DE-600)1478933-4 (DE-576)079718892 1879-2308 nnns volume:89 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 74.12 Stadtgeographie Siedlungsgeographie 83.64 Regionalwirtschaft ECS-11001 SKW AR 89
language	English
source	Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics 89 volume:89
sourceStr	Enthalten in Regional science and urban economics 89 volume:89
format_phy_str_mv	Article
bklname	Stadtgeographie Siedlungsgeographie Regionalwirtschaft
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Regionalwissenschaft Regionalökonomik Stadtökonomik Wirtschaftsgeographie Welt Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Regional science and urban economics
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Deiana, Claudio @@aut@@ Geraci, Andrea @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	271175338
id	ELV006212506
language_de	englisch
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author	Deiana, Claudio
spellingShingle	Deiana, Claudio bkl 74.12 bkl 83.64 stw Regionalwissenschaft stw Regionalökonomik stw Stadtökonomik stw Wirtschaftsgeographie stw Welt misc Mafia misc Government subsidies misc Wind misc Renewable energy Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives
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topic_title	74.12 bkl 83.64 bkl Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives 1.1\x Regionalwissenschaft (DE-2867)11951-6 stw 1.2\x Regionalökonomik (DE-2867)11912-2 stw 1.3\x Stadtökonomik (DE-2867)11990-3 stw 1.4\x Wirtschaftsgeographie (DE-2867)15902-6 stw 1.5\x Welt (DE-2867)16809-5 stw Mafia Government subsidies Wind Renewable energy
topic	bkl 74.12 bkl 83.64 stw Regionalwissenschaft stw Regionalökonomik stw Stadtökonomik stw Wirtschaftsgeographie stw Welt misc Mafia misc Government subsidies misc Wind misc Renewable energy
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title	Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives
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title_full	Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives
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title_sort	are wind turbines a mafia windfall? the unintended consequences of green incentives
title_auth	Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives
abstract	Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous.
abstractGer	Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous.
abstract_unstemmed	Over the past decades, national and supranational governments have amply incentivised wind farm power production. In this paper, we reconstruct investments in the wind sector over twenty years of national support schemes in Italy, and we uncover unintended consequences of wind incentives exploited by criminal organization groups. We show that Italian mafia-exposed municipalities register a larger take-up of incentives for wind energy production, measured with the number of wind farms. The differential effect appears when the national energy services authority started withdrawing the excess supply of tradeable Green Certificates. With the end of the national intervention in the market, when the system of incentives became more competitive, installed power capacity sharply decreased. Further, we do not observe any differential in the take-up of mafia-exposed municipalities based on local physical constraints related to the wind potential nor spillover effects in neighboring municipalities. Our analysis highlights the risks of criminal infiltration in the green energy sector, especially when incentive schemes are insufficiently competitive and overly generous.
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title_short	Are wind turbines a mafia windfall? The unintended consequences of green incentives
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up_date	2024-07-06T20:36:31.275Z
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